Proto-West Germanic

E23970

Proto-West Germanic is the reconstructed common ancestor of the West Germanic languages, including early forms of English, Frisian, Dutch, and German.


Statements (45)
Predicate Object
instanceOf West Germanic language
proto-language
reconstructed language
ancestorOf Afrikaans
Dutch
English
Frisian (partially)
surface form: "Frisian languages"

German
Low German
Old Dutch
Old English
Old Frisian
Old High German
Old Saxon
Scots
Yiddish
attestedIn reconstructed form only
developedFeature West Germanic consonant gemination
distinctive strong and weak verb classes
four or more noun cases
i-mutation
three grammatical genders in some descendants
two grammatical genders in some descendants
developedFrom Proto-Germanic
hasAlternativeName Proto-West Germanic
surface form: "Common West Germanic"

Pre-Old English–Old Saxon–Old High German stage
hasDescendantBranch Anglo-Frisian dialects
surface form: "Anglo-Frisian languages"

High German languages
Low Franconian languages
Low German
surface form: "Low German languages"
hasReconstructionStatus not directly attested
lexicalAncestorOf basic English vocabulary such as "father"
basic English vocabulary such as "house"
basic English vocabulary such as "stone"
basic English vocabulary such as "water"
partOf Germanic languages
Indo-European language family
surface form: "Indo-European languages"
phonologicalAncestorOf /f/ ~ /v/ alternations in English and German
reconstructedBy comparative method
region northwestern Europe
studiedIn Germanic philology
historical linguistics
subdivisionOf Proto-Germanic
timeDepth early 1st millennium CE
writingSystem none

Referenced by (4)

Full triples — surface form annotated when it differs from this entity's canonical label.

Anglo-Frisian dialects developedFrom Proto-West Germanic
Old Dutch follows Proto-West Germanic
this entity surface form: "Proto-West-Germanic"
Proto-West Germanic hasAlternativeName Proto-West Germanic
this entity surface form: "Common West Germanic"
Lombardic hasAncestor Proto-West Germanic
this entity surface form: "Proto-West-Germanic"

Please wait…