Achaemenid Empire

E13272

Persian Empire ancient empire monarchy

The Achaemenid Empire was an ancient Persian superpower (c. 550–330 BCE) that created one of history’s largest empires, renowned for its administrative sophistication, cultural tolerance, and vast territorial reach from the Balkans to the Indus Valley.

Aliases (22)

Persian Empire ×33
Achaemenid Persian Empire ×10
Achaemenid period ×6
Persian Achaemenid Empire ×5
Achaemenid Persia ×4
Achaemenid Persians ×2
Achaemenid administration ×2
First Persian Empire ×2
Late Achaemenid period ×2
Persian period ×2
Achaemenid Empire (as local leadership after monarchy) ×1
Achaemenid Empire (earlier regional context) ×1
Achaemenid Empire era ×1
Achaemenid Persian ×1
Achaemenid Persian Empire (traditional setting) ×1
Achaemenid dynasty ×1
Achaemenid period Anatolia ×1
Medo-Persian period ×1
Persia ×1
Persian Empire (temporarily during Greco-Persian Wars) ×1
Persian Empire land forces ×1
ancient Persia ×1

Statements (65)

Predicate	Object
instanceOf	Persian Empire → ancient empire → monarchy →
administrativeDivision	satrapy →
capital	Pasargadae → Persepolis → Susa →
continent	Africa → Asia → Europe →
country	Persia →
culturalPolicy	respect for local customs and religions →
currency	daric → siglos →
endTime	330 BCE →
ethnicGroup	Babylonians → Egyptians → Elamites → Greeks → Lydians → Medes → Persians →
followedBy	Empire of Alexander the Great → Macedonian Empire →
foundedBy	Cyrus the Great →
governmentForm	absolute monarchy →
knownFor	administrative sophistication → cultural tolerance → imperial Aramaic as chancery language → large imperial bureaucracy → royal road system → satrapy system → standardized taxation →
lastRuler	Darius III →
majorConflict	Greco-Persian Wars → Ionian Revolt → Second Persian invasion of Greece → Wars of Alexander the Great →
namedAfter	Achaemenes →
notableMonument	Apadana Palace → Gate of All Nations →
notableSite	Persepolis terrace →
officialLanguage	Old Persian →
partOf	Classical antiquity →
precededBy	Median Empire →
religion	Zoroastrianism →
ruler	Artaxerxes I → Artaxerxes II → Artaxerxes III → Cambyses II → Cyrus the Great → Darius I → Xerxes I →
startTime	circa 550 BCE →
territoryExtent	Anatolia → Balkans → Central Asia → Egypt → Indus Valley → Mesopotamia →
transportInfrastructure	Royal Road →
usedLanguage	Babylonian → Elamite → Imperial Aramaic →
writingSystem	Old Persian cuneiform →

Referenced by (188)

Subject (surface form when different)	Predicate
Asian campaign ("Achaemenid Persian Empire") → Battle of Gaugamela → Battle of Issus → Battle of Marathon ("Achaemenid Persian Empire") → Battle of Mycale → Battle of Opis → Battle of Plataea → Battle of Salamis → Battle of Thermopylae → Battle of the Granicus → Corinthian War ("Persian Empire") → Greco-Persian Wars ("Achaemenid Persia") →	belligerent
Aegina ("Persian Empire (temporarily during Greco-Persian Wars)") → Anatolia → Babylon ("Persian Achaemenid Empire") → Bithynia ("Persian Empire") → Canaan ("Persian Achaemenid Empire") → Colchis → Lycia → Lydian Kingdom → Median Empire → Phrygia → Thrace ("Persian Empire") → Thracians →	conqueredBy
Anshan → Haran → Lampsacus → Late Period of Egypt ("First Persian Empire") → Late Period of Egypt → Pamphylia → Pasargadae → Persepolis → Phrygia → Royal Road → Satrapy of Egypt →	partOf
Artaxerxes I of Persia → Atossa → Babylonian exile → Bardiya → Cambyses II → Cassandane → Darius III →	country
Alexandria in Arachosia ("Achaemenid Empire (earlier regional context)") → Gandhara civilization → Ionia ("Achaemenid Persian Empire") → Judea → Tarsus ("Persian Achaemenid Empire") → Teos →	underRuleOf
Battle of Marathon ("Achaemenid Persian Empire") → Battle of Mycale ("Achaemenid Persia") → Battle of Salamis ("Persian Empire") → Battle of Thermopylae ("Persian Empire") →	combatant
Ancyra → Caria → Caria ("Persian Empire") → Susa ("Achaemenid Persians") →	controlledBy
Cyrus the Great → Parysatis II → Roxane → Stateira II →	countryOfCitizenship
Kingdom of Urartu → Median Empire → Neo-Babylonian Empire → Neo-Babylonian Empire ("Persian Empire") →	followedBy
Darius III ("Late Achaemenid period") → Royal Road ("Achaemenid period") → Stateira II ("Late Achaemenid period") → daric ("Achaemenid period") →	historicalPeriod
Haman ("Achaemenid Persian Empire (traditional setting)") → King Ahasuerus ("Achaemenid Empire era") → Nehemiah ("Persian period") → Roxane ("Achaemenid period") →	timePeriod
Achaemenes → Mandane of Media → Persian →	associatedWithEmpire
Cyrus the Great → Cyrus the Great ("First Persian Empire") → Cyrus the Great →	founded
Southwestern Iranian languages ("Persian Empire") → Southwestern Iranian languages → Zoroastrianism →	historicalCenter
Byblos ("Persian Achaemenid Empire") → Sidon → Tyre →	ruledBy
Chalcedon → Clazomenae → Miletus →	underControlOf
Aramaic → Aramaic alphabet ("Achaemenid administration") → Khyber Pass ("Persian Empire") →	usedBy
Persians → Shushan Purim ("Achaemenid Persian Empire") →	associatedEmpire
Battle of Opis → Lysander ("Achaemenid Persia") →	associatedWith
Pasargadae → Susa →	capitalOf
Battle of Gaugamela → Greco-Persian Wars →	conflictBetween
Alexander the Great → Alexander the Great ("Persia") →	conquered
Apadana Palace → Roxane ("Achaemenid Persian") →	culture
Cyrus the Great → Gate of All Nations →	empire
Return to Zion → Return to Zion ("Persian Empire") →	governingPower
Babylonian exile → Fall of Babylon (539 BCE) →	hasParticipant
Athenian navy ("Persian Empire") → Leonidas I →	opponent
Diadochi → Hellenistic kingdoms →	precededBy
Book of Daniel ("Medo-Persian period") → Esther ("Persian Empire") →	setIn
Cyropaedia → Ezra–Nehemiah ("Persian Empire") →	setting
Lydian Kingdom → Medes →	successor
Cambyses I → Median Empire ("Achaemenid Persian Empire") →	successorState
Alcibiades →	allegiance
Erbil ("Persian Empire") →	ancientCivilization
Cyrus Cylinder →	associatedDynasty
Salamis Island ("Achaemenid Persian Empire") →	battleBelligerent
Pelusium →	battleInvolved
Herodotus →	birthPlace
Cassandane →	citizenship
Siege of Tyre →	countryAtTime
Teos →	countryDuringClassicalAntiquity
Alcibiades →	countryOfDeath
daric →	countryOfOrigin
Darius I of Persia →	countryRuled
Lydian ("Achaemenid period Anatolia") →	culturalContext
Assyria ("Persian Empire") →	culturalInfluenceOn
Macedon ("Achaemenid Persian Empire") →	defeated
Hellenica ("Persian Empire") →	describesPolity
Cyrus the Great ("Achaemenid dynasty") →	dynasty
Haman ("Persian Empire") →	employer
Old Persian ("Achaemenid period") →	era
Chaldeans →	eventuallyConqueredBy
Edomite ("Persian period") →	extinctionPeriod
Phoenician civilization →	fellUnderControlOf
Department of Near Eastern Antiquities →	focusesOn
Ancient Near East collection ("Persian Empire") →	focusesOnCivilization
Ur of the Chaldeans →	governedBy
Fall of Babylon (539 BCE) →	hasConqueringEmpire
Middle East and North Africa ("Persian Empire") →	hasHistoricalCivilization
Ancient Mediterranean world ("Persian Empire") →	hasPart
King of Anshan ("Achaemenid Persian Empire") →	hasSuccessorEntity
Palestine →	historicalControlBy
Charsadda ("Achaemenid period") →	historicalEra
Caucasus ("Persian Empire") →	historicallyContestedBy
Greater Iran →	historicallyLinkedTo
Persian Jews →	historicalPresenceInEmpire
Aramaic ("Persian Empire") →	historicalRegion
Medes →	incorporatedInto
Thracians ("Achaemenid Persians") →	interactedWith
Memphis (Egypt) ("Persian Empire") →	laterControl
Arwad →	laterControlledBy
Mesopotamia ("Persian Empire") →	laterInfluenced
Themistocles ("Persian Empire") →	laterLivedIn
Samaria ("Persian Achaemenid Empire") →	laterRuledBy
Royal Road ("Achaemenid administration") →	maintainedBy
Mordechai ("Persian Empire") →	nationalContext
army of Cyrus the Younger →	operatedIn
Athenian army ("Persian Empire land forces") →	opposedTo
Purim ("ancient Persia") →	originLocation
Asian campaign ("Achaemenid Persian Empire") →	overthrew
Susa ("Achaemenid period") →	periodOfFlourishing
Stateira II →	placeOfBirth
Artaxerxes I of Persia ("Persian Empire") →	realm
King Ahasuerus ("Persian Empire") →	reignOver
Zerubbabel ("Persian Empire") →	servedUnder
Megillat Esther ("Persian Empire") →	settingEmpire
Anabasis ("Persian Empire") →	settingPlace
Hamadan →	significantFor
Old Persian →	spokenIn
Corinthian War ("Achaemenid Persia") →	sponsoredBy
King of Judah ("Achaemenid Empire (as local leadership after monarchy)") →	subordinateTo
Joshua son of Jehozadak ("Persian Empire") →	underAuthorityOf
King of Media →	usedByCulture
Elamite →	usedIn
Shahanshah of Persia →	usedInDynasty
Pontus →	wasClientStateOf
Asia Minor →	wasConqueredBy
Iranian plateau →	wasCoreRegionOf
Levant region →	wasPartOf
Herodotus ("Persian Empire") →	workSubject