Cumans

E72529

Kipchak Turkic language Turkic people historical ethnic group medieval battle nomadic people

The Cumans were a nomadic Turkic people of the Eurasian steppe who played a significant role in medieval Eastern European politics and warfare before being largely displaced or assimilated following the Mongol expansion.

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All labels observed (3)

Label	Occurrences
Cumans canonical	22
Kipchaks	5
Cumans (Kipchaks)	1

Statements (74)

Predicate	Object
instanceOf	Kipchak Turkic language ⓘ Turkic people ⓘ historical ethnic group ⓘ medieval battle ⓘ nomadic people ⓘ
alliedWith	Kievan Rus at the Battle of the Kalka River ⓘ
alsoKnownAs	Comani ⓘ Falben ⓘ Cumans ⓘ surface form: Kipchaks Kun ⓘ Polovtsians ⓘ Polovtsy ⓘ
assimilatedInto	Bulgarians ⓘ Hungarians ⓘ Romanians ⓘ Russians ⓘ Tatars ⓘ
causeOfMigration	Mongol conquests ⓘ surface form: Mongol expansion
conflictWith	Byzantine Empire ⓘ Kyivan Rus ⓘ surface form: Kievan Rus Kingdom of Hungary ⓘ Mongol Empire ⓘ
date	1223 ⓘ
defeatedAt	Battle of the Kalka River ⓘ
documentedIn	Byzantine sources ⓘ Latin medieval sources ⓘ Rus' chronicles ⓘ surface form: Rus chronicles
economy	horse breeding ⓘ pastoral nomadism ⓘ
ethnicGroupOf	Eurasian Steppe ⓘ surface form: Eurasian steppe Eurasian Steppe ⓘ surface form: Kipchak steppe Pontic–Caspian steppe ⓘ
influenced	military tactics of Eastern Europe ⓘ
languageFamily	Turkic languages ⓘ
laterReligion	Eastern Christianity ⓘ Islam ⓘ Roman Catholicism ⓘ
legacy	Cuman loanwords in Hungarian ⓘ Cuman loanwords in Romanian ⓘ Cumania region in medieval Hungary ⓘ place names in Bulgaria ⓘ place names in Hungary ⓘ place names in Romania ⓘ
migratedTo	Bulgaria ⓘ Byzantine Empire ⓘ Golden Horde territories ⓘ Kingdom of Hungary ⓘ
militarySpecialization	light cavalry ⓘ
militaryTactics	mounted archery ⓘ
partOf	Cuman–Kipchak confederation ⓘ
politicalRole	allies of the Kingdom of Hungary ⓘ enemies of Kievan Rus principalities ⓘ mercenaries in Byzantine service ⓘ mercenaries in Georgian service ⓘ military allies of Kievan Rus principalities ⓘ participants in conflicts in the Balkans ⓘ participants in conflicts in the Caucasus ⓘ steppe confederation ⓘ
region	Crimea ⓘ Eurasian Steppe ⓘ surface form: Eurasian steppe southern Pannonian Plain ⓘ surface form: Hungarian Plain Danube ⓘ surface form: Lower Danube Volga region ⓘ north of the Black Sea ⓘ north of the Caspian Sea ⓘ
relatedEthnicGroup	Cumans self-linksurface differs ⓘ surface form: Kipchaks Oghuz ⓘ surface form: Oghuz Turks Pechenegs ⓘ
religion	Tengrism ⓘ
socialStructure	tribal confederation ⓘ
spoke	Cuman language ⓘ
timePeriod	11th century ⓘ 12th century ⓘ 13th century ⓘ

Referenced by (28)

Full triples — surface form annotated when it differs from this entity's canonical label.

Mongol invasions of Europe → hasParticipant → Cumans ⓘ

David IV of Georgia → alliance → Cumans ⓘ

this entity surface form: Cumans (Kipchaks)

Eurasian Steppe → inhabitedBy → Cumans ⓘ

Northern Crimea → historicallyInhabitedBy → Cumans ⓘ