Turkish language

E2737

Turkish is a Turkic language primarily spoken in Turkey and Cyprus, known for its vowel harmony, agglutinative grammar, and modern standard form established after Atatürk’s language reforms.

All labels observed (6)

Label Occurrences
Turkish 44
Turkish language canonical 32
Modern Turkish 4

How this entity was disambiguated

Statements (88)

Predicate Object
instanceOf Oghuz language
Turkic language
standard language
approximateNumberOfNativeSpeakers over 75 million
approximateNumberOfTotalSpeakers over 80 million
belongsToLanguageGroup Southwestern Turkic
closelyRelatedTo Azerbaijani language
Azerbaijani language
surface form: Gagauz language

Turkmen language
family Altaic languages (proposed)
surface form: Turkic languages
hasCaseSystem ablative
accusative
dative
genitive
locative
nominative
hasDialect Aegean dialects
Balkan Turkish
Black Sea dialects
Cypriot Turkish
Eastern Anatolian dialects
Istanbul dialect
hasFeature SOV basic word order
agglutinative morphology
evidentiality marking
extensive suffixation
lack of grammatical gender
phonemic vowel length is limited
politeness distinctions in second person pronouns
postpositions instead of prepositions
productive derivational morphology
stress usually on final syllable
vowel harmony
hasNumberSystem plural
singular
hasPhonemeInventory 8 vowels
approximately 21 consonants
hasSignificantSpeakerCommunityIn Austria
Azerbaijan
Belgium
Bulgaria
France
Germany
Iraq
Netherlands
Syria
United Kingdom
hasTenseAspectSystem aorist
future
past
perfect
present
progressive
historicalForm Old Anatolian Turkish
Ottoman Turkish
languageCodeISO639-1 tr
languageCodeISO639-2 tur
languageCodeISO639-3 tur
majorPeriodOfLanguagePurification 20th century
officialLanguageOf Turkey
surface form: Republic of Turkey

Turkish Republic of Northern Cyprus
primaryCountryWhereSpoken Cyprus
Turkey
recognizedMinorityLanguageIn Greece
Iraq
Kosovo
North Macedonia
Cyprus
surface form: Republic of Cyprus

Romania
reform Turkish alphabet
surface form: Atatürk language reforms
reformDate 1928 alphabet reform
regulatingBody Dutch Language Union
surface form: Turkish Language Association
regulatingBodyInTurkish Türk Dil Kurumu
scriptAfterReform Latin-based Turkish alphabet
scriptBeforeReform Ottoman Turkish Arabic script
standardVariety Istanbul Turkish
subfamily Oghuz branch
usedIn Turkish government administration
Turkish literature
Turkish media
education in Turkey
usesLoanwordsFrom Arabic
English
French
Italian
Persian language
surface form: Persian
writingDirection left-to-right
writingSystem Turkish alphabet
surface form: Turkish Latin alphabet

How these facts were elicited

Referenced by (83)

Full triples — surface form annotated when it differs from this entity's canonical label.

Asian Turkey languageMajority Turkish language
this entity surface form: Turkish
Ahmet languageOfUse Turkish language
this entity surface form: Turkish
Old Turkic language ancestorOf Turkish language
this entity surface form: Modern Turkish
İmroz hasCurrentLanguage Turkish language
this entity surface form: Turkish
AMES languageTeaching Turkish language
this entity surface form: Turkish
Badînî hasLexicalInfluenceFrom Turkish language
this entity surface form: Turkish
TLF commandLanguage Turkish language
subject surface form: Turkish Land Forces
this entity surface form: Turkish
Behdini hasLexicalInfluenceFrom Turkish language
this entity surface form: Turkish
Romeyka languageShiftTo Turkish language
this entity surface form: Turkish
Zanian languages historicallyInfluencedBy Turkish language
Azerbaijani diaspora languageUsed Turkish language
Yenimahalle hasOfficialLanguage Turkish language
this entity surface form: Turkish
TurkishLanguageSchools hasPrimaryLanguageOfInstruction Turkish language
this entity surface form: Turkish
TurkishLanguageSchools mayUseLanguageOfAdministration Turkish language
this entity surface form: Turkish
Colchidian languages secondaryContactLanguage Turkish language
this entity surface form: Turkish
Colchidian languages subjectToLanguageShiftTowards Turkish language
this entity surface form: Turkish
Jilu dialect lexicalBorrowingFrom Turkish language
this entity surface form: Turkish
Gawar dialect lexicalInfluence Turkish language
this entity surface form: Turkish
Selçuk languageOfOrigin Turkish language
this entity surface form: Turkish
Manas languageOfUse Turkish language
this entity surface form: Turkish
Turkish Roma languageSpoken Turkish language
this entity surface form: Turkish
Turkish Roma usesLanguage Turkish language
this entity surface form: Turkish
Kamal hasLanguageOfUse Turkish language
this entity surface form: Turkish
Ürgüp officialLanguage Turkish language
this entity surface form: Turkish
Turkish Surname Law officialLanguageRequirement Turkish language
this entity surface form: Turkish
M1 line hasLocale Turkish language
Syrian Turkmen linguisticallyLinkedTo Turkish language
tk (macrolanguage) closelyRelatedTo Turkish language
Turkic aspectology appliesTo Turkish language
Yandex Search availableIn Turkish language
Qashqai language closelyRelatedTo Turkish language
Omer hasOrigin Turkish language