Proto-Germanic
E16289
Proto-Germanic is the reconstructed common ancestor of all Germanic languages, including English, German, and the Norse languages.
Aliases (4)
Statements (55)
| Predicate | Object |
|---|---|
| instanceOf |
Indo-European language
→
proto-language → reconstructed language → |
| alsoKnownAs |
Common Germanic
→
|
| ancestorOf |
Afrikaans
→
Dutch → East Germanic languages → English → Frisian languages → German → Gothic → North Germanic languages → Old English → Old Frisian → Old High German → Old Norse → Old Norse languages → Old Saxon → West Germanic languages → Yiddish → |
| childOf |
Proto-Indo-European
→
|
| hasFeature |
Grimm's law
→
Verner's law → ablaut → accusative case → case system → dative case → dual number (partially preserved) → feminine gender → genitive case → masculine gender → neuter gender → nominative case → rich consonant system → stress on root syllable → strong verbs → three grammatical genders → weak verbs → |
| ISOStatus |
no ISO 639 code (reconstructed language)
→
|
| languageFamily |
Indo-European
→
|
| reconstructedFrom |
Germanic languages
→
Gothic texts → Old English texts → Old Norse texts → comparative method → |
| region |
Northern Europe
→
northern Germany → southern Scandinavia → |
| studiedIn |
Germanic philology
→
historical linguistics → |
| subfamilyOf |
Indo-European languages
→
|
| timePeriod |
developed into distinct Germanic languages by the first centuries CE
→
spoken in the first millennium BCE → |
| writingSystem |
no direct attestation
→
reconstructed phonological system → |
Referenced by (17)
| Subject (surface form when different) | Predicate |
|---|---|
|
Norse
→
Norse ("Proto-Indo-European") → North Germanic languages ("Proto-Germanic language") → Northumbrian → Proto-West Germanic → |
developedFrom |
|
Grimm's law
→
Verner's law → |
appliesTo |
|
Old High German
→
Proto-Norse → |
predecessor |
|
Old Gutnish
→
|
ancestor |
|
Proto-Norse
("Proto-Germanic phonology")
→
|
derivedFrom |
|
Old Dutch
→
|
follows |
|
Lombardic
→
|
hasAncestor |
|
Old Norse phonology
("Proto‑Germanic")
→
|
hasAncestorLanguage |
|
Proto-Indo-European
→
|
hasDescendant |
|
Tyr
→
|
nameOriginLanguage |
|
Proto-West Germanic
→
|
subdivisionOf |