The Civil Rights Cases (1883)
E90815
The Civil Rights Cases (1883) were a landmark U.S. Supreme Court decision that struck down key provisions of the Civil Rights Act of 1875, severely limiting federal power to prohibit racial discrimination by private individuals and businesses.
Aliases (3)
Statements (49)
| Predicate | Object |
|---|---|
| instanceOf |
United States Supreme Court decision
→
civil rights case → constitutional law case → landmark case → |
| alsoKnownAs |
Civil Rights Cases of 1883
→
|
| citation |
109 U.S. 3
→
27 L. Ed. 835 → 3 S. Ct. 18 → |
| country |
United States
→
|
| court |
Supreme Court of the United States
→
|
| decisionDate |
1883-10-15
→
|
| dissentingOpinionBy |
John Marshall Harlan
→
|
| followedBy |
Plessy v. Ferguson
→
|
| fullName |
The Civil Rights Cases
→
|
| hasPart |
Robinson v. Memphis & Charleston Railroad Company
→
United States v. Nichols → United States v. Ryan → United States v. Singleton → United States v. Stanley → |
| held |
Congress lacked authority under the Fourteenth Amendment to regulate private acts of racial discrimination
→
key provisions of the Civil Rights Act of 1875 were unconstitutional → the Fourteenth Amendment applies only to state action, not purely private conduct → the Thirteenth Amendment did not authorize the challenged provisions of the Civil Rights Act of 1875 → |
| historicalPeriod |
Reconstruction era
→
|
| impact |
facilitated the rise of Jim Crow segregation laws
→
weakened Reconstruction-era civil rights protections → |
| introducedDoctrine |
narrow interpretation of the state action requirement
→
|
| joinedByInMajority |
Horace Gray
→
Morrison R. Waite → Samuel F. Miller NERFINISHED → Stanley Matthews → Stephen J. Field → William B. Woods NERFINISHED → |
| jurisdiction |
federal jurisdiction of the United States
→
|
| language |
English
→
|
| legalSubject |
Civil Rights Act of 1875
→
Fourteenth Amendment to the United States Constitution → Thirteenth Amendment to the United States Constitution → state action doctrine → |
| limited |
federal power to prohibit racial discrimination by private businesses
→
federal power to prohibit racial discrimination by private individuals → |
| majorityOpinionBy |
Joseph P. Bradley
→
|
| overturned |
federal prohibitions on racial discrimination in public accommodations enacted in the Civil Rights Act of 1875
→
|
| precededBy |
Civil Rights Act of 1875
→
|
| topic |
federalism in the United States
→
public accommodations → racial discrimination → |
| vote |
8–1
→
|
| yearDecided |
1883
→
|
Referenced by (4)
| Subject (surface form when different) | Predicate |
|---|---|
|
The Civil Rights Cases
("Civil Rights Cases of 1883")
→
|
alsoKnownAs |
|
The Civil Rights Cases
("The Civil Rights Cases")
→
|
fullName |
|
Morrison R. Waite
("Civil Rights Cases (1883)")
→
|
presidedOver |
|
Enforcement Clause
→
|
usedInCase |