Boynton v. Virginia
E76583
Boynton v. Virginia was a 1960 U.S. Supreme Court decision that extended federal prohibitions against racial discrimination in interstate bus terminals, helping lay the legal groundwork for the Freedom Rides.
All labels observed (4)
| Label | Occurrences |
|---|---|
| Boynton v. Virginia canonical | 10 |
| Bruce Boynton v. Commonwealth of Virginia | 2 |
| Boynton v. Virginia (1960) | 1 |
| Supreme Court decision Boynton v. Virginia | 1 |
How this entity was disambiguated
This entity first appeared as the object of triple T613554 — resolving that mention is where its identity was fixed. The disambiguator weighed these candidate entities and picked the highlighted one (or “None”, minting a new entity). This is how homonymy is resolved: the same surface form can point to different entities.
Target entity: Boynton v. Virginia Context triple: [Freedom Rides, basedOnLegalDecision, Boynton v. Virginia]
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A.
Paul v. Virginia
Paul v. Virginia is an 1869 U.S. Supreme Court decision that held corporations are not “citizens” under the Constitution’s Privileges and Immunities Clause, allowing states to regulate foreign insurance companies.
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B.
Loving v. Virginia
Loving v. Virginia is a landmark 1967 U.S. Supreme Court decision that struck down state laws banning interracial marriage, affirming marriage as a fundamental right under the Fourteenth Amendment.
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C.
Craig v. Boren
Craig v. Boren is a 1976 U.S. Supreme Court case that established intermediate scrutiny as the standard for evaluating gender-based classifications under the Equal Protection Clause.
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D.
Bolling v. Sharpe
Bolling v. Sharpe is a 1954 U.S. Supreme Court case that held racial segregation in Washington, D.C. public schools unconstitutional under the Fifth Amendment’s Due Process Clause.
-
E.
Jackson v. Georgia
Jackson v. Georgia is a United States Supreme Court case that, alongside Furman v. Georgia, addressed the constitutionality and application of the death penalty under the Eighth and Fourteenth Amendments.
- F. None of above. chosen
- G. Unsure - the case is ambiguous/there is not enough information to decide.
Target entity: Boynton v. Virginia Target entity description: Boynton v. Virginia was a 1960 U.S. Supreme Court decision that extended federal prohibitions against racial discrimination in interstate bus terminals, helping lay the legal groundwork for the Freedom Rides.
-
A.
Paul v. Virginia
Paul v. Virginia is an 1869 U.S. Supreme Court decision that held corporations are not “citizens” under the Constitution’s Privileges and Immunities Clause, allowing states to regulate foreign insurance companies.
-
B.
Loving v. Virginia
Loving v. Virginia is a landmark 1967 U.S. Supreme Court decision that struck down state laws banning interracial marriage, affirming marriage as a fundamental right under the Fourteenth Amendment.
-
C.
Craig v. Boren
Craig v. Boren is a 1976 U.S. Supreme Court case that established intermediate scrutiny as the standard for evaluating gender-based classifications under the Equal Protection Clause.
-
D.
Bolling v. Sharpe
Bolling v. Sharpe is a 1954 U.S. Supreme Court case that held racial segregation in Washington, D.C. public schools unconstitutional under the Fifth Amendment’s Due Process Clause.
-
E.
Jackson v. Georgia
Jackson v. Georgia is a United States Supreme Court case that, alongside Furman v. Georgia, addressed the constitutionality and application of the death penalty under the Eighth and Fourteenth Amendments.
- F. None of above. chosen
Statements (43)
| Predicate | Object |
|---|---|
| instanceOf |
United States Supreme Court case
ⓘ
civil rights case ⓘ landmark decision ⓘ |
| areaOfLaw |
civil rights law
ⓘ
interstate commerce law ⓘ |
| category |
1960 in United States case law
ⓘ
United States Supreme Court cases ⓘ
surface form:
United States Supreme Court cases of the Warren Court
United States civil rights case law ⓘ |
| chiefJusticeAtDecision | Earl Warren ⓘ |
| citation | 364 U.S. 454 ⓘ |
| constitutionalContext | Equal protection concerns under the Fourteenth Amendment informed the analysis ⓘ |
| country |
United States of America
ⓘ
surface form:
United States
|
| decisionDate | 1960-12-05 ⓘ |
| decisionType | reversed lower court ⓘ |
| docketNumber | 7 ⓘ |
| enforcementBody | Interstate Commerce Commission ⓘ |
| factualBackground | Bruce Boynton was convicted of trespass after refusing to leave a whites-only restaurant in a bus terminal ⓘ |
| fullCaseName |
Boynton v. Virginia
self-linksurface differs
ⓘ
surface form:
Bruce Boynton v. Commonwealth of Virginia
|
| historicalContext |
American civil rights movement
ⓘ
surface form:
United States civil rights movement
|
| holding |
Interstate bus terminals and their restaurants serving interstate passengers are subject to federal nondiscrimination rules
ⓘ
Racial segregation in facilities serving interstate bus passengers violates the Interstate Commerce Act ⓘ |
| impact |
extended federal prohibitions against racial discrimination to interstate bus terminals
ⓘ
provided legal foundation for Freedom Riders challenging segregated bus facilities ⓘ strengthened federal authority over segregation in interstate transportation ⓘ |
| jurisdiction | Supreme Court of the United States ⓘ |
| legalIssue |
application of the Interstate Commerce Act to racial discrimination
ⓘ
racial segregation in interstate transportation facilities ⓘ |
| lowerCourt |
Supreme Court of Virginia
ⓘ
surface form:
Supreme Court of Appeals of Virginia
|
| majorityOpinionBy |
Hugo L. Black
ⓘ
surface form:
Hugo Black
|
| pageInUnitedStatesReports | 454 ⓘ |
| partyRole | Bruce Boynton was an African American law student ⓘ |
| petitioner | Bruce Boynton ⓘ |
| precedentFor | federal desegregation of interstate bus and rail facilities ⓘ |
| relatedCase |
Bailey v. Patterson
ⓘ
Mitchell v. United States ⓘ Morgan v. Virginia ⓘ |
| relatedEvent | Freedom Rides ⓘ |
| respondent |
Virginia
ⓘ
surface form:
Commonwealth of Virginia
|
| statuteInterpreted | Interstate Commerce Act ⓘ |
| subsequentDevelopment | decision was later enforced through federal actions supporting desegregation of interstate travel facilities ⓘ |
| term |
Warren Court era
ⓘ
surface form:
Warren Court
|
| volumeInUnitedStatesReports | 364 ⓘ |
| yearDecided | 1960 ⓘ |
How these facts were elicited
The pipeline generated the facts above by prompting gpt-5.1 with this entity's name + description and the instruction below.
You are a knowledge base construction expert. Given a subject entity and a description of it, return factual statements that you know for the subject as a JSON list of dictionaries(triples), where keys must be "subject", "predicate" and "object". The number of facts may be very high, between 25 to 50 or more, for very popular subjects. For less popular subjects, the number of facts can be very low, like 5 or 10. # Requirements - If you don't know the subject at all, return an empty list. - If the subject is not a named entity, return an empty list. - Include at least one triple where predicate is "instanceOf". - Do not get too wordy. - Separate several objects into multiple triples with one object.
Subject: Boynton v. Virginia Description of subject: Boynton v. Virginia was a 1960 U.S. Supreme Court decision that extended federal prohibitions against racial discrimination in interstate bus terminals, helping lay the legal groundwork for the Freedom Rides.
Referenced by (14)
Full triples — surface form annotated when it differs from this entity's canonical label.