Mesopotamia

E5874

ancient civilization cultural region historical region

Mesopotamia is an ancient historical region in the eastern Mediterranean, located between the Tigris and Euphrates rivers, often regarded as the cradle of civilization for its early development of writing, cities, and complex societies.

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Observed surface forms (16)

Surface form	Occurrences
Babylonia	33
Fertile Crescent	10
ancient Mesopotamia	9
Ancient Mesopotamia	4
Upper Mesopotamia	2
Babylon	1
Babylonia in late antiquity	1
Iraq (ancient Near East)	1
Mesopotamia (by later tradition)	1
Mesopotamia (modern Iraq)	1
Mesopotamia from Central Asia	1
Mesopotamian Plain	1
Mesopotamian civilizations	1
Mesopotamian lowlands	1
Mesopotamian plain	1
Northern Mesopotamia	1

Statements (59)

Predicate	Object
instanceOf	ancient civilization ⓘ cultural region ⓘ historical region ⓘ
agriculturalTechnique	irrigation canals ⓘ
contains	Akkad ⓘ Assyria ⓘ Babylon ⓘ Babylon ⓘ surface form: Babylonia Nineveh ⓘ Nippur ⓘ Sumer ⓘ Ur ⓘ Uruk ⓘ
developedLegalCode	Code of Hammurabi ⓘ Code of Ur-Nammu ⓘ
developedWritingSystem	cuneiform ⓘ
earliestCivilizations	Akkadian civilization ⓘ Sumer ⓘ surface form: Sumerian civilization
knownAs	cradle of civilization ⓘ
knownFor	astronomy ⓘ city-states ⓘ cuneiform script ⓘ early complex societies ⓘ early development of writing ⓘ early empires ⓘ early literature ⓘ early urbanization ⓘ irrigation agriculture ⓘ law codes ⓘ mathematics ⓘ monumental architecture ⓘ ziggurats ⓘ
laterInfluenced	Greek Antiquity ⓘ surface form: Ancient Greece Ancient Israel ⓘ Achaemenid Empire ⓘ surface form: Persian Empire
locatedBetween	Euphrates ⓘ surface form: Euphrates River Tigris ⓘ surface form: Tigris River
locatedIn	Mesopotamia self-linksurface differs ⓘ surface form: Fertile Crescent Middle East ⓘ surface form: Western Asia
majorDeity	Anu ⓘ Enlil ⓘ Inanna ⓘ Marduk ⓘ
majorRiver	Euphrates ⓘ surface form: Euphrates River Tigris ⓘ surface form: Tigris River
modernTerritoryIncludes	Iran ⓘ Iraq ⓘ Syria ⓘ Turkey ⓘ
partOf	Ancient Near East collection ⓘ surface form: Ancient Near East
politicalStructure	city-state system ⓘ
primaryEconomy	agriculture ⓘ trade ⓘ
producedWork	Epic of Gilgamesh ⓘ
religionType	polytheism ⓘ
scriptType	logophonetic script ⓘ
timePeriodEnd	c. 1st millennium BCE ⓘ
timePeriodStart	c. 4th millennium BCE ⓘ
writingMedium	clay tablets ⓘ

Referenced by (221)

Full triples — surface form annotated when it differs from this entity's canonical label.

Syriac Rite → hasPrimaryRegion → Mesopotamia ⓘ

Semitic languages → hasRegion → Mesopotamia ⓘ

Epic of Gilgamesh → hasSetting → Mesopotamia ⓘ

Middle East → hasSubregion → Mesopotamia ⓘ

this entity surface form: Fertile Crescent

Charles Vere Ferrers Townshend → hasWorkLocation → Mesopotamia ⓘ

Asiatic lion → historicalRange → Mesopotamia ⓘ

Al-Furāt → historicalRegion → Mesopotamia ⓘ

annals of Tiglath-Pileser III → historicalRegion → Mesopotamia ⓘ

subject surface form: Annals of Tiglath-Pileser III

Aramaic → historicalRegion → Mesopotamia ⓘ

Exilarch David ben Zakkai → historicalRegion → Mesopotamia ⓘ

subject surface form: David ben Zakkai

Dijla → historicalRegion → Mesopotamia ⓘ

Diyala River → historicalRegion → Mesopotamia ⓘ

this entity surface form: Ancient Mesopotamia

Euphrates → historicalRegion → Mesopotamia ⓘ

Greater Zab → historicalRegion → Mesopotamia ⓘ

Iranian peoples → historicalRegion → Mesopotamia ⓘ

Labashi-Marduk → historicalRegion → Mesopotamia ⓘ

Mosul → historicalRegion → Mesopotamia ⓘ

Nabonidus → historicalRegion → Mesopotamia ⓘ

Nebuchadnezzar II → historicalRegion → Mesopotamia ⓘ

Ottoman Empire → historicalRegion → Mesopotamia ⓘ

Sack of Baghdad (1258) → historicalRegion → Mesopotamia ⓘ

Shatt al-Arab → historicalRegion → Mesopotamia ⓘ

Tigris → historicalRegion → Mesopotamia ⓘ

Tigris–Euphrates river system → historicalRegion → Mesopotamia ⓘ

Tikrit → historicalRegion → Mesopotamia ⓘ

Middle East → historicalRegionIncludes → Mesopotamia ⓘ

Syrian Wars → historicalRegionInvolved → Mesopotamia ⓘ

Tigris → historicallyAssociatedWith → Mesopotamia ⓘ

this entity surface form: Babylonia

Middle Eastern theatre of World War I → includedRegion → Mesopotamia ⓘ

Greater Iran → includesRegion → Mesopotamia ⓘ

Labashi-Marduk → kingdom → Mesopotamia ⓘ

this entity surface form: Babylonia

Akkad → locatedIn → Mesopotamia ⓘ

Assyria → locatedIn → Mesopotamia ⓘ

Babylon → locatedIn → Mesopotamia ⓘ

Chaldeans → locatedIn → Mesopotamia ⓘ

Chebar canal → locatedIn → Mesopotamia ⓘ

this entity surface form: Babylonia

Chebar canal → locatedIn → Mesopotamia ⓘ

Hatra → locatedIn → Mesopotamia ⓘ

Kingdom of Kurdistan → locatedIn → Mesopotamia ⓘ

Mesopotamia → locatedIn → Mesopotamia self-linksurface differs ⓘ

this entity surface form: Fertile Crescent

Nehardea → locatedIn → Mesopotamia ⓘ

this entity surface form: Babylonia

Nehardea → locatedIn → Mesopotamia ⓘ

Neo-Babylonian Empire → locatedIn → Mesopotamia ⓘ

this entity surface form: Fertile Crescent

Nippur → locatedIn → Mesopotamia ⓘ

Parthian Empire → locatedIn → Mesopotamia ⓘ

Processional Way of Babylon → locatedIn → Mesopotamia ⓘ

Roman–Parthian War of 161–166 → locatedIn → Mesopotamia ⓘ

Roman–Persian Wars → locatedIn → Mesopotamia ⓘ

School of Edessa → locatedIn → Mesopotamia ⓘ