Reed v. Reed
E17496
Reed v. Reed is a landmark 1971 U.S. Supreme Court case that for the first time struck down a law for discriminating on the basis of sex under the Equal Protection Clause of the Fourteenth Amendment.
All labels observed (4)
| Label | Occurrences |
|---|---|
| Reed v. Reed canonical | 5 |
| Reed v. Reed (1971) | 1 |
| Reed v. Reed, 404 U.S. 71 (1971) | 1 |
| Reed v. Reed, 93 Idaho 511, 465 P.2d 635 (1970) | 1 |
How this entity was disambiguated
This entity first appeared as the object of triple T79076 — resolving that mention is where its identity was fixed. The disambiguator weighed these candidate entities and picked the highlighted one (or “None”, minting a new entity). This is how homonymy is resolved: the same surface form can point to different entities.
NED1
Entity disambiguation (via context triple)
gpt-5-mini-2025-08-07
Target entity: Reed v. Reed Context triple: [United States v. Virginia (1996) majority opinion, cites, Reed v. Reed]
-
A.
Obergefell v. Hodges
Obergefell v. Hodges is the landmark 2015 U.S. Supreme Court decision that legalized same-sex marriage nationwide by ruling that same-sex couples have a constitutional right to marry.
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B.
Craig v. Boren
Craig v. Boren is a 1976 U.S. Supreme Court case that established intermediate scrutiny as the standard for evaluating gender-based classifications under the Equal Protection Clause.
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C.
Doe v. Bolton
Doe v. Bolton is a 1973 U.S. Supreme Court decision that, alongside Roe v. Wade, expanded and defined the scope of abortion rights by striking down restrictive state regulations.
-
D.
Roe v. Wade
Roe v. Wade was a landmark 1973 U.S. Supreme Court decision that recognized a constitutional right to abortion, profoundly shaping American law and politics until it was overturned in 2022.
-
E.
Employment Division v. Smith
Employment Division v. Smith is a landmark 1990 U.S. Supreme Court decision that significantly narrowed protections for religious practices under the Free Exercise Clause by upholding the enforcement of neutral, generally applicable laws even when they incidentally burden religion.
- F. None of above. chosen
- G. Unsure - the case is ambiguous/there is not enough information to decide.
NED2
Entity disambiguation (via description)
gpt-5-mini-2025-08-07
Target entity: Reed v. Reed Target entity description: Reed v. Reed is a landmark 1971 U.S. Supreme Court case that for the first time struck down a law for discriminating on the basis of sex under the Equal Protection Clause of the Fourteenth Amendment.
-
A.
Obergefell v. Hodges
Obergefell v. Hodges is the landmark 2015 U.S. Supreme Court decision that legalized same-sex marriage nationwide by ruling that same-sex couples have a constitutional right to marry.
-
B.
Craig v. Boren
Craig v. Boren is a 1976 U.S. Supreme Court case that established intermediate scrutiny as the standard for evaluating gender-based classifications under the Equal Protection Clause.
-
C.
Doe v. Bolton
Doe v. Bolton is a 1973 U.S. Supreme Court decision that, alongside Roe v. Wade, expanded and defined the scope of abortion rights by striking down restrictive state regulations.
-
D.
Roe v. Wade
Roe v. Wade was a landmark 1973 U.S. Supreme Court decision that recognized a constitutional right to abortion, profoundly shaping American law and politics until it was overturned in 2022.
-
E.
Employment Division v. Smith
Employment Division v. Smith is a landmark 1990 U.S. Supreme Court decision that significantly narrowed protections for religious practices under the Free Exercise Clause by upholding the enforcement of neutral, generally applicable laws even when they incidentally burden religion.
- F. None of above. chosen
Statements (47)
| Predicate | Object |
|---|---|
| instanceOf |
United States Supreme Court case
ⓘ
equal protection case ⓘ landmark case ⓘ sex discrimination case ⓘ |
| appliedStandardOfReview | rational basis review ⓘ |
| areaOfLaw |
civil rights
ⓘ
constitutional law ⓘ gender equality ⓘ |
| argued |
1971-10-19
ⓘ
1971-10-20 ⓘ |
| barredPractice | automatic statutory preference for males over females in estate administration ⓘ |
| category |
United States Supreme Court cases of the Burger Court
ⓘ
United States equal protection case law ⓘ United States gender discrimination case law ⓘ |
| chiefJusticeAtDecision | Warren E. Burger ⓘ |
| citation | 404 U.S. 71 ⓘ |
| constitutionalProvisionInterpreted |
Equal Protection Clause
ⓘ
surface form:
Equal Protection Clause of the Fourteenth Amendment to the United States Constitution
|
| country |
United States of America
ⓘ
surface form:
United States
|
| court | Supreme Court of the United States ⓘ |
| decisionDate | 1971-11-22 ⓘ |
| decisionType | per curiam-like majority opinion authored by the Chief Justice ⓘ |
| fullCaseName | Sally Reed v. Cecil Reed ⓘ |
| holding |
A law that prefers men over women as estate administrators violates the Equal Protection Clause of the Fourteenth Amendment
ⓘ
Classifications based on sex must have a rational relationship to a legitimate state objective under the Equal Protection Clause ⓘ |
| impact | paved the way for heightened scrutiny of gender classifications ⓘ |
| issue | Whether a state statute that automatically prefers men over women as estate administrators violates equal protection ⓘ |
| jurisdiction |
United States of America
ⓘ
surface form:
United States
|
| languageOfOpinion | English ⓘ |
| lawChallenged | Idaho probate code provision preferring men over women as estate administrators ⓘ |
| legalDoctrine | equal protection scrutiny of sex-based classifications ⓘ |
| opinionOfTheCourtBy | Warren E. Burger ⓘ |
| originatingCourt | Idaho Supreme Court ⓘ |
| pageInUnitedStatesReports | 71 ⓘ |
| petitioner | Sally Reed ⓘ |
| priorHistory |
Reed v. Reed
self-linksurface differs
ⓘ
surface form:
Reed v. Reed, 93 Idaho 511, 465 P.2d 635 (1970)
|
| rejectedJustification | administrative convenience as a basis for sex-based classification ⓘ |
| relatedCase |
Craig v. Boren
ⓘ
Frontiero v. Richardson ⓘ United States v. Virginia (1996) majority opinion ⓘ
surface form:
United States v. Virginia
|
| respondent | Cecil Reed ⓘ |
| significance | first United States Supreme Court case to strike down a law for sex discrimination under the Equal Protection Clause ⓘ |
| stateOfOrigin | Idaho ⓘ |
| subjectMatter | administration of a deceased minor son's estate ⓘ |
| term | 1971 term of the Supreme Court of the United States ⓘ |
| unanimousDecision | true ⓘ |
| volumeOfUnitedStatesReports | 404 ⓘ |
| yearDecided | 1971 ⓘ |
How these facts were elicited
The pipeline generated the facts above by prompting gpt-5.1 with this entity's name + description and the instruction below.
Instruction
You are a knowledge base construction expert. Given a subject entity and a description of it, return factual statements that you know for the subject as a JSON list of dictionaries(triples), where keys must be "subject", "predicate" and "object". The number of facts may be very high, between 25 to 50 or more, for very popular subjects. For less popular subjects, the number of facts can be very low, like 5 or 10. # Requirements - If you don't know the subject at all, return an empty list. - If the subject is not a named entity, return an empty list. - Include at least one triple where predicate is "instanceOf". - Do not get too wordy. - Separate several objects into multiple triples with one object.
Input
Subject: Reed v. Reed Description of subject: Reed v. Reed is a landmark 1971 U.S. Supreme Court case that for the first time struck down a law for discriminating on the basis of sex under the Equal Protection Clause of the Fourteenth Amendment.
Referenced by (8)
Full triples — surface form annotated when it differs from this entity's canonical label.
this entity surface form:
Reed v. Reed, 93 Idaho 511, 465 P.2d 635 (1970)
this entity surface form:
Reed v. Reed (1971)
this entity surface form:
Reed v. Reed, 404 U.S. 71 (1971)