Sanskrit

E3683

Indo-Aryan language ancient language classical language language liturgical language

Sanskrit is an ancient Indo-Aryan language of India, foundational to Hindu religious texts and classical Indian literature, and a key source for many modern South Asian languages.

Aliases (7)

Vedic Sanskrit ×10
Classical Sanskrit ×3
Sanskrit language ×2
Old Indo-Aryan (Sanskrit) ×1
Sanskrit studies ×1
Vedic Sanskrit (indirectly) ×1
derived from Sanskrit words "swa" (self) and "raj" (rule) ×1

Statements (66)

Predicate	Object
instanceOf	Indo-Aryan language → ancient language → classical language → language → liturgical language →
branch	Indo-Aryan languages →
classicalStatus	recognized classical language of India →
country	India →
earliestTextsDateTo	second millennium BCE (Vedic period) →
etymology	derived from Sanskrit word saṃskṛta meaning refined or perfected →
family	Indo-European languages →
grammaticalFeature	eight grammatical cases → extensive system of verbal conjugations → three grammatical genders → three numbers (singular dual plural) →
historicalStage	Classical Sanskrit → Vedic Sanskrit →
influenced	Assamese → Bengali → Gujarati → Hindi → Marathi → Nepali → Odia → Sinhala → many modern Indo-Aryan languages →
iso639-1Code	sa →
iso639-2Code	san →
iso639-3Code	san →
keyWorkOfGrammar	Aṣṭādhyāyī →
linguisticRole	source of extensive loanwords in South Asian languages →
officialStatus	official language of Himachal Pradesh → official language of Uttarakhand → official language of some Indian union territories in limited contexts → one of the 22 scheduled languages of India →
phonologicalFeature	rich system of consonants including retroflex stops → three-way stop distinction of voicing and aspiration →
region	Indian subcontinent →
religiousRole	liturgical language of Buddhism → liturgical language of Hinduism → liturgical language of Jainism →
scriptStandard	Devanagari →
standardizedBy	Pāṇini →
studyField	Indology → comparative Indo-European linguistics →
subfamily	Indo-Iranian languages →
usedIn	Ayurvedic texts → Indian philosophical texts (Darśanas) → Mahābhārata → Purāṇas → Rāmāyaṇa → Upanishads → Vedas → classical Indian drama → classical Indian poetry →
writingDirection	left-to-right →
writingSystem	Bengali script → Brahmi script → Devanagari script → Grantha script → Gujarati script → Kannada script → Malayalam script → Sharada script → Tamil script → Telugu script →

Referenced by (122)

Subject (surface form when different)	Predicate
Adi Shankaracharya → Aṣṭādhyāyī → Dakshin Ganga → Dharmashastras → Gupta Empire → Mimamsa → Nyaya → Puranas → Ramayana → Rigveda ("Vedic Sanskrit") → Samaveda ("Vedic Sanskrit") → Samkhya → Sanjaya dynasty → Sankhya Yoga → Satyameva Jayate → Tripitaka → Upanishads → Vedas → Vidyapati → Yajurveda ("Vedic Sanskrit") →	language
Indian Army Service Corps → Indian Institute of Science → Indian National Science Academy → National Investigation Agency → Symbiosis International University → University of Delhi → University of Hyderabad → University of Madras → Visva-Bharati University →	mottoLanguage
Hindi → Kawi (Old Javanese) → Kawi language → Lao → Majhi dialect → Modern Javanese →	influencedBy
Balitung → Guru Gobind Singh → Sailendra dynasty → Vedic period ("Vedic Sanskrit") →	languageUsed
Brahmi script → Devanagari Extended-A → Kawi script ("Sanskrit language") → Sinhala script →	usedFor
Marathi language ("Vedic Sanskrit (indirectly)") → Middle Indo-Aryan ("Vedic Sanskrit") → Middle Indo-Aryan ("Classical Sanskrit") →	developedFrom
Anish → Sarvodaya → Swaraj →	hasLanguageOfOrigin
Arya Samaj → Shaivism → Smartism →	languageOfScripture
Sambhaji → Swami Vivekananda → Vinoba Bhave →	languageSpoken
Balinese script → Devanagari script → Grantha script →	usedForLanguage
Indo-Aryan languages ("Vedic Sanskrit") → Indo-Aryan languages ("Classical Sanskrit") →	ancestorLanguage
Assamese → Magahi →	hasLexicalInfluenceFrom
Indonesian → Sinhala →	hasLoanwordsFrom
Parushni ("Vedic Sanskrit") → Sangha →	languageOfName
Om → Subhas →	languageOfOrigin
Kawi (Old Javanese) → Tocharian languages →	lexicalBorrowingFrom
Lashkari Zaban → Old Malay →	lexicalInfluenceFrom
Kannada script → Telugu script →	writingSystemFor
Uttarakhand →	additionalOfficialLanguage
Khmer script →	alsoUsedFor
Gujarati →	ancestor
Kadamba script →	associatedLanguage
Shauraseni Prakrit →	closelyRelatedTo
Vedas ("Vedic Sanskrit") →	composedIn
Prakrit ("Classical Sanskrit") →	contrastedWith
Maharaja →	etymologyLanguage
Prakrit ("Vedic Sanskrit") →	follows
Proto-Indo-European →	hasDescendant
Swaraj ("derived from Sanskrit words "swa" (self) and "raj" (rule)") →	hasEtymology
Sanskritized Prakrits →	hasInfluenceFrom
Indian philosophy →	hasLanguageOfExpression
Urdu →	hasLexicalBorrowingFrom
Sindhi ("Old Indo-Aryan (Sanskrit)") →	hasLinguisticAncestor
Malayo-Polynesian languages →	hasMajorContactLanguage
Hinduism →	hasSacredLanguage
Konkani →	hasSignificantLoanwordsFrom
Indology ("Sanskrit studies") →	hasSubfield
Eastern Nagari script →	historicallyUsedFor
Sanskrit ("Vedic Sanskrit") →	historicalStage
Pallava script ("Sanskrit language") →	historicalUsage
Saraswati →	languageAssociation
Eighth Schedule of the Constitution of India →	languageListed
Shivaji →	languageOfAdministration
Indian philosophical texts (Darśanas) →	languageOfComposition
Buddhism →	languageOfEarlyTexts
Deccan College →	languageOfInstruction
Shingon Buddhism →	languageOfMantras
Sudama →	languageOfPrimarySources
Vaisheshika →	languageOfPrimaryTexts
Shravikas →	languageOfTerm
Partha →	languageOfUse
Pāṇini →	languageOfWork
Shravakas →	languageOrigin
Julius Robert Oppenheimer →	languagesSpokenWrittenOrSigned
Brahmins →	languageTradition
Khmer →	loanwordsFrom
Malay →	majorLoanwordSource
Vidyapati →	notableWorkLanguage
Haridwar →	officialLanguage
India →	recognizedLanguage
Yama →	script
Indian Administrative Service →	serviceMottoLanguage
Malvani →	sharesVocabularyWith
Nannaya →	sourceLanguageOfTranslations
Tikkana →	translatedFrom
Malayalam script →	usedForWriting