Mongol invasions of Europe
E15014
The Mongol invasions of Europe were a series of 13th-century military campaigns in which Mongol armies devastated and conquered large parts of Eastern and Central Europe, profoundly impacting the region’s political and social landscape.
Aliases (18)
- Mongol invasion of Europe ×6
- Mongol invasion of Eastern Europe ×5
- Mongol invasion of Kievan Rus' ×5
- Mongol invasion of Rus' ×2
- Mongol invasions ×2
- Mongol conquest of Eastern Europe ×1
- Mongol conquest of the Kievan principalities ×1
- Mongol invasion of Central Europe ×1
- Mongol invasion of Hungary ×1
- Mongol invasion of Rus ×1
- Mongol invasions of Eastern Europe ×1
- Mongol invasions of Rus' ×1
- Mongol raids into Austria ×1
- Mongol raids into Bulgaria ×1
- Mongol raids into Dalmatia ×1
- Mongol–European wars ×1
- Tatar invasions of Europe ×1
- later Mongol invasion of Kievan Rus' (1237–1240) ×1
Statements (85)
| Predicate | Object |
|---|---|
| instanceOf |
historical event
→
invasion → military campaign → |
| alsoKnownAs |
Mongol invasion of Europe
→
Tatar invasions of Europe → |
| cause |
strategic pursuit of fleeing Cumans
→
westward expansion of the Mongol Empire → |
| consequence |
construction of stone fortifications in Central Europe
→
diplomatic missions between European powers and the Mongol Empire → increased fear of steppe nomad incursions in Europe → military reforms in Hungary → political fragmentation of Kievan Rus' → rise of the Grand Duchy of Moscow under Mongol overlordship → |
| describedBySource |
Chinese chronicles
→
European chronicles → Persian chronicles → Rus' chronicles → |
| endCause |
succession crisis in the Mongol Empire
→
|
| endTime |
late 13th century
→
|
| hasPart |
Battle of Legnica
→
Battle of Mohi → Battle of the Kalka River → Mongol invasion of Hungary → Mongol invasion of Kievan Rus' → Mongol invasion of Poland → Mongol raids into Bulgaria → Mongol raids into Dalmatia → Mongol raids into Lithuania → Siege of Kiev (1240) → |
| hasParticipant |
Bohemia
→
Bulgaria → Byzantine Empire → Croatia → Cumans → Holy Roman Empire → Kievan Rus' → Kingdom of Hungary → Kingdom of Poland → Lithuanian tribes → Mongol Empire → Serbia → Teutonic Order → Transylvania → Wallachia → |
| historicalPeriod |
High Middle Ages
→
|
| location |
Bohemia
→
Bulgaria → Central Europe → Croatia → Dalmatia → Eastern Europe → Germany → Hungary → Kievan Rus' → Lithuania → Moravia → Poland → Romania → Silesia → |
| longTermImpact |
integration of Eastern Europe into Eurasian trade networks under Mongol influence
→
shift of regional power toward Moscow and Lithuania → |
| notableCommander |
Batu Khan
→
Kadan → Orda Khan → Subutai → Ögedei Khan → |
| opponentCommander |
Béla IV of Hungary
→
Daniel of Galicia → Henry II the Pious → Leszek II the Black → Wenceslaus I of Bohemia → |
| partOf |
Mongol conquests
→
expansion of the Mongol Empire → |
| primaryBelligerent |
Golden Horde
→
|
| religiousContext |
conflict between largely pagan or shamanist Mongols and Christian Europe
→
|
| result |
destruction of numerous cities and settlements
→
devastation of large parts of Eastern Europe → establishment of the Golden Horde over the western steppe → mass population losses in invaded regions → subjugation of many Rus' principalities → temporary Mongol occupation of Hungary → tributary status of many Eastern European states to the Mongols → |
| significantEvent |
withdrawal of Mongol armies after the death of Ögedei Khan
→
|
| startTime |
1220s
→
13th century → |
Referenced by (36)
| Subject (surface form when different) | Predicate |
|---|---|
|
Battle of Legnica
("Mongol invasion of Europe")
→
Battle of Mohi ("Mongol invasion of Europe") → Battle of the Kalka River → Mongol invasion of Poland ("Mongol invasion of Europe") → Mongol invasion of Poland ("Mongol–European wars") → Siege of Kiev (1240) ("Mongol invasion of Kievan Rus'") → Siege of Kiev (1240) ("Mongol conquest of Eastern Europe") → |
partOf |
|
Mongol conquests
("Mongol conquest of the Kievan principalities")
→
Mongol invasions of Europe ("Mongol invasion of Kievan Rus'") → Mongol invasions of Europe ("Mongol invasion of Hungary") → Mongol invasions of Europe ("Mongol raids into Dalmatia") → Mongol invasions of Europe ("Mongol raids into Bulgaria") → |
hasPart |
|
Subutai
("Mongol invasion of Rus'")
→
Subutai ("Mongol invasion of Eastern Europe") → Ögedei Khan ("Mongol invasion of Eastern Europe") → |
notableCampaign |
|
Kadan
("Mongol invasion of Central Europe")
→
Kadan ("Mongol invasion of Eastern Europe") → Wenceslaus I of Bohemia ("Mongol invasion of Europe") → |
participatedIn |
|
Mongol invasions of Europe
("Mongol invasion of Europe")
→
Mongol invasions of Europe ("Tatar invasions of Europe") → |
alsoKnownAs |
|
Danylo of Halych
("Mongol invasions of Eastern Europe")
→
Siege of Kiev (1240) ("Mongol invasion of Europe") → |
conflict |
|
Batu Khan
("Mongol invasion of Eastern Europe")
→
Batu Khan ("Mongol invasion of Kievan Rus'") → |
notableWork |
|
Subutai
→
|
associatedWith |
|
Kyivan Rus
("Mongol invasion of Rus")
→
|
causeOfEnd |
|
Battle of the Kalka River
("Mongol invasion of Kievan Rus'")
→
|
conflictType |
|
Uplistsikhe
("Mongol invasions")
→
|
declineReason |
|
Grand Duchy of Vladimir
("Mongol invasion of Rus'")
→
|
event |
|
Kingdom of Galicia–Volhynia
("Mongol invasions of Rus'")
→
|
experienced |
|
Battle of the Kalka River
("later Mongol invasion of Kievan Rus' (1237–1240)")
→
|
followedBy |
|
Battle of Mohi
("Mongol invasions")
→
|
historicalEra |
|
Middle Ages
→
|
includesEvent |
|
Golden Horde
("Mongol invasion of Kievan Rus'")
→
|
notableEvent |
|
Orda Khan
("Mongol invasion of Eastern Europe")
→
|
participantIn |
|
Battle of Mohi
("Mongol raids into Austria")
→
|
precedes |