Bruce Boynton was convicted of trespass after refusing to leave a whites-only restaurant in a bus terminal
E373213
Boynton v. Virginia is a landmark 1960 U.S. Supreme Court case that held racial segregation in bus terminal facilities serving interstate passengers unconstitutional under the Interstate Commerce Act.
All labels observed (2)
How this entity was disambiguated
This entity first appeared as the object of triple T3615226 — resolving that mention is where its identity was fixed. The disambiguator weighed these candidate entities and picked the highlighted one (or “None”, minting a new entity). This is how homonymy is resolved: the same surface form can point to different entities.
NED1
Entity disambiguation (via context triple)
gpt-5-mini-2025-08-07
Target entity: Bruce Boynton was convicted of trespass after refusing to leave a whites-only restaurant in a bus terminal Context triple: [Boynton v. Virginia, factualBackground, Bruce Boynton was convicted of trespass after refusing to leave a whites-only restaurant in a bus terminal]
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A.
Ollie’s Barbecue refused to serve Black customers in its dining area
Ollie’s Barbecue refused to serve Black customers in its dining area, making it a central example of racial discrimination in public accommodations challenged in the Supreme Court case Katzenbach v. McClung.
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B.
Rosa Parks Bus
The Rosa Parks Bus is the restored Montgomery city bus on which civil rights icon Rosa Parks refused to give up her seat in 1955, sparking the Montgomery Bus Boycott and becoming a powerful symbol of the American civil rights movement.
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C.
Ordell Robbie
Ordell Robbie is a ruthless and manipulative gunrunner in Quentin Tarantino’s film "Jackie Brown," known for his charismatic yet menacing demeanor.
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D.
Willie Horton
Willie Horton is a former Major League Baseball outfielder and designated hitter best known as a longtime Detroit Tigers star and key contributor to their 1968 World Series championship team.
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E.
Homer Plessy
Homer Plessy was a mixed-race Louisiana shoemaker and civil rights activist best known for challenging racial segregation laws in the landmark 1896 U.S. Supreme Court case Plessy v. Ferguson.
- F. None of above. chosen
- G. Unsure - the case is ambiguous/there is not enough information to decide.
NED2
Entity disambiguation (via description)
gpt-5-mini-2025-08-07
Target entity: Bruce Boynton was convicted of trespass after refusing to leave a whites-only restaurant in a bus terminal Target entity description: Boynton v. Virginia is a landmark 1960 U.S. Supreme Court case that held racial segregation in bus terminal facilities serving interstate passengers unconstitutional under the Interstate Commerce Act.
-
A.
Ollie’s Barbecue refused to serve Black customers in its dining area
Ollie’s Barbecue refused to serve Black customers in its dining area, making it a central example of racial discrimination in public accommodations challenged in the Supreme Court case Katzenbach v. McClung.
-
B.
Rosa Parks Bus
The Rosa Parks Bus is the restored Montgomery city bus on which civil rights icon Rosa Parks refused to give up her seat in 1955, sparking the Montgomery Bus Boycott and becoming a powerful symbol of the American civil rights movement.
-
C.
Ordell Robbie
Ordell Robbie is a ruthless and manipulative gunrunner in Quentin Tarantino’s film "Jackie Brown," known for his charismatic yet menacing demeanor.
-
D.
Willie Horton
Willie Horton is a former Major League Baseball outfielder and designated hitter best known as a longtime Detroit Tigers star and key contributor to their 1968 World Series championship team.
-
E.
Homer Plessy
Homer Plessy was a mixed-race Louisiana shoemaker and civil rights activist best known for challenging racial segregation laws in the landmark 1896 U.S. Supreme Court case Plessy v. Ferguson.
- F. None of above. chosen
Statements (45)
| Predicate | Object |
|---|---|
| instanceOf |
U.S. Supreme Court case
ⓘ
desegregation case ⓘ landmark civil rights case ⓘ |
| appliesTo |
bus terminal facilities serving interstate passengers
ⓘ
waiting rooms and restaurants in interstate bus terminals ⓘ |
| areaOfLaw |
civil rights law
ⓘ
constitutional law ⓘ transportation law ⓘ |
| citation | 364 U.S. 454 ⓘ |
| constitutionalContext | racial discrimination and equal protection principles ⓘ |
| country |
United States of America
ⓘ
surface form:
United States
|
| court | Supreme Court of the United States ⓘ |
| decisionDate | 1960-12-05 ⓘ |
| enforcedBy | state trespass laws of Virginia ⓘ |
| factPattern |
Bruce Boynton refused to leave a whites-only restaurant in a bus terminal
ⓘ
Bruce Boynton was convicted of trespass after refusing to leave a whites-only restaurant in a bus terminal self-linksurface differs ⓘ
surface form:
Bruce Boynton was convicted of trespass under Virginia law
|
| fullCaseName |
Boynton v. Virginia
ⓘ
surface form:
Bruce Boynton v. Commonwealth of Virginia
|
| historicalSignificance |
helped end segregation in interstate transportation facilities
ⓘ
provided legal support for civil rights activists challenging segregated bus terminals ⓘ |
| holding |
Racial segregation in bus terminal facilities serving interstate passengers is unconstitutional under the Interstate Commerce Act
ⓘ
States may not enforce segregation in facilities that serve interstate bus passengers ⓘ |
| impactOnLaw | limited states’ ability to enforce segregation in facilities tied to interstate commerce ⓘ |
| influenced |
Freedom Rides
ⓘ
surface form:
Freedom Riders movement
|
| jurisdiction | federal ⓘ |
| language | English ⓘ |
| legalBasis | Interstate Commerce Act ⓘ |
| legalIssue |
application of the Interstate Commerce Act to segregation
ⓘ
racial segregation in bus terminal facilities ⓘ |
| overturnedLowerCourtDecision | conviction of Bruce Boynton for trespass ⓘ |
| partyRoleOfBruceBoynton | appellant ⓘ |
| petitioner | Bruce Boynton ⓘ |
| precedentFor | desegregation of bus terminals used by interstate passengers ⓘ |
| relatedCase |
Mitchell v. United States
ⓘ
Morgan v. Virginia ⓘ |
| relatedMovement |
American civil rights movement
ⓘ
surface form:
American Civil Rights Movement
|
| relatedTo |
desegregation of transportation facilities
ⓘ
interstate bus travel ⓘ racial segregation in public accommodations ⓘ |
| respondent |
Virginia
ⓘ
surface form:
Commonwealth of Virginia
|
| result | reversal of Bruce Boynton’s trespass conviction ⓘ |
| segregatedFacilityType | restaurant in a bus terminal ⓘ |
| segregationPolicyChallenged | whites-only restaurant policy in a bus terminal ⓘ |
| timePeriod |
American civil rights movement
ⓘ
surface form:
Civil Rights Era
|
| typeOfDiscrimination | racial segregation ⓘ |
| yearDecided | 1960 ⓘ |
How these facts were elicited
The pipeline generated the facts above by prompting gpt-5.1 with this entity's name + description and the instruction below.
Instruction
You are a knowledge base construction expert. Given a subject entity and a description of it, return factual statements that you know for the subject as a JSON list of dictionaries(triples), where keys must be "subject", "predicate" and "object". The number of facts may be very high, between 25 to 50 or more, for very popular subjects. For less popular subjects, the number of facts can be very low, like 5 or 10. # Requirements - If you don't know the subject at all, return an empty list. - If the subject is not a named entity, return an empty list. - Include at least one triple where predicate is "instanceOf". - Do not get too wordy. - Separate several objects into multiple triples with one object.
Input
Subject: Bruce Boynton was convicted of trespass after refusing to leave a whites-only restaurant in a bus terminal Description of subject: Boynton v. Virginia is a landmark 1960 U.S. Supreme Court case that held racial segregation in bus terminal facilities serving interstate passengers unconstitutional under the Interstate Commerce Act.
Referenced by (2)
Full triples — surface form annotated when it differs from this entity's canonical label.
Boynton v. Virginia
→
factualBackground
→
Bruce Boynton was convicted of trespass after refusing to leave a whites-only restaurant in a bus terminal
ⓘ
Bruce Boynton was convicted of trespass after refusing to leave a whites-only restaurant in a bus terminal
→
factPattern
→
Bruce Boynton was convicted of trespass after refusing to leave a whites-only restaurant in a bus terminal
self-linksurface differs
ⓘ
subject surface form:
Boynton v. Virginia
this entity surface form:
Bruce Boynton was convicted of trespass under Virginia law