holding

P2237
predicate

Indicates that one entity is physically grasping, carrying, or keeping another entity in its possession or control.

All labels observed (3)

Label Occurrences
holding canonical 1,640
keeps 35
emergedHolding 2

Sample triples (1,677)

Subject Object
Marbury v. Madison The Supreme Court has the authority to review acts of Congress and determine whether they are unconstitutional.
Marbury v. Madison Section 13 of the Judiciary Act of 1789, to the extent it purported to expand the Supreme Court’s original jurisdiction, was unconstitutional.
Marbury v. Madison Marbury v. Madison self-linksurface differs
surface form: William Marbury had a right to his commission as justice of the peace.
Marbury v. Madison A writ of mandamus was the appropriate remedy for Marbury, but the Supreme Court lacked jurisdiction to issue it in this case.
Brown v. Board of Education racial segregation in public schools is unconstitutional
Brown v. Board of Education separate educational facilities are inherently unequal
Bush v. Gore the Florida Supreme Court’s method for recounting ballots violated the Equal Protection Clause
Bush v. Gore no constitutionally valid recount could be completed by the relevant deadlines
United States v. Virginia (1996) majority opinion Virginia Military Institute’s male-only admissions policy violates the Equal Protection Clause
United States v. Virginia (1996) majority opinion Virginia must show an exceedingly persuasive justification for gender-based classifications
Steward Machine Co. v. Davis upheld the unemployment compensation provisions of the Social Security Act
Steward Machine Co. v. Davis Congress may tax and spend for the general welfare under Article I, Section 8
Steward Machine Co. v. Davis the federal unemployment tax scheme did not constitute unconstitutional coercion of the states
Steward Machine Co. v. Davis the challenged provisions did not violate the Tenth Amendment
Crosby v. National Foreign Trade Council Massachusetts law restricting state business with Burma is preempted by federal law
Crosby v. National Foreign Trade Council state Burma law conflicted with federal Burma sanctions regime
Crosby v. National Foreign Trade Council federal Burma sanctions statute occupies the field with respect to sanctions against Burma
Dobbs v. Jackson Women’s Health Organization The Constitution does not confer a right to abortion.
Dobbs v. Jackson Women’s Health Organization The authority to regulate abortion is returned to the people and their elected representatives.
United States v. Nixon The President is not entitled to an absolute, unqualified executive privilege against judicial process in criminal proceedings
United States v. Nixon A generalized interest in confidentiality does not justify withholding evidence in a criminal trial
United States v. Nixon Courts have the authority to review claims of executive privilege
United States v. Nixon United States v. Nixon self-linksurface differs
surface form: President Nixon was required to comply with a subpoena duces tecum and produce tape recordings and documents
McCulloch v. Maryland Congress has implied powers under the Necessary and Proper Clause to create a national bank
McCulloch v. Maryland the State of Maryland may not tax instruments of the national government
McCulloch v. Maryland federal law is supreme over conflicting state law
Arizona v. United States Federal law preempts several provisions of Arizona S.B. 1070 regulating immigration enforcement.
Arizona v. United States States may not enact or enforce immigration policies that conflict with federal immigration law.
Arizona v. United States Section 3 of S.B. 1070, creating a state crime for failure to carry federal registration documents, is preempted.
Arizona v. United States Section 5(C) of S.B. 1070, criminalizing unauthorized aliens seeking or engaging in work, is preempted.
Arizona v. United States Section 6 of S.B. 1070, authorizing warrantless arrests based on possible removability, is preempted.
Arizona v. United States Section 2(B) of S.B. 1070, requiring officers to make a reasonable attempt to determine immigration status during lawful stops, is not facially preempted.
Hines v. Davidowitz Federal alien-registration law preempts conflicting state alien-registration laws.
Hines v. Davidowitz States may not impose additional or conflicting alien-registration requirements where Congress has enacted a comprehensive federal scheme.
NLRB v. Jones & Laughlin Steel Corp. The National Labor Relations Act of 1935 is constitutional as applied to the respondent
NLRB v. Jones & Laughlin Steel Corp. Congress may regulate labor relations when they have a close and substantial relation to interstate commerce
NLRB v. Jones & Laughlin Steel Corp. NLRB v. Jones & Laughlin Steel Corp. self-linksurface differs
surface form: The National Labor Relations Board may order reinstatement of workers fired for union activity in an enterprise affecting interstate commerce
Heart of Atlanta Motel, Inc. v. United States Congress may prohibit racial discrimination in public accommodations under the Commerce Clause
Heart of Atlanta Motel, Inc. v. United States Title II of the Civil Rights Act of 1964 is a valid exercise of Congress’s power under the Commerce Clause
Heart of Atlanta Motel, Inc. v. United States Places of public accommodation that serve interstate travelers or use goods that have moved in interstate commerce may be regulated by Congress
Obergefell v. Hodges same-sex couples have a fundamental right to marry under the Due Process and Equal Protection Clauses of the Fourteenth Amendment
Obergefell v. Hodges states must license marriages between two people of the same sex
Obergefell v. Hodges states must recognize same-sex marriages lawfully performed out of state
Reynolds v. United States The Free Exercise Clause protects religious belief but not all religiously motivated conduct
Reynolds v. United States The Free Exercise Clause does not excuse individuals from compliance with otherwise valid criminal laws
Reynolds v. United States Laws banning polygamy do not violate the Free Exercise Clause
Reynolds v. United States Religious duty is not a defense to a criminal indictment
Wisconsin v. Yoder Free Exercise Clause
surface form: The Free Exercise Clause of the First Amendment prohibits the State of Wisconsin from compelling Amish parents to send their children to formal high school after the eighth grade.
Wisconsin v. Yoder Compulsory school attendance laws may not be applied in a manner that unduly burdens the free exercise of religion when the state cannot show a sufficiently compelling interest.
Church of the Lukumi Babalu Aye v. City of Hialeah City ordinances targeting Santería animal sacrifice violated the Free Exercise Clause