Morgan v. Virginia
E76959
Morgan v. Virginia was a 1946 U.S. Supreme Court case that struck down state laws mandating racial segregation on interstate buses, laying important groundwork for later civil rights actions.
All labels observed (3)
| Label | Occurrences |
|---|---|
| Morgan v. Virginia canonical | 6 |
| Irene Morgan v. Commonwealth of Virginia | 2 |
| U.S. Supreme Court case Morgan v. Virginia (1946) | 1 |
How this entity was disambiguated
This entity first appeared as the object of triple T613555 — resolving that mention is where its identity was fixed. The disambiguator weighed these candidate entities and picked the highlighted one (or “None”, minting a new entity). This is how homonymy is resolved: the same surface form can point to different entities.
Target entity: Morgan v. Virginia Context triple: [Freedom Rides, basedOnLegalDecision, Morgan v. Virginia]
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A.
Boynton v. Virginia
Boynton v. Virginia was a 1960 U.S. Supreme Court decision that extended federal prohibitions against racial discrimination in interstate bus terminals, helping lay the legal groundwork for the Freedom Rides.
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B.
Paul v. Virginia
Paul v. Virginia is an 1869 U.S. Supreme Court decision that held corporations are not “citizens” under the Constitution’s Privileges and Immunities Clause, allowing states to regulate foreign insurance companies.
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C.
Loving v. Virginia
Loving v. Virginia is a landmark 1967 U.S. Supreme Court decision that struck down state laws banning interracial marriage, affirming marriage as a fundamental right under the Fourteenth Amendment.
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D.
Worcester v. Georgia
Worcester v. Georgia was an 1832 U.S. Supreme Court case in which the Court held that states had no authority to impose laws on Native American tribal lands, affirming tribal sovereignty in the face of federal Indian Removal policies.
-
E.
Jackson v. Georgia
Jackson v. Georgia is a United States Supreme Court case that, alongside Furman v. Georgia, addressed the constitutionality and application of the death penalty under the Eighth and Fourteenth Amendments.
- F. None of above. chosen
- G. Unsure - the case is ambiguous/there is not enough information to decide.
Target entity: Morgan v. Virginia Target entity description: Morgan v. Virginia was a 1946 U.S. Supreme Court case that struck down state laws mandating racial segregation on interstate buses, laying important groundwork for later civil rights actions.
-
A.
Boynton v. Virginia
Boynton v. Virginia was a 1960 U.S. Supreme Court decision that extended federal prohibitions against racial discrimination in interstate bus terminals, helping lay the legal groundwork for the Freedom Rides.
-
B.
Paul v. Virginia
Paul v. Virginia is an 1869 U.S. Supreme Court decision that held corporations are not “citizens” under the Constitution’s Privileges and Immunities Clause, allowing states to regulate foreign insurance companies.
-
C.
Loving v. Virginia
Loving v. Virginia is a landmark 1967 U.S. Supreme Court decision that struck down state laws banning interracial marriage, affirming marriage as a fundamental right under the Fourteenth Amendment.
-
D.
Worcester v. Georgia
Worcester v. Georgia was an 1832 U.S. Supreme Court case in which the Court held that states had no authority to impose laws on Native American tribal lands, affirming tribal sovereignty in the face of federal Indian Removal policies.
-
E.
Jackson v. Georgia
Jackson v. Georgia is a United States Supreme Court case that, alongside Furman v. Georgia, addressed the constitutionality and application of the death penalty under the Eighth and Fourteenth Amendments.
- F. None of above. chosen
Statements (47)
| Predicate | Object |
|---|---|
| instanceOf |
United States Supreme Court case
ⓘ
civil rights case ⓘ desegregation case ⓘ |
| areaOfLaw |
civil rights law
ⓘ
constitutional law ⓘ interstate commerce law ⓘ |
| citation | 328 U.S. 373 ⓘ |
| constitutionalProvisionInvolved |
Commerce Clause
ⓘ
surface form:
Commerce Clause of the United States Constitution
Fourteenth Amendment ⓘ
surface form:
Fourteenth Amendment (argued but not basis of holding)
|
| country |
United States of America
ⓘ
surface form:
United States
|
| court | Supreme Court of the United States ⓘ |
| decisionDate | 1946-06-03 ⓘ |
| dissentBy |
Justice Harold H. Burton
ⓘ
surface form:
Justice Harold Hitz Burton
Justice Robert H. Jackson (did not participate in majority) ⓘ |
| enforcementMechanismStruckDown | criminal penalties for refusing to comply with bus segregation law ⓘ |
| hasParty |
Virginia
ⓘ
surface form:
Commonwealth of Virginia
Irene Morgan ⓘ |
| holding |
state laws requiring racial segregation on interstate buses are unconstitutional
ⓘ
state segregation laws that burden interstate commerce violate the Commerce Clause ⓘ |
| impact |
laid groundwork for later civil rights litigation against segregation
ⓘ
limited states’ power to enforce segregation in interstate transportation ⓘ |
| involvedLawyer |
Thurgood Marshall
ⓘ
William Hastie ⓘ
surface form:
William H. Hastie
|
| involvedOrganization | NAACP Legal Defense and Educational Fund ⓘ |
| involvedPerson | Irene Morgan ⓘ |
| jurisdiction |
United States of America
ⓘ
surface form:
United States
|
| languageOfProceedings | English ⓘ |
| legalIssue |
constitutionality of state segregation laws in interstate commerce
ⓘ
racial segregation on interstate buses ⓘ |
| locationOfOrigin | Virginia ⓘ |
| majorityOpinionBy |
Justice Stanley Reed
ⓘ
surface form:
Justice Stanley Forman Reed
|
| precedentFor |
Boynton v. Virginia
ⓘ
Freedom Riders actions in 1961 ⓘ later desegregation of interstate transportation ⓘ |
| reasoning | a single state may not place an undue burden on interstate commerce through segregation requirements ⓘ |
| relatedCase |
Boynton v. Virginia
ⓘ
Brown v. Board of Education ⓘ Plessy v. Ferguson (1896) ⓘ
surface form:
Plessy v. Ferguson
|
| result | Virginia statute mandating segregation on interstate buses struck down ⓘ |
| shortDescription | U.S. Supreme Court decision invalidating state-mandated segregation on interstate buses ⓘ |
| stateLawChallenged | Virginia statute requiring racial segregation on interstate buses ⓘ |
| status | good law (as of 2024) ⓘ |
| subjectOf |
U.S. constitutional law casebooks
ⓘ
civil rights scholarship ⓘ |
| typeOfSegregationAddressed | racial segregation in interstate bus travel ⓘ |
| vote | 7–1 ⓘ |
| yearDecided | 1946 ⓘ |
How these facts were elicited
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You are a knowledge base construction expert. Given a subject entity and a description of it, return factual statements that you know for the subject as a JSON list of dictionaries(triples), where keys must be "subject", "predicate" and "object". The number of facts may be very high, between 25 to 50 or more, for very popular subjects. For less popular subjects, the number of facts can be very low, like 5 or 10. # Requirements - If you don't know the subject at all, return an empty list. - If the subject is not a named entity, return an empty list. - Include at least one triple where predicate is "instanceOf". - Do not get too wordy. - Separate several objects into multiple triples with one object.
Subject: Morgan v. Virginia Description of subject: Morgan v. Virginia was a 1946 U.S. Supreme Court case that struck down state laws mandating racial segregation on interstate buses, laying important groundwork for later civil rights actions.
Referenced by (9)
Full triples — surface form annotated when it differs from this entity's canonical label.