Maryland v. Wirtz
E90303
Maryland v. Wirtz was a 1968 U.S. Supreme Court case that upheld the extension of federal minimum wage and overtime provisions to employees of state-operated schools and hospitals under the Fair Labor Standards Act.
All labels observed (1)
| Label | Occurrences |
|---|---|
| Maryland v. Wirtz canonical | 3 |
How this entity was disambiguated
This entity first appeared as the object of triple T752677 — resolving that mention is where its identity was fixed. The disambiguator weighed these candidate entities and picked the highlighted one (or “None”, minting a new entity). This is how homonymy is resolved: the same surface form can point to different entities.
NED1
Entity disambiguation (via context triple)
gpt-5-mini-2025-08-07
Target entity: Maryland v. Wirtz Context triple: [National League of Cities v. Usery, relatedCase, Maryland v. Wirtz]
-
A.
Gebhart v. Belton
Gebhart v. Belton was a landmark Delaware school segregation case whose rulings in favor of Black students became one of the four consolidated cases decided in Brown v. Board of Education, contributing to the Supreme Court’s rejection of “separate but equal” in public education.
-
B.
Van Orden v. Perry
Van Orden v. Perry is a 2005 U.S. Supreme Court case that upheld the constitutionality of a Ten Commandments monument on Texas State Capitol grounds against an Establishment Clause challenge.
-
C.
Brandenburg v. Ohio
Brandenburg v. Ohio is a 1969 U.S. Supreme Court decision that significantly strengthened free speech protections by establishing the "imminent lawless action" test for when advocacy of violence can be punished under the First Amendment.
-
D.
Murdock v. Pennsylvania
Murdock v. Pennsylvania is a 1943 U.S. Supreme Court case that held it unconstitutional to impose a license tax on the distribution of religious literature, reinforcing First Amendment protections for religious proselytizing.
-
E.
Alabama v. Shelton
Alabama v. Shelton is a 2002 U.S. Supreme Court case that held a suspended sentence that may result in imprisonment cannot be imposed unless the defendant was afforded the right to counsel.
- F. None of above. chosen
- G. Unsure - the case is ambiguous/there is not enough information to decide.
NED2
Entity disambiguation (via description)
gpt-5-mini-2025-08-07
Target entity: Maryland v. Wirtz Target entity description: Maryland v. Wirtz was a 1968 U.S. Supreme Court case that upheld the extension of federal minimum wage and overtime provisions to employees of state-operated schools and hospitals under the Fair Labor Standards Act.
-
A.
Gebhart v. Belton
Gebhart v. Belton was a landmark Delaware school segregation case whose rulings in favor of Black students became one of the four consolidated cases decided in Brown v. Board of Education, contributing to the Supreme Court’s rejection of “separate but equal” in public education.
-
B.
Van Orden v. Perry
Van Orden v. Perry is a 2005 U.S. Supreme Court case that upheld the constitutionality of a Ten Commandments monument on Texas State Capitol grounds against an Establishment Clause challenge.
-
C.
Brandenburg v. Ohio
Brandenburg v. Ohio is a 1969 U.S. Supreme Court decision that significantly strengthened free speech protections by establishing the "imminent lawless action" test for when advocacy of violence can be punished under the First Amendment.
-
D.
Murdock v. Pennsylvania
Murdock v. Pennsylvania is a 1943 U.S. Supreme Court case that held it unconstitutional to impose a license tax on the distribution of religious literature, reinforcing First Amendment protections for religious proselytizing.
-
E.
Alabama v. Shelton
Alabama v. Shelton is a 2002 U.S. Supreme Court case that held a suspended sentence that may result in imprisonment cannot be imposed unless the defendant was afforded the right to counsel.
- F. None of above. chosen
Statements (44)
| Predicate | Object |
|---|---|
| instanceOf |
United States Supreme Court case
ⓘ
federal court case ⓘ |
| affectedEntity |
state-operated hospitals
ⓘ
state-operated schools ⓘ |
| areaOfLaw |
constitutional law
ⓘ
federalism ⓘ labor law ⓘ |
| citation | 392 U.S. 183 ⓘ |
| constitutionalProvisionInvolved |
Commerce Clause
ⓘ
surface form:
Commerce Clause of the United States Constitution
Tenth Amendment to the United States Constitution ⓘ |
| country |
United States of America
ⓘ
surface form:
United States
|
| court | Supreme Court of the United States ⓘ |
| decisionDate | 1968 ⓘ |
| decisionDirection | upheld federal power ⓘ |
| enforcedProvision |
federal minimum wage requirements
ⓘ
federal overtime pay requirements ⓘ |
| fullCaseName | Maryland v. Wirtz self-link ⓘ |
| holding |
Congress could extend Fair Labor Standards Act coverage to employees of state-operated schools and hospitals under the Commerce Clause
ⓘ
federal minimum wage and overtime provisions validly applied to certain state employees ⓘ |
| impact | expanded coverage of Fair Labor Standards Act to public sector employees in education and health institutions ⓘ |
| jurisdiction |
United States of America
ⓘ
surface form:
United States
|
| laterLimitedBy | National League of Cities v. Usery ⓘ |
| laterRelatedCase | Garcia v. San Antonio Metropolitan Transit Authority ⓘ |
| legalIssue |
application of federal minimum wage and overtime to state employees
ⓘ
constitutionality of Fair Labor Standards Act amendments ⓘ scope of the Commerce Clause ⓘ |
| majorityOpinionBy |
John M. Harlan II
ⓘ
surface form:
Justice John Marshall Harlan II
|
| partyTypePetitioner | state government ⓘ |
| partyTypeRespondent | federal executive official ⓘ |
| petitioner |
Maryland
ⓘ
surface form:
State of Maryland
|
| precedentFor | broad interpretation of congressional commerce power over state activities ⓘ |
| reasoning | employment in state-operated schools and hospitals substantially affects interstate commerce ⓘ |
| respondent |
United States Secretary of Labor
ⓘ
surface form:
Wirtz, Secretary of Labor of the United States
|
| result | Fair Labor Standards Act amendments upheld as applied to state-operated schools and hospitals ⓘ |
| statuteInvolved |
Fair Labor Standards Act
ⓘ
Fair Labor Standards Amendments of 1966 ⓘ
surface form:
Fair Labor Standards Act Amendments of 1966
|
| subjectMatter | application of federal labor standards to state governments ⓘ |
| tenthAmendmentClaim | states argued federal regulation infringed reserved powers ⓘ |
| tenthAmendmentHolding | Court rejected Tenth Amendment challenge to FLSA coverage in this context ⓘ |
| topic |
federal regulation of state employment
ⓘ
minimum wage ⓘ overtime pay ⓘ |
| vote | 7-2 ⓘ |
| yearArgued | 1968 ⓘ |
How these facts were elicited
The pipeline generated the facts above by prompting gpt-5.1 with this entity's name + description and the instruction below.
Instruction
You are a knowledge base construction expert. Given a subject entity and a description of it, return factual statements that you know for the subject as a JSON list of dictionaries(triples), where keys must be "subject", "predicate" and "object". The number of facts may be very high, between 25 to 50 or more, for very popular subjects. For less popular subjects, the number of facts can be very low, like 5 or 10. # Requirements - If you don't know the subject at all, return an empty list. - If the subject is not a named entity, return an empty list. - Include at least one triple where predicate is "instanceOf". - Do not get too wordy. - Separate several objects into multiple triples with one object.
Input
Subject: Maryland v. Wirtz Description of subject: Maryland v. Wirtz was a 1968 U.S. Supreme Court case that upheld the extension of federal minimum wage and overtime provisions to employees of state-operated schools and hospitals under the Fair Labor Standards Act.
Referenced by (3)
Full triples — surface form annotated when it differs from this entity's canonical label.