Babylon

E23692

ancient city city-state former capital

Babylon was an ancient Mesopotamian city-state and imperial capital renowned for its monumental architecture, advanced culture, and central role in Near Eastern history and biblical tradition.

Aliases (13)

Babylonia ×22
Babylonians ×2
Babylon (alternative proposal) ×1
Babylon (in biblical and later literature) ×1
Babylon (probable) ×1
Babylon (traditional assumption, exact site unknown) ×1
Babylonian Empire ×1
Walls of Babylon ×1
ancient Babylon ×1
fortifications of Babylon ×1
outer city of Babylon ×1
ruins of Babylon ×1
the great city Babylon ×1

Statements (55)

Predicate	Object
instanceOf	ancient city → city-state → former capital →
archaeologicalExcavationBy	Robert Koldewey →
associatedWithMyth	Tower of Babel →
associatedWithRuler	Hammurabi → Nabonidus → Nabopolassar → Nebuchadnezzar II →
capitalOf	Babylonian Empire → Neo-Babylonian Empire →
conqueredBy	Alexander the Great → Assyrian Empire → Cyrus the Great → Persian Achaemenid Empire → Sennacherib →
culturalRegion	Babylonia →
declinePeriod	Hellenistic period →
excavationStartYear	1899 →
flourishedDuring	Neo-Babylonian period → reign of Hammurabi →
foundedBy	Amorites →
hasLanguage	Akkadian → Sumerian (scholarly use) →
hasTemple	Esagila temple complex →
hasWritingSystem	cuneiform →
hasZiggurat	Etemenanki →
influenced	Christian eschatology → Jewish thought → later Mesopotamian culture →
knownFor	Ishtar Gate → Processional Way → advanced legal traditions → astronomy and astrology → city walls → literature → mathematics → monumental architecture → religious temples → role in biblical tradition → ziggurats →
locatedIn	Mesopotamia → modern-day Iraq →
locatedNear	Euphrates River →
majorDeity	Marduk →
mentionedIn	Book of Daniel → Book of Jeremiah → Hebrew Bible →
modernSiteNear	Hillah, Iraq →
partOf	ancient Near East →
symbolIn	apocalyptic literature →
symbolizes	oppression and exile in Jewish tradition → pride and hubris in biblical tradition →
UNESCOWorldHeritageInscriptionYear	2019 →
UNESCOWorldHeritageStatus	World Heritage Site →

Referenced by (106)

Subject (surface form when different)	Predicate
Amel-Marduk → Cambyses II → Darius III → Nabonidus → Nabopolassar → Nebuchadnezzar II → Neo-Babylonian Empire → Neriglissar →	capital
Ezra–Nehemiah → Intolerance ("ancient Babylon") → La Princesse de Babylone → Second Isaiah → Song of the Three Holy Youths → Susanna → Zadig →	setting
Alexander the Great → Amel-Marduk → Labashi-Marduk → Nabopolassar → Neriglissar ("Babylon (probable)") → Zedekiah →	deathPlace
Hephaestion → Jehoiachin ("Babylon (traditional assumption, exact site unknown)") → Nabopolassar →	burialPlace
Etemenanki → Ishtar Gate → Processional Way of Babylon →	locatedIn
Coniah → Jehoiachin → Stateira II →	placeOfDeath
Amytis of Media → Ezekiel → Nabonidus →	residence
Jehoiachin → Jekonias → Zedekiah →	takenTo
Chebar canal ("Babylon (alternative proposal)") → Neriglissar →	associatedCity
Chaldeans → Processional Way of Babylon →	associatedWithCity
Nabonidus → Zerubbabel →	associatedWithPlace
Mesopotamia ("Babylonia") → Mesopotamia →	contains
Amel-Marduk → Geonic period ("Babylonia") →	country
Code of Hammurabi ("Babylonia") → Cyrus Cylinder ("Babylonia") →	countryOfOrigin
Coniah → Yekonyah →	exiledTo
Code of Hammurabi → Cyrus Cylinder →	placeOfOrigin
Neo-Babylonian Empire ("ruins of Babylon") →	archaeologicalSite
Amytis of Media →	associatedPlace
Euphrátēs ("Babylonia") →	associatedWithAncientCivilization
Shealtiel →	associatedWithLocation
Alexander IV of Macedon →	birthPlace
Zedekiah →	brokeTreatyWith
Nebuchadnezzar II ("fortifications of Babylon") →	built
Tiglath-Pileser III ("Babylonia") →	campaignAgainst
Amorites →	capitalCity
Zedekiah ("Babylonians") →	capturedBy
Chaldeans →	closelyAssociatedWith
Processional Way of Babylon ("outer city of Babylon") →	connectedTo
Royal Road →	connects
Zion ("Babylon (in biblical and later literature)") →	contrastedWith
Amytis of Media →	countryOfCitizenship
David ben Zakkai ("Babylonia") →	countryOfResidence
Nabopolassar ("Babylonia") →	countryRuled
Babylonian polytheism →	cultCenter
Assyria ("Babylonia") →	culturalInfluenceOn
Babylon ("Babylonia") →	culturalRegion
Jehoiakim →	currencyOfTributeTo
Etemenanki →	dedicatedInCity
Halakha ("Babylonia") →	developedIn
Marduk →	domain
Cyrus the Great ("Babylonia") →	expandedInto
Zedekiah ("Babylonians") →	eyesPutOutBy
Merkavah mysticism ("Babylonia") →	geographicalContext
Belshazzar →	governedFrom
Neriglissar ("Babylonia") →	governedTerritory
Neo-Babylonian Empire ("Babylonia") →	hasPart
Bel and the Dragon →	hasSetting
Iraqi National Museum →	heritageFocus
Jehoiachin →	imprisonedIn
Amarna letters →	includesCorrespondenceWith
Seven Bowls ("the great city Babylon") →	linkedTo
Sippar →	locatedNorthOf
Return to Zion →	locationOfOrigin
Geonic responsa ("Babylonia") →	mainLocation
Belshazzar’s Feast →	narrativeLocation
Neo-Babylonian Empire ("Walls of Babylon") →	notableWork
Emunot ve-Deot ("Babylonia") →	placeOfComposition
Baghdad Geonim ("Babylonia") →	region
Babylonian polytheism ("Babylonia") →	religiousTraditionOf
Hittite Empire ("Babylonia") →	rival
Cambyses II ("Babylonia") →	ruledTerritory
Neo-Babylonian Empire →	significantPlace
Montauk Branch →	terminus
Seleucid Empire ("Babylonia") →	territoryIncludes
Labashi-Marduk →	throneCity
Fall of Babylon (539 BCE) →	tookPlaceIn
Phoenician civilization ("Babylonian Empire") →	tradedWith
Iraq →	UNESCOWorldHeritageSiteWithin
Jehoiakim →	vassalOf
Marduk →	worshipCenter