Mesopotamia

E5874

ancient civilization cultural region historical region

Mesopotamia is an ancient historical region in the eastern Mediterranean, located between the Tigris and Euphrates rivers, often regarded as the cradle of civilization for its early development of writing, cities, and complex societies.

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Observed surface forms (16)

Surface form	Occurrences
Babylonia	33
Fertile Crescent	10
ancient Mesopotamia	9
Ancient Mesopotamia	4
Upper Mesopotamia	2
Babylon	1
Babylonia in late antiquity	1
Iraq (ancient Near East)	1
Mesopotamia (by later tradition)	1
Mesopotamia (modern Iraq)	1
Mesopotamia from Central Asia	1
Mesopotamian Plain	1
Mesopotamian civilizations	1
Mesopotamian lowlands	1
Mesopotamian plain	1
Northern Mesopotamia	1

Statements (59)

Predicate	Object
instanceOf	ancient civilization ⓘ cultural region ⓘ historical region ⓘ
agriculturalTechnique	irrigation canals ⓘ
contains	Akkad ⓘ Assyria ⓘ Babylon ⓘ Babylon ⓘ surface form: Babylonia Nineveh ⓘ Nippur ⓘ Sumer ⓘ Ur ⓘ Uruk ⓘ
developedLegalCode	Code of Hammurabi ⓘ Code of Ur-Nammu ⓘ
developedWritingSystem	cuneiform ⓘ
earliestCivilizations	Akkadian civilization ⓘ Sumer ⓘ surface form: Sumerian civilization
knownAs	cradle of civilization ⓘ
knownFor	astronomy ⓘ city-states ⓘ cuneiform script ⓘ early complex societies ⓘ early development of writing ⓘ early empires ⓘ early literature ⓘ early urbanization ⓘ irrigation agriculture ⓘ law codes ⓘ mathematics ⓘ monumental architecture ⓘ ziggurats ⓘ
laterInfluenced	Greek Antiquity ⓘ surface form: Ancient Greece Ancient Israel ⓘ Achaemenid Empire ⓘ surface form: Persian Empire
locatedBetween	Euphrates ⓘ surface form: Euphrates River Tigris ⓘ surface form: Tigris River
locatedIn	Mesopotamia self-linksurface differs ⓘ surface form: Fertile Crescent Middle East ⓘ surface form: Western Asia
majorDeity	Anu ⓘ Enlil ⓘ Inanna ⓘ Marduk ⓘ
majorRiver	Euphrates ⓘ surface form: Euphrates River Tigris ⓘ surface form: Tigris River
modernTerritoryIncludes	Iran ⓘ Iraq ⓘ Syria ⓘ Turkey ⓘ
partOf	Ancient Near East collection ⓘ surface form: Ancient Near East
politicalStructure	city-state system ⓘ
primaryEconomy	agriculture ⓘ trade ⓘ
producedWork	Epic of Gilgamesh ⓘ
religionType	polytheism ⓘ
scriptType	logophonetic script ⓘ
timePeriodEnd	c. 1st millennium BCE ⓘ
timePeriodStart	c. 4th millennium BCE ⓘ
writingMedium	clay tablets ⓘ

Referenced by (221)

Full triples — surface form annotated when it differs from this entity's canonical label.

Amoraim → activeIn → Mesopotamia ⓘ

this entity surface form: Babylonia

Zagros Mountains → adjacentTo → Mesopotamia ⓘ

this entity surface form: Mesopotamian Plain

Armistice of Mudros → allowedOccupationOf → Mesopotamia ⓘ

Assyrians → ancestralOrigin → Mesopotamia ⓘ

this entity surface form: ancient Mesopotamia

Erbil → ancientCivilization → Mesopotamia ⓘ

this entity surface form: Babylonia

British Iraq Mandate → appliesToTerritory → Mesopotamia ⓘ

Ottoman 6th Army → areaOfOperations → Mesopotamia ⓘ

Al-Furāt → associatedWith → Mesopotamia ⓘ

this entity surface form: Babylonia

Apostle Bartholomew → associatedWith → Mesopotamia ⓘ

Apostle Thaddeus (Jude) → associatedWith → Mesopotamia ⓘ

this entity surface form: Mesopotamia (by later tradition)

Dicle → associatedWith → Mesopotamia ⓘ

this entity surface form: ancient Mesopotamia

Hormuzd Rassam → associatedWith → Mesopotamia ⓘ

East Syriac script → associatedWithRegion → Mesopotamia ⓘ

Arabian Peninsula → borderedBy → Mesopotamia ⓘ

Armenian Highlands → borderedBy → Mesopotamia ⓘ

this entity surface form: Mesopotamian lowlands

Iranian plateau → borderedBy → Mesopotamia ⓘ

this entity surface form: Mesopotamian plain

Syrian Desert → borderedBy → Mesopotamia ⓘ

this entity surface form: Fertile Crescent

Northern Arabia → borders → Mesopotamia ⓘ

daric → circulatedIn → Mesopotamia ⓘ

Code of Hammurabi → civilization → Mesopotamia ⓘ

this entity surface form: Ancient Mesopotamia

Talmud → compiledIn → Mesopotamia ⓘ

this entity surface form: Babylonia

Alexander the Great → conquered → Mesopotamia ⓘ

Belshazzar → country → Mesopotamia ⓘ

this entity surface form: Babylonia

Geonim → country → Mesopotamia ⓘ

this entity surface form: Babylonia

Sefer ha-Galuy → countryOfOrigin → Mesopotamia ⓘ

this entity surface form: Babylonia

Royal Road → crosses → Mesopotamia ⓘ

Ishtar Gate → culturalRegion → Mesopotamia ⓘ

Alexander the Great → deathPlace → Mesopotamia ⓘ

Emperor Gordian III → deathPlace → Mesopotamia ⓘ

subject surface form: Gordian III

Saʿīd ibn Yūsuf al-Fayyūmī → deathPlace → Mesopotamia ⓘ

this entity surface form: Babylonia

works of Herodotus → describesRegion → Mesopotamia ⓘ

subject surface form: Histories

Aggadah → developedIn → Mesopotamia ⓘ

this entity surface form: Babylonia

Hellenistic art → developedIn → Mesopotamia ⓘ

Midrash → developedInRegion → Mesopotamia ⓘ

this entity surface form: Babylonia

Āṯūrāyē → ethnicGroupRegion → Mesopotamia ⓘ

Capra hircus → firstDomesticationRegion → Mesopotamia ⓘ

this entity surface form: Fertile Crescent

Euphrátēs → flowsThroughHistoricalRegion → Mesopotamia ⓘ

Department of Near Eastern Antiquities → focusesOn → Mesopotamia ⓘ

this entity surface form: ancient Mesopotamia

Ancient Near East collection → focusesOnRegion → Mesopotamia ⓘ

British Indian Army 6th (Poona) Division → geographicFocus → Mesopotamia ⓘ

this entity surface form: Mesopotamia (modern Iraq)

Masorah → geographicRegion → Mesopotamia ⓘ

this entity surface form: Babylonia

Early Islamic period → geographicScope → Mesopotamia ⓘ

Jewish diaspora → hasCenter → Mesopotamia ⓘ

this entity surface form: Babylonia in late antiquity

Middle East and North Africa → hasHistoricalCivilization → Mesopotamia ⓘ

Indo-Iranian peoples → hasHistoricalRegion → Mesopotamia ⓘ

Dicle → hasHistoricalSignificanceFor → Mesopotamia ⓘ

this entity surface form: Mesopotamian civilizations

Late Bronze Age → hasLocation → Mesopotamia ⓘ

Neo-Assyrian expansion → hasLocation → Mesopotamia ⓘ

Amoraic period → hasMainLocation → Mesopotamia ⓘ

this entity surface form: Babylonia

Ancient Mediterranean world → hasPart → Mesopotamia ⓘ