holding

P2237 predicate

Indicates that one entity is physically grasping, carrying, or keeping another entity in its possession or control.

Observed surface forms (1)

  • keeps ×3

Sample triples (401)

Subject Object
11-400 Medicaid expansion provision unconstitutionally coercive in part
11-400 individual mandate not sustainable under the Commerce Clause
11-400 individual mandate upheld as a valid exercise of Congress’s taxing power
Abrams v. United States held that the leaflets posed a sufficient danger to be punished under the Espionage Act as amended
Abrams v. United States upheld convictions of defendants for distributing leaflets criticizing U.S. involvement in World War I
American Insurance Assn. v. Garamendi American Insurance Assn. v. Garamendi self-linksurface differs
surface form: California Holocaust Victim Insurance Relief Act was preempted by the federal foreign affairs power
American Insurance Assn. v. Garamendi State law that interferes with the federal government’s conduct of foreign relations is preempted
Argersinger v. Hamlin No person may be imprisoned for any offense unless represented by counsel or unless there was a knowing and intelligent waiver of counsel.
Argersinger v. Hamlin The Sixth Amendment right to counsel applies to misdemeanor and petty offense prosecutions that result in actual imprisonment.
Arizona v. United States Federal law preempts several provisions of Arizona S.B. 1070 regulating immigration enforcement.
Arizona v. United States Section 2(B) of S.B. 1070, requiring officers to make a reasonable attempt to determine immigration status during lawful stops, is not facially preempted.
Arizona v. United States Section 3 of S.B. 1070, creating a state crime for failure to carry federal registration documents, is preempted.
Arizona v. United States Section 5(C) of S.B. 1070, criminalizing unauthorized aliens seeking or engaging in work, is preempted.
Arizona v. United States Section 6 of S.B. 1070, authorizing warrantless arrests based on possible removability, is preempted.
Arizona v. United States States may not enact or enforce immigration policies that conflict with federal immigration law.
Baker v. Nelson same-sex marriage claims did not present a substantial federal question under the U.S. Constitution
Bakke Title VI of the Civil Rights Act of 1964
surface form: Title VI of the Civil Rights Act is coextensive with the Equal Protection Clause in this context
Bakke race may be considered as one factor among others in admissions
Bakke strict racial quotas in admissions are unconstitutional
Baldwin v. Fish and Game Commission of Montana Montana may charge higher elk-hunting license fees to nonresidents than to residents
Baldwin v. Fish and Game Commission of Montana differential elk-hunting license fees for nonresidents do not violate the Privileges and Immunities Clause
Baldwin v. Fish and Game Commission of Montana recreational hunting is not a fundamental right protected by the Privileges and Immunities Clause
Baldwin v. Fish and Game Commission of Montana the Privileges and Immunities Clause does not apply to purely recreational activities
Barnard v. Thorstenn residency requirements for bar admission violated the Privileges and Immunities Clause
Betts v. Brady Appointment of counsel in state criminal cases is required only under special circumstances
Betts v. Brady Indigent defendants in state felony cases are not automatically entitled to court-appointed counsel
Bolling v. Sharpe (argued separately, decided same day)
surface form: Bolling v. Sharpe
Racial segregation in District of Columbia public schools violates the Due Process Clause of the Fifth Amendment
Bolling v. Sharpe racial segregation in District of Columbia public schools is unconstitutional
Bond v. United States A criminal defendant has standing to challenge a federal statute on the ground that it violates the Tenth Amendment
Bond v. United States Federalism protects the liberty of individuals as well as the prerogatives of states
Bond v. United States Individuals, not just states, may raise Tenth Amendment arguments against federal statutes
Bostock v. Clayton County Title VII of the Civil Rights Act of 1964
surface form: Title VII of the Civil Rights Act of 1964 prohibits employers from firing individuals for being homosexual
Bostock v. Clayton County Title VII of the Civil Rights Act of 1964 prohibits employers from firing individuals for being transgender
Bourke v. Beshear Kentucky must recognize valid same-sex marriages performed in other states
Bourke v. Beshear Kentucky’s refusal to recognize out-of-state same-sex marriages violates the Fourteenth Amendment
Boynton v. Virginia Interstate bus terminals and their restaurants serving interstate passengers are subject to federal nondiscrimination rules
Boynton v. Virginia Racial segregation in facilities serving interstate bus passengers violates the Interstate Commerce Act
Brandenburg v. Ohio Government may punish advocacy of illegal action only where it is directed to inciting or producing imminent lawless action and is likely to incite or produce such action.
Brnovich v. Democratic National Committee Arizona’s ballot collection law is not enacted with discriminatory intent in violation of the Fifteenth Amendment
Brnovich v. Democratic National Committee Arizona’s out-of-precinct policy does not violate Section 2 of the Voting Rights Act
Brnovich v. Democratic National Committee Arizona’s restrictions on third-party ballot collection do not violate Section 2 of the Voting Rights Act
Browder v. Gayle racial segregation on Montgomery city buses is unconstitutional
Browder v. Gayle segregation on public buses violates the Equal Protection Clause of the Fourteenth Amendment
Brown II Desegregation of public schools was to proceed with "all deliberate speed."
Brown II Federal district courts were to supervise the desegregation of public schools.
Brown v. Board of Education racial segregation in public schools is unconstitutional
Brown v. Board of Education separate educational facilities are inherently unequal
Burwell v. Hobby Lobby Stores, Inc. Closely held for-profit corporations can be "persons" under the Religious Freedom Restoration Act
Burwell v. Hobby Lobby Stores, Inc. The HHS contraceptive mandate substantially burdened the exercise of religion of the companies’ owners
Burwell v. Hobby Lobby Stores, Inc. The government failed to show that the contraceptive mandate was the least restrictive means of furthering a compelling governmental interest under RFRA