holding
P2237
predicate
Indicates that one entity is physically grasping, carrying, or keeping another entity in its possession or control.
Observed surface forms (1)
- keeps ×3
Sample triples (401)
| Subject | Object |
|---|---|
| Schenck v. United States | Conviction under the Espionage Act for distributing anti-draft leaflets during wartime was constitutional ⓘ |
| Schenck v. United States |
Schenck v. United States
self-linksurface differs
ⓘ
surface form:
The First Amendment does not protect speech that creates a clear and present danger of a significant evil that Congress has power to prevent
|
| Shaw v. Reno | Bizarrely shaped, race-based districts may violate the Equal Protection Clause even if they were created to enhance minority voting strength ⓘ |
| Shaw v. Reno | Race cannot be the predominant factor in drawing legislative districts without satisfying strict scrutiny under the Equal Protection Clause ⓘ |
| Shelley v. Kraemer | Judicial enforcement of racially restrictive covenants constitutes state action within the meaning of the Fourteenth Amendment ⓘ |
| Shelley v. Kraemer | State courts may not enforce racially restrictive covenants on real estate ⓘ |
| Sherbert v. Verner | The denial of unemployment benefits to a person who refuses to work on her Sabbath violates the Free Exercise Clause absent a compelling state interest. ⓘ |
| Smith v. Allwright | political party primaries are an integral part of the electoral process and subject to constitutional constraints ⓘ |
|
S. E. Allwright
surface form:
Smith v. Allwright
|
racially exclusive primary elections are unconstitutional ⓘ |
| Smith v. Allwright | racially exclusive primary elections violate the Fifteenth Amendment ⓘ |
| South Dakota v. Dole | Congress may attach conditions on the receipt of federal funds to further broad policy objectives ⓘ |
| South Dakota v. Dole | Congress’s conditioning of a portion of federal highway funds on adoption of a minimum drinking age of 21 is constitutional ⓘ |
| South Dakota v. Dole | The financial inducement offered by Congress was not so coercive as to pass the point at which pressure turns into compulsion ⓘ |
| State of Tennessee v. John Thomas Scopes | Butler Act constitutional but conviction reversed due to improper fine setting ⓘ |
| Steward Machine Co. v. Davis | Congress may tax and spend for the general welfare under Article I, Section 8 ⓘ |
| Steward Machine Co. v. Davis | the challenged provisions did not violate the Tenth Amendment ⓘ |
| Steward Machine Co. v. Davis | the federal unemployment tax scheme did not constitute unconstitutional coercion of the states ⓘ |
|
Steward Machine Company
surface form:
Steward Machine Co. v. Davis
|
upheld key provisions of the Social Security Act ⓘ |
| Steward Machine Co. v. Davis | upheld the unemployment compensation provisions of the Social Security Act ⓘ |
| Supreme Court of New Hampshire v. Piper | A state may not condition bar admission on state residency under the Privileges and Immunities Clause ⓘ |
| Supreme Court of New Hampshire v. Piper | New Hampshire’s residency requirement for bar admission violated the Privileges and Immunities Clause ⓘ |
| Supreme Court of Virginia v. Friedman | A state may not condition bar admission on motion on state residency when the applicant is already admitted elsewhere and otherwise qualified ⓘ |
| Supreme Court of Virginia v. Friedman | Virginia’s residency requirement for bar admission on motion violated the Privileges and Immunities Clause ⓘ |
| Sweatt v. Painter | Separate law school facilities for Black students in Texas were not substantially equal to those for white students. ⓘ |
| Sweatt v. Painter | The Equal Protection Clause requires that Heman Sweatt be admitted to the University of Texas Law School. ⓘ |
| Tanco v. Haslam | Tennessee must recognize the same-sex marriages of the plaintiff couples while the case is pending ⓘ |
| Thomas v. Review Board of the Indiana Employment Security Division | Denial of unemployment benefits to a worker who quit his job because of religious objections to producing armaments violated the Free Exercise Clause of the First Amendment ⓘ |
| Tinker v. Des Moines Independent Community School District | Public school students do not shed their constitutional rights to freedom of speech or expression at the schoolhouse gate ⓘ |
| Tinker v. Des Moines Independent Community School District | Student expression may be regulated only if school officials reasonably forecast that it will materially and substantially disrupt the work and discipline of the school ⓘ |
| Toomer v. Witsell | South Carolina’s discriminatory licensing fees on out-of-state commercial shrimp fishermen violated the Privileges and Immunities Clause ⓘ |
| Toomer v. Witsell | States may not impose discriminatory burdens on nonresidents with respect to fundamental economic activities without substantial justification ⓘ |
| Toomer v. Witsell |
Privileges and Immunities Clause
ⓘ
surface form:
The Privileges and Immunities Clause protects the right of citizens to pursue a common calling in other states on substantially equal terms
|
| Town of Greece v. Galloway | A legislative prayer practice is constitutional if it fits within the tradition upheld in Marsh v. Chambers ⓘ |
| Town of Greece v. Galloway | Opening town board meetings with sectarian prayer does not violate the Establishment Clause ⓘ |
| Trump v. Mazars USA, LLP | Congressional subpoenas for the President’s personal information must be assessed under a heightened separation-of-powers analysis. ⓘ |
| Trump v. Mazars USA, LLP | Courts must balance the legislative interests of Congress against the separation-of-powers concerns raised by subpoenas for the President’s personal records. ⓘ |
| Trump v. Mazars USA, LLP | The House committees had to satisfy a more demanding standard to enforce subpoenas for the President’s personal financial records. ⓘ |
| Trump v. Vance | Article II and the Supremacy Clause do not categorically preclude or require a heightened standard for state criminal subpoenas to a sitting president ⓘ |
| Trump v. Vance | a sitting president is not absolutely immune from state criminal subpoenas ⓘ |
| Trump v. Vance | state grand jury subpoenas for a president’s private papers are not categorically barred ⓘ |
| United Building & Construction Trades Council v. Mayor and Council of Camden | A municipal ordinance favoring city residents in employment on city construction projects is subject to scrutiny under the Privileges and Immunities Clause of Article IV when it burdens out-of-state citizens. ⓘ |
| United Building & Construction Trades Council v. Mayor and Council of Camden | The fact that discrimination is based on municipal, rather than state, residency does not remove it from the scope of the Privileges and Immunities Clause when out-of-state citizens are adversely affected. ⓘ |
| United Public Workers v. Mitchell | Congress may restrict partisan political activities of federal employees without violating the First Amendment. ⓘ |
| United Public Workers v. Mitchell | Federal employees do not have an absolute constitutional right to engage in partisan political management and campaigns. ⓘ |
| United Public Workers v. Mitchell | The Hatch Act’s restrictions on political activities of federal employees are constitutional. ⓘ |
| United States v. Butler | Congress may not use its taxing and spending power to regulate matters reserved to the states ⓘ |
| United States v. Butler | key provisions of the Agricultural Adjustment Act of 1933 were unconstitutional ⓘ |
| United States v. Butler | the Agricultural Adjustment Act’s processing taxes and benefit payments exceeded Congress’s constitutional authority ⓘ |
| United States v. Comstock | Congress has authority under the Necessary and Proper Clause to enact 18 U.S.C. § 4248, permitting civil commitment of mentally ill, sexually dangerous federal prisoners beyond their release date ⓘ |
| United States v. Darby | Congress may prohibit the shipment in interstate commerce of goods produced under substandard labor conditions ⓘ |