Civil Rights Act of 1964

E6283

United States federal statute civil rights legislation

The Civil Rights Act of 1964 is a landmark U.S. federal law that outlawed segregation and major forms of discrimination based on race, color, religion, sex, or national origin, fundamentally reshaping American civil rights protections.

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All labels observed (10)

Label	Occurrences
Civil Rights Act of 1964 canonical	82
An Act to enforce the constitutional right to vote, to confer jurisdiction upon the district courts of the United States to provide injunctive relief against discrimination in public accommodations, to authorize the Attorney General to institute suits to protect constitutional rights in public facilities and public education, to extend the Commission on Civil Rights, to prevent discrimination in federally assisted programs, to establish a Commission on Equal Employment Opportunity, and for other purposes	2
Civil Rights Act of 1964 (as political backdrop and opposition)	1
Civil Rights Act of 1964 (in broader civil rights framework)	1
Civil Rights Act of 1964 (in part)	1
Civil Rights Act of 1964 Title I	1
Civil Rights Act of 1968	1
Title II of the Civil Rights Act of 1964	1
Title III – Desegregation of Public Facilities	1
Titles I–XI of the Civil Rights Act of 1964	1

Statements (53)

Predicate	Object
instanceOf	United States federal statute ⓘ civil rights legislation ⓘ
alsoKnownAs	CRA 1964 ⓘ
appliesTo	employers with 15 or more employees (Title VII) ⓘ employment agencies ⓘ labor organizations ⓘ
authorizes	U.S. Attorney General to file suits to enforce desegregation ⓘ withholding of federal funds from discriminatory programs ⓘ
bans	employment discrimination by covered employers ⓘ segregation in public accommodations ⓘ segregation in public facilities ⓘ
constitutionalBasis	Article I, Section 8, Clause 3 of the United States Constitution ⓘ surface form: Commerce Clause of the U.S. Constitution Fourteenth Amendment ⓘ surface form: Fourteenth Amendment to the U.S. Constitution
country	United States of America ⓘ surface form: United States
effectiveDate	1964-07-02 ⓘ
enactedBy	88th United States Congress ⓘ
establishes	Equal Employment Opportunity Commission ⓘ
followedBy	Fair Housing Act of 1968 ⓘ surface form: Civil Rights Act of 1968 Voting Rights Act of 1965 ⓘ
jurisdiction	United States government ⓘ surface form: federal government of the United States
legislativeHistoryContext	American civil rights movement ⓘ surface form: Civil Rights Movement
locationOfSigning	White House ⓘ
longTitle	Civil Rights Act of 1964 self-linksurface differs ⓘ surface form: An Act to enforce the constitutional right to vote, to confer jurisdiction upon the district courts of the United States to provide injunctive relief against discrimination in public accommodations, to authorize the Attorney General to institute suits to protect constitutional rights in public facilities and public education, to extend the Commission on Civil Rights, to prevent discrimination in federally assisted programs, to establish a Commission on Equal Employment Opportunity, and for other purposes
precededBy	Civil Rights Act of 1957 ⓘ Civil Rights Act of 1960 ⓘ
presidentAtEnactment	Lyndon B. Johnson ⓘ
prohibitsDiscriminationOnBasisOf	color ⓘ national origin ⓘ race ⓘ religion ⓘ sex ⓘ
publicLawNumber	Pub.L. 88–352 ⓘ
shortTitle	Civil Rights Act of 1964 self-link ⓘ
signedBy	Lyndon B. Johnson ⓘ
signingDate	1964-07-02 ⓘ
subject	civil rights ⓘ education equality ⓘ employment discrimination ⓘ public accommodations ⓘ racial segregation ⓘ voting rights ⓘ
title	Title I – Voting Rights ⓘ Title II – Public Accommodations ⓘ Civil Rights Act of 1964 self-linksurface differs ⓘ surface form: Title III – Desegregation of Public Facilities Title IV – Desegregation of Public Education ⓘ Title IX – Intervention and Removal of Cases ⓘ Title VI of the Civil Rights Act of 1964 ⓘ surface form: Title VI – Nondiscrimination in Federally Assisted Programs Title VII of the Civil Rights Act of 1964 ⓘ surface form: Title VII – Equal Employment Opportunity Title VIII – Registration and Voting Statistics ⓘ Title X – Community Relations Service ⓘ Title XI – Miscellaneous ⓘ
upheldByCourtCase	Heart of Atlanta Motel, Inc. v. United States ⓘ Katzenbach v. McClung ⓘ

Referenced by (92)

Full triples — surface form annotated when it differs from this entity's canonical label.

Southern Democrats → opposedPolicy → Civil Rights Act of 1964 ⓘ

"I Have a Dream" speech → influenced → Civil Rights Act of 1964 ⓘ

American civil rights movement → influenced → Civil Rights Act of 1964 ⓘ

Southern Christian Leadership Conference → supported → Civil Rights Act of 1964 ⓘ

Civil Rights Act of 1866 → precedes → Civil Rights Act of 1964 ⓘ

Birmingham campaign → influenced → Civil Rights Act of 1964 ⓘ

Little Rock Integration Crisis → followedBy → Civil Rights Act of 1964 ⓘ

Heart of Atlanta Motel, Inc. v. United States → challengedStatute → Civil Rights Act of 1964 ⓘ

Heart of Atlanta Motel, Inc. v. United States → challengedProvision → Civil Rights Act of 1964 ⓘ

this entity surface form: Title II of the Civil Rights Act of 1964

Civil Rights Act of 1957 → followedBy → Civil Rights Act of 1964 ⓘ

Civil Rights Act of 1957 → relatedTo → Civil Rights Act of 1964 ⓘ

Jim Crow laws → underminedBy → Civil Rights Act of 1964 ⓘ

Great Society → hasPart → Civil Rights Act of 1964 ⓘ

Civil Rights Division → legalAuthority → Civil Rights Act of 1964 ⓘ

Title VII of the Civil Rights Act of 1964 → partOf → Civil Rights Act of 1964 ⓘ

Ku Klux Klan → opposedLegislation → Civil Rights Act of 1964 ⓘ

Civil Rights Act of 1964 → shortTitle → Civil Rights Act of 1964 self-link ⓘ

Civil Rights Act of 1964 → longTitle → Civil Rights Act of 1964 self-linksurface differs ⓘ

this entity surface form: An Act to enforce the constitutional right to vote, to confer jurisdiction upon the district courts of the United States to provide injunctive relief against discrimination in public accommodations, to authorize the Attorney General to institute suits to protect constitutional rights in public facilities and public education, to extend the Commission on Civil Rights, to prevent discrimination in federally assisted programs, to establish a Commission on Equal Employment Opportunity, and for other purposes

Civil Rights Act of 1964 → title → Civil Rights Act of 1964 self-linksurface differs ⓘ

this entity surface form: Title III – Desegregation of Public Facilities

American South (mid-20th century civil rights era) → influencedLaw → Civil Rights Act of 1964 ⓘ

Civil Rights Act of 1875 → influenced → Civil Rights Act of 1964 ⓘ

Civil Rights Act of 1875 → relatedTo → Civil Rights Act of 1964 ⓘ

Katzenbach v. McClung → relatedLegislation → Civil Rights Act of 1964 ⓘ

Voting Rights Act of 1965 → precededBy → Civil Rights Act of 1964 ⓘ

Voting Rights Act of 1965 → relatedTo → Civil Rights Act of 1964 ⓘ

Lyndon B. Johnson → knownFor → Civil Rights Act of 1964 ⓘ

Lyndon B. Johnson → signedIntoLaw → Civil Rights Act of 1964 ⓘ

Civil Rights Act of 1960 → precedes → Civil Rights Act of 1964 ⓘ

Civil Rights Act of 1960 → relatedTo → Civil Rights Act of 1964 ⓘ

Greensboro sit-ins → relatedLegislation → Civil Rights Act of 1964 ⓘ

Enforcement Clause → basisFor → Civil Rights Act of 1964 ⓘ

this entity surface form: Civil Rights Act of 1964 (in part)

Project C (Confrontation) → influenced → Civil Rights Act of 1964 ⓘ

Children's Crusade → influenced → Civil Rights Act of 1964 ⓘ

subject surface form: Children's Crusade (1963)

Reconstruction Amendments → usedAsLegalBasisFor → Civil Rights Act of 1964 ⓘ

Johnson administration → notablePolicy → Civil Rights Act of 1964 ⓘ

Equal Employment Opportunity Commission → foundedBy → Civil Rights Act of 1964 ⓘ

Civil Rights Act of 1991 → amends → Civil Rights Act of 1964 ⓘ

Pregnancy Discrimination Act of 1978 → relatedTo → Civil Rights Act of 1964 ⓘ

Voting Section → legalBasis → Civil Rights Act of 1964 ⓘ

this entity surface form: Civil Rights Act of 1964 Title I

Matthew Shepard and James Byrd Jr. Hate Crimes Prevention Act → relatedTo → Civil Rights Act of 1964 ⓘ

this entity surface form: Civil Rights Act of 1968

Title VI of the Civil Rights Act of 1964 → partOf → Civil Rights Act of 1964 ⓘ

Title VI of the Civil Rights Act of 1964 → partOfSeries → Civil Rights Act of 1964 ⓘ

this entity surface form: Titles I–XI of the Civil Rights Act of 1964

Albert Gore Sr. → votedAgainst → Civil Rights Act of 1964 ⓘ

Special Litigation Section → legalAuthority → Civil Rights Act of 1964 ⓘ

Executive Order 8802 → precedes → Civil Rights Act of 1964 ⓘ

Title VIII → relatedTo → Civil Rights Act of 1964 ⓘ

Fair Housing Amendments Act of 1988 → relatedTo → Civil Rights Act of 1964 ⓘ

Title II – Public Accommodations → partOf → Civil Rights Act of 1964 ⓘ

Title II – Public Accommodations → enactedAsPartOf → Civil Rights Act of 1964 ⓘ

Title VIII – Registration and Voting Statistics → partOf → Civil Rights Act of 1964 ⓘ