Hatra

E38526

UNESCO World Heritage Site ancient city archaeological site ruined city

Hatra is an ancient fortified city in northern Iraq, renowned for its well-preserved blend of Hellenistic and Parthian architecture and its role as a major religious and trading center in the early centuries CE.

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All labels observed (2)

Label	Occurrences
Hatra canonical	8
Hatra archaeological site	1

Statements (82)

Predicate	Object
instanceOf	UNESCO World Heritage Site ⓘ ancient city ⓘ archaeological site ⓘ ruined city ⓘ
abandonedInPeriod	3rd century CE ⓘ
architecturalFeature	colonnaded streets ⓘ temple enclosures ⓘ thick defensive walls ⓘ towers and bastions ⓘ vaulted iwans ⓘ
area	approximately 2 km in diameter ⓘ
country	Iraq ⓘ
culturalSignificance	evidence of religious syncretism in Mesopotamia ⓘ example of Parthian art and architecture ⓘ
damagedBy	Islamic State of Iraq and Syria ⓘ surface form: Islamic State of Iraq and the Levant
destroyedBy	Sasanian Empire ⓘ Shapur I ⓘ
destroyedInYear	241 ⓘ
encircledBy	inner wall ⓘ moat ⓘ outer wall ⓘ
flourishedInPeriod	1st century CE ⓘ 2nd century CE ⓘ early 3rd century CE ⓘ
foundedInPeriod	3rd century BCE ⓘ
governedByTitle	mry (lord) of Hatra ⓘ
hasStructure	Great Temple of Hatra ⓘ city wall with multiple gates ⓘ temple of Shamash ⓘ
heritageDesignation	UNESCO World Heritage Site ⓘ
heritageStatus	List of World Heritage in Danger ⓘ surface form: World Heritage in Danger
inscriptionLanguage	Eastern Aramaic ⓘ surface form: Hatran Aramaic
inscriptionType	dedicatory inscriptions ⓘ royal inscriptions ⓘ
knownFor	Hellenistic architecture ⓘ Parthian architecture ⓘ blend of Hellenistic and Eastern architectural styles ⓘ massive defensive walls ⓘ religious significance ⓘ role as a trading center ⓘ temples and sanctuaries ⓘ well-preserved ruins ⓘ
languageUsed	Aramaic ⓘ
locatedIn	Al-Jazira region ⓘ Mesopotamia ⓘ Nineveh Governorate ⓘ Syrian Desert ⓘ Parthian Empire ⓘ surface form: ancient Parthian Empire northern Iraq ⓘ
locatedNear	Mosul ⓘ Tigris ⓘ surface form: Tigris River
mainDeityVenerated	Shamash ⓘ
modernProtectionStatus	archaeological park ⓘ
otherDeityVenerated	Allat ⓘ Atargatis ⓘ Greek and Mesopotamian deities ⓘ Nergal ⓘ
partOf	Parthian cultural sphere ⓘ Roman–Parthian frontier zone ⓘ
politicalStatus	client state of the Parthian Empire ⓘ semi-independent city-state ⓘ
regionType	oasis city ⓘ
religion	polytheism ⓘ
resistedSiegeBy	Roman Empire ⓘ Septimius Severus ⓘ Trajan ⓘ
scriptUsed	Nabataean alphabet ⓘ surface form: Hatran Aramaic script
servedAs	religious center ⓘ trading hub ⓘ
threatenedBy	armed conflict ⓘ iconoclasm ⓘ looting ⓘ
timeZone	UTC+3 ⓘ
tradeRouteRole	link between Roman and Parthian territories ⓘ node on caravan routes between Mesopotamia and Syria ⓘ
UNESCOWorldHeritageSiteCriteria	(ii) ⓘ (iii) ⓘ (iv) ⓘ
UNESCOWorldHeritageSiteId	277 ⓘ
UNESCOWorldHeritageSiteInscriptionYear	1985 ⓘ
UNESCOWorldHeritageSiteRegion	Arab world ⓘ surface form: Arab States
WorldHeritageInDangerInscriptionYear	2015 ⓘ

Referenced by (9)

Full triples — surface form annotated when it differs from this entity's canonical label.

Iraq → UNESCOWorldHeritageSiteWithin → Hatra ⓘ

Nineveh Governorate → hasMajorTown → Hatra ⓘ

Nineveh Governorate → containsArchaeologicalSite → Hatra ⓘ

Roman–Parthian frontier zone → hasKeyCity → Hatra ⓘ

Great Temple of Hatra → locatedIn → Hatra ⓘ

temple of Shamash → locatedIn → Hatra ⓘ

subject surface form: Temple of Shamash at Hatra

temple of Shamash → partOf → Hatra ⓘ

subject surface form: Temple of Shamash at Hatra

this entity surface form: Hatra archaeological site

temple of Shamash → UNESCOWorldHeritageSite → Hatra ⓘ

subject surface form: Temple of Shamash at Hatra

temple of Shamash → sacredCity → Hatra ⓘ

subject surface form: Temple of Shamash at Hatra