Garcia v. San Antonio Metropolitan Transit Authority
E13963
Garcia v. San Antonio Metropolitan Transit Authority is a 1985 U.S. Supreme Court decision that held Congress can apply federal wage and hour laws to state and local governments under the Commerce Clause, significantly limiting Tenth Amendment-based constraints on federal power.
All labels observed (2)
| Label | Occurrences |
|---|---|
| Garcia v. San Antonio Metropolitan Transit Authority canonical | 8 |
| Garcia v. San Antonio Metropolitan Transit Authority, 469 U.S. 528 (1985) | 2 |
How this entity was disambiguated
This entity first appeared as the object of triple T125903 — resolving that mention is where its identity was fixed. The disambiguator weighed these candidate entities and picked the highlighted one (or “None”, minting a new entity). This is how homonymy is resolved: the same surface form can point to different entities.
Target entity: Garcia v. San Antonio Metropolitan Transit Authority Context triple: [Tenth Amendment to the United States Constitution, keyCase, Garcia v. San Antonio Metropolitan Transit Authority]
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A.
San Antonio Independent School District v. Rodriguez
San Antonio Independent School District v. Rodriguez is a landmark 1973 U.S. Supreme Court case in which the Court held that education is not a fundamental right under the Constitution, upholding school funding systems based on local property taxes.
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B.
Briggs v. Elliott
Briggs v. Elliott was a landmark federal court case from South Carolina challenging racial segregation in public schools, and it became one of the key cases consolidated into Brown v. Board of Education.
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C.
Fulton v. City of Philadelphia
Fulton v. City of Philadelphia is a 2021 U.S. Supreme Court case in which the Court unanimously ruled that Philadelphia violated a Catholic foster care agency’s religious freedom by excluding it from the foster program over its refusal to certify same-sex couples.
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D.
Church of the Lukumi Babalu Aye v. City of Hialeah
Church of the Lukumi Babalu Aye v. City of Hialeah is a 1993 U.S. Supreme Court case that struck down city ordinances targeting Santería animal sacrifice and clarified that laws burdening religious practice must be neutral and generally applicable under the Free Exercise Clause.
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E.
Bolling v. Sharpe
Bolling v. Sharpe is a 1954 U.S. Supreme Court case that held racial segregation in Washington, D.C. public schools unconstitutional under the Fifth Amendment’s Due Process Clause.
- F. None of above. chosen
- G. Unsure - the case is ambiguous/there is not enough information to decide.
Target entity: Garcia v. San Antonio Metropolitan Transit Authority Target entity description: Garcia v. San Antonio Metropolitan Transit Authority is a 1985 U.S. Supreme Court decision that held Congress can apply federal wage and hour laws to state and local governments under the Commerce Clause, significantly limiting Tenth Amendment-based constraints on federal power.
-
A.
San Antonio Independent School District v. Rodriguez
San Antonio Independent School District v. Rodriguez is a landmark 1973 U.S. Supreme Court case in which the Court held that education is not a fundamental right under the Constitution, upholding school funding systems based on local property taxes.
-
B.
Briggs v. Elliott
Briggs v. Elliott was a landmark federal court case from South Carolina challenging racial segregation in public schools, and it became one of the key cases consolidated into Brown v. Board of Education.
-
C.
Fulton v. City of Philadelphia
Fulton v. City of Philadelphia is a 2021 U.S. Supreme Court case in which the Court unanimously ruled that Philadelphia violated a Catholic foster care agency’s religious freedom by excluding it from the foster program over its refusal to certify same-sex couples.
-
D.
Church of the Lukumi Babalu Aye v. City of Hialeah
Church of the Lukumi Babalu Aye v. City of Hialeah is a 1993 U.S. Supreme Court case that struck down city ordinances targeting Santería animal sacrifice and clarified that laws burdening religious practice must be neutral and generally applicable under the Free Exercise Clause.
-
E.
Bolling v. Sharpe
Bolling v. Sharpe is a 1954 U.S. Supreme Court case that held racial segregation in Washington, D.C. public schools unconstitutional under the Fifth Amendment’s Due Process Clause.
- F. None of above. chosen
Statements (45)
| Predicate | Object |
|---|---|
| instanceOf |
U.S. Supreme Court case
ⓘ
federalism case ⓘ landmark decision ⓘ |
| areaOfLaw |
constitutional law
ⓘ
federalism ⓘ labor and employment law ⓘ |
| citation | 469 U.S. 528 ⓘ |
| constitutionalProvisionInterpreted |
Commerce Clause
ⓘ
Tenth Amendment to the United States Constitution ⓘ
surface form:
Tenth Amendment
|
| courtTerm | 1984 Term of the U.S. Supreme Court ⓘ |
| decidedBy | Supreme Court of the United States ⓘ |
| decisionDate | 1985-02-19 ⓘ |
| decisionType | 5–4 decision ⓘ |
| dissentingOpinionBy |
Byron R. White
ⓘ
surface form:
Justice Byron R. White
Sandra Day O’Connor ⓘ
surface form:
Justice Sandra Day O’Connor
Warren E. Burger ⓘ
surface form:
Justice Warren E. Burger
William H. Rehnquist ⓘ
surface form:
Justice William H. Rehnquist
|
| docketNumber | 82-1913 ⓘ |
| effectOnFederalismDoctrine | narrowed Tenth Amendment-based limits on Congress’s Commerce Clause power ⓘ |
| effectOnStates | subjected state and local government employees to federal minimum wage and overtime requirements ⓘ |
| fullName |
Garcia v. San Antonio Metropolitan Transit Authority
self-linksurface differs
ⓘ
surface form:
Garcia v. San Antonio Metropolitan Transit Authority, 469 U.S. 528 (1985)
|
| geographicContext |
San Antonio
ⓘ
surface form:
San Antonio, Texas
|
| holding |
Congress may apply the Fair Labor Standards Act’s wage and hour provisions to employees of state and local governments under the Commerce Clause
ⓘ
the Tenth Amendment does not bar application of the Fair Labor Standards Act to a municipally owned and operated mass transit system ⓘ |
| impact | expanded congressional authority to regulate state and local governmental activities under the Commerce Clause ⓘ |
| joinedMajority |
John Paul Stevens
ⓘ
surface form:
Justice John Paul Stevens
Lewis F. Powell Jr. ⓘ
surface form:
Justice Lewis F. Powell Jr.
Thurgood Marshall ⓘ
surface form:
Justice Thurgood Marshall
William J. Brennan Jr. ⓘ
surface form:
Justice William J. Brennan Jr.
|
| jurisdiction | United States federal law ⓘ |
| legalIssue |
Tenth Amendment limits on federal power
ⓘ
application of Fair Labor Standards Act to state and local governments ⓘ scope of Congress’s power under the Commerce Clause ⓘ |
| majorityOpinionBy |
Harry A. Blackmun
ⓘ
surface form:
Justice Harry A. Blackmun
|
| overruledCase | National League of Cities v. Usery ⓘ |
| overruledPrecedent |
National League of Cities v. Usery
ⓘ
surface form:
National League of Cities v. Usery, 426 U.S. 833 (1976)
|
| pageInUnitedStatesReports | 528 ⓘ |
| petitioner | Joe G. Garcia ⓘ |
| precedentStatus | good law as to overruling National League of Cities v. Usery ⓘ |
| relatedConcept |
political safeguards of federalism
ⓘ
state sovereign interests ⓘ |
| respondent | San Antonio Metropolitan Transit Authority ⓘ |
| statuteInterpreted | Fair Labor Standards Act ⓘ |
| subjectMatter | coverage of a municipally operated mass transit system under federal wage and hour law ⓘ |
| volumeInUnitedStatesReports | 469 ⓘ |
How these facts were elicited
The pipeline generated the facts above by prompting gpt-5.1 with this entity's name + description and the instruction below.
You are a knowledge base construction expert. Given a subject entity and a description of it, return factual statements that you know for the subject as a JSON list of dictionaries(triples), where keys must be "subject", "predicate" and "object". The number of facts may be very high, between 25 to 50 or more, for very popular subjects. For less popular subjects, the number of facts can be very low, like 5 or 10. # Requirements - If you don't know the subject at all, return an empty list. - If the subject is not a named entity, return an empty list. - Include at least one triple where predicate is "instanceOf". - Do not get too wordy. - Separate several objects into multiple triples with one object.
Subject: Garcia v. San Antonio Metropolitan Transit Authority Description of subject: Garcia v. San Antonio Metropolitan Transit Authority is a 1985 U.S. Supreme Court decision that held Congress can apply federal wage and hour laws to state and local governments under the Commerce Clause, significantly limiting Tenth Amendment-based constraints on federal power.
Referenced by (10)
Full triples — surface form annotated when it differs from this entity's canonical label.