Civil Rights Act of 1875

E9579

United States federal statute civil rights law

The Civil Rights Act of 1875 was a U.S. federal law enacted during Reconstruction that aimed to guarantee African Americans equal access to public accommodations and jury service, though it was later struck down by the Supreme Court.

Aliases (2)

Civil Rights Cases ×2
Enforcement Act of 1875 ×1

Statements (49)

Predicate	Object
instanceOf	United States federal statute → civil rights law →
alsoKnownAs	Enforcement Act of 1875 →
appliesTo	inns → other places of public amusement → public accommodations → public conveyances on land → public conveyances on water → theaters →
constitutionalBasisClaimed	Fourteenth Amendment to the United States Constitution → Thirteenth Amendment to the United States Constitution →
country	United States →
dateEnacted	1875-03-01 →
dateStruckDown	1883-10-15 →
declaredUnconstitutionalBy	Supreme Court of the United States →
effectOnFederalPower	limited federal authority to prohibit private racial discrimination →
enactedIn	Reconstruction era →
enforcementMechanism	federal courts →
fullTitle	An act to protect all citizens in their civil and legal rights →
historicalSignificance	last major civil rights law of the Reconstruction era →
influenced	Civil Rights Act of 1964 → later federal civil rights legislation →
introducedBy	Benjamin F. Butler → Charles Sumner →
jurisdiction	United States federal government →
legislativeBody	United States Congress →
legislativeChamberOfOrigin	United States Senate →
limitedByCourtCase	Civil Rights Cases →
penaltyType	criminal penalties for violators →
politicalContext	post–Civil War Reconstruction →
prohibited	exclusion of citizens from jury service on the basis of race → racial discrimination in public accommodations →
protectedClass	African Americans → all citizens of the United States →
purpose	to guarantee African Americans equal access to jury service → to guarantee African Americans equal access to public accommodations → to guarantee African Americans equal access to public transportation → to protect all citizens in their civil and legal rights →
relatedTo	Civil Rights Act of 1866 → Civil Rights Act of 1964 → Civil Rights Cases →
sectionAddressed	equal enjoyment of public accommodations → non-discrimination in jury selection →
signedBy	Ulysses S. Grant →
status	struck down as unconstitutional in part →
subjectMatter	jury service rights → public accommodations law → racial equality →
yearEnacted	1875 →

Referenced by (7)

Subject (surface form when different)	Predicate
Civil Rights Act of 1875 ("Enforcement Act of 1875") →	alsoKnownAs
Compromise of 1877 →	follows
The Civil Rights Cases →	legalSubject
Civil Rights Act of 1875 ("Civil Rights Cases") →	limitedByCourtCase
The Civil Rights Cases →	precededBy
Civil Rights Act of 1875 ("Civil Rights Cases") →	relatedTo
Reconstruction era →	significantEvent