Persian language

E3587

Indo-European language Indo-Iranian language Iranian language literary language standard language

Persian language is a major modern Iranian language spoken primarily in Iran, Afghanistan, and Tajikistan, known for its rich literary tradition and historical influence across the Middle East and Central Asia.

Aliases (21)

Statements (81)

Predicate	Object
instanceOf	Indo-European language → Indo-Iranian language → Iranian language → literary language → standard language →
alsoKnownAs	Dari → Farsi → Tajik →
borrowedFromLanguage	Arabic → English → French →
developedFrom	Middle Persian → Old Persian →
eraOfOrigin	early Islamic period →
hasAncestor	Middle Persian → Old Persian →
hasDialect	Dari Persian → Hazaragi → Iranian Persian → Luri Persian → Tajik Persian →
hasMorphologicalType	fusional language →
hasNotableAuthor	Ferdowsi → Hafez → Omar Khayyam → Rumi → Saadi →
hasNotableWork	Bustan → Divan of Hafez → Gulistan → Masnavi → Shahnameh →
hasPhonologicalFeature	vowel length distinction →
hasSyntacticFeature	subject–object–verb word order →
hasWritingDirection	right-to-left →
historicalRole	administrative language in Safavid Empire → court language in Mughal India → literary lingua franca of the Islamic world →
influencedLanguage	Azerbaijani → Hindi → Kurdish → Ottoman Turkish → Pashto → Urdu →
ISO639-1Code	fa →
ISO639-2Code	fas → per →
ISO639-3Code	fas →
languageFamily	Indo-European languages → Indo-Iranian languages → Iranian languages →
nativeName	فارسی →
officialLanguageOf	Afghanistan → Iran → Tajikistan →
primaryCountry	Afghanistan → Iran → Tajikistan →
region	Afghanistan → Caucasus → Central Asia → Iran → Middle East → South Asia → Tajikistan →
regulates	Academy of Persian Language and Literature →
scriptVariant	Perso-Arabic script → Tajik Cyrillic script →
spokenBy	Aimaqs → Hazaras → Persians → Tajiks →
standardFormBasedIn	Tehran dialect →
subfamily	Southwestern Iranian languages → Western Iranian languages →
usedAsLinguaFrancaIn	Central Asia → Greater Iran → Indian subcontinent (historically) →
writingSystem	Arabic script → Cyrillic script → Persian alphabet →

Referenced by (173)

Subject (surface form when different)	Predicate
Aurangzeb ("Persian (court language)") → Bustan ("Persian") → Hazaras ("Persian") → Iranian Americans ("Farsi") → Joint Comprehensive Plan of Action ("Persian") → Khorasan ("Persian") → Mughal dynasty ("Persian") → Omar Khayyam ("Persian") → Persian → Persians → Persians ("Farsi") → Shiraz, Iran ("Persian") → Syriana ("Persian") → Western Iran ("Persian") → Yazd ("Persian") →	language
Iranian languages → Iranian languages ("Dari Persian") → Persian Gulf states ("Persian") → Southwestern Iranian languages → Southwestern Iranian languages ("Dari Persian") → Southwestern Iranian languages ("Khuzestani Persian") → Southwestern Iranian languages ("Hamedani Persian") → Southwestern Iranian languages ("Isfahani Persian") → Southwestern Iranian languages ("Shirazi Persian") → Southwestern Iranian languages ("Yazdi Persian") → Southwestern Iranian languages ("Kermani Persian") → Southwestern Iranian languages ("Mashhadi Persian") → Southwestern Iranian languages ("Herati Persian") → Southwestern Iranian languages ("Kabuli Persian") →	hasMajorLanguage
Balochi ("Persian") → Balti ("Persian") → Khowar ("Persian") → Majhi dialect ("Persian") → Mesopotamian Arabic ("Persian") → Old Anatolian Turkish ("Persian") → Qashqai → Shina ("Persian") → Tabriz dialect → Uyghur language (historically) →	influencedBy
Afghan ("Hazara Persian") → Asian American ("Persian") → Bengal Subah ("Persian") → Delhi Sultanate ("Persian") → Dutch Bengal ("Persian") → Kish Island ("Persian") → Parliament of Iran ("Persian") → Talpur dynasty ("Persian") → Tughlaq dynasty ("Persian") → Wajid Ali Shah ("Persian") →	languageUsed
Azerbaijani language → Balti ("Persian") → Burushaski ("Persian") → Gilaki ("Persian") → Khorasani Turkic ("Persian") → Malvani ("Persian") → Pashto language → Sorani ("Persian") →	hasLoanwordsFrom
Akbar ("Persian") → Herat ("Dari Persian") → Isfahan ("Persian") → Lotfi A. Zadeh ("Persian") → Qazvin ("Persian") → Qeshm Island ("Persian") → Siraj ud-Daulah ("Persian") → Tabriz ("Persian") →	languageSpoken
Bashkir language → Kurdish language ("Persian") → Lashkari Zaban ("Persian") → Tregami language ("Persian") → Turkmen language →	lexicalInfluenceFrom
Iran ("Persian") → Kabul ("Dari Persian") → Qajar Iran ("Persian") → Qazvin ("Persian") → Tehran Province ("Persian") →	officialLanguage
Eskandar ("Persian") → Middle East and North Africa ("Persian") → Pontus ("Persian") → Suhrawardiyya ("Persian") →	hasLanguage
Academy of Persian Language and Literature ("Persian") → Birbal ("Persian") → Fuzuli ("Persian") → Voice of America ("Persian") →	languageOfWorkOrName
Hazaragi ("Kabuli Persian") → Judeo-Persian ("New Persian") → Kurdish language →	closelyRelatedTo
Persian language ("Iranian Persian") → Persian language ("Dari Persian") → Persian language ("Tajik Persian") →	hasDialect
Assamese ("Persian") → Seraiki ("Persian") → Tat language ("Persian") →	hasLexicalInfluenceFrom
Eastern Arabic numerals ("Persian") → Mustafa ("Persian") → Sara ("Persian") →	usedInLanguage
Islamic medicine ("Persian") → Jebrail uezd ("Persian") → Mir Bakhshi ("Persian") →	usedLanguage
Chagatai Turkic → Ottoman Turkish ("Persian") →	hasInfluenceFrom
Sind ("Persian") → Tajiks ("Classical Persian") →	historicalLanguage
Indo-European language family → Indo-Iranian languages ("Persian") →	includesLanguage
David ("Persian") → Michael ("Persian") →	isUsedInLanguage
Bukharan Jews → Judeo-Kermani ("Persian") →	languageFamily
Mumtaz Mahal ("Persian") → Saur Revolution ("Persian") →	languageOfName
Hazaragi → Judeo-Persian →	subclassOf
Mughal dynasty ("Persian") →	administrativeLanguage
Persian language ("Farsi") →	alsoKnownAs
Old Persian ("New Persian (Modern Persian)") →	ancestorOf
Turkic languages ("Persian (lexicon)") →	areInfluencedBy
Google Translate ("Persian") →	availableLanguage
Göklen dialect ("Persian") →	codeSwitchingWith
Ashkun language ("Dari Persian") →	contactLanguage
Uyghur language (historically) ("Persian") →	containsLoanwordsFrom
Greater Iran ("Persian") →	coreLanguage
Western Afghanistan ("Dari Persian") →	dominantLanguage
Aimaqs ("Persian") →	ethnonymLanguage
Ramin ("Middle Persian") →	etymologicalOrigin
pir ("Persian") →	etymologyLanguage
Proto-Indo-European ("Persian") →	hasDescendant
ud-Daulah →	hasEtymologicalOrigin
Pashto language →	hasHistoricalInfluenceFrom
Elizabeth ("Persian") →	hasLanguageOfUse
Persian literature ("Classical Persian") →	hasLanguageStage
Urdu ("Persian") →	hasLexicalBorrowingFrom
Crimean Tatar language →	hasLinguisticInfluenceFrom
Khan →	hasLinguisticOrigin
Roxana →	hasOrigin
Urdu ("Persian") →	hasPhonologicalInfluenceFrom
Konkani ("Persian") →	hasSignificantLoanwordsFrom
Wikiversity ("Persian") →	hasVersionInLanguage
Brahui people →	historicalLanguageContact
Arabic ("Persian") →	influencedLanguage
Nishapur ("Persian") →	languageHistoricallySpoken
Shatt al-Arab ("Persian") →	languageOfAlternativeName
Jahangir ("Persian") →	languageOfCourt
Din-i Ilahi ("Persian") →	languageOfExpression
Iranian rial ("Persian") →	languageOfInscription
University of Tehran ("Persian") →	languageOfInstruction
tanka ("Persian") →	languageOfLegends
Ja'fari school ("Persian") →	languageOfScholarship
mansabdari system ("Persian") →	languageOfTerm
Hazaras ("Dari Persian") →	languageVariantOf
Old Anatolian Turkish ("Persian") →	lexicalBorrowingFrom
Judeo-Tat ("Persian") →	lexicalInfluence
Ottoman Turkish ("Persian") →	lexicalSourceLanguage
Kiunguja ("Persian") →	lexifierInfluence
Aimaqs ("Persian") →	mainLanguage
Tehran ("Persian") →	majorLanguage
Hazaragi ("Iranian Persian") →	mutualIntelligibilityWith
Jajrud River ("Persian") →	nameLanguage
Hafez ("Persian") →	nativeLanguage
Kamviri language ("Dari Persian") →	neighboringLanguage
Iranian Azerbaijan ("Persian") →	officialLanguageOfCountry
Lashkari Zaban →	originatedFromInteractionOf
Tehran dialect →	partOf
Nastaʿlīq →	primaryLanguage
Tat language ("Persian") →	relatedTo
Qashqai →	sharesLexiconWith
Tregami language ("Dari Persian") →	threatenedBy
Arabic alphabet →	usedFor
Turco-Mongol →	usedLanguageFamily
Urdu ("Persian") →	usesAdditionalLettersFrom
Ottoman culture ("Persian") →	usesLanguage
Turkish language ("Persian") →	usesLoanwordsFrom
Ferdowsi ("Persian") →	workLanguage
Persian literature →	writtenInLanguage