Mesopotamia

E5874

ancient civilization cultural region historical region

Mesopotamia is an ancient historical region in the eastern Mediterranean, located between the Tigris and Euphrates rivers, often regarded as the cradle of civilization for its early development of writing, cities, and complex societies.

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Observed surface forms (16)

Surface form	Occurrences
Babylonia	33
Fertile Crescent	10
ancient Mesopotamia	9
Ancient Mesopotamia	4
Upper Mesopotamia	2
Babylon	1
Babylonia in late antiquity	1
Iraq (ancient Near East)	1
Mesopotamia (by later tradition)	1
Mesopotamia (modern Iraq)	1
Mesopotamia from Central Asia	1
Mesopotamian Plain	1
Mesopotamian civilizations	1
Mesopotamian lowlands	1
Mesopotamian plain	1
Northern Mesopotamia	1

Statements (59)

Predicate	Object
instanceOf	ancient civilization ⓘ cultural region ⓘ historical region ⓘ
agriculturalTechnique	irrigation canals ⓘ
contains	Akkad ⓘ Assyria ⓘ Babylon ⓘ Babylon ⓘ surface form: Babylonia Nineveh ⓘ Nippur ⓘ Sumer ⓘ Ur ⓘ Uruk ⓘ
developedLegalCode	Code of Hammurabi ⓘ Code of Ur-Nammu ⓘ
developedWritingSystem	cuneiform ⓘ
earliestCivilizations	Akkadian civilization ⓘ Sumer ⓘ surface form: Sumerian civilization
knownAs	cradle of civilization ⓘ
knownFor	astronomy ⓘ city-states ⓘ cuneiform script ⓘ early complex societies ⓘ early development of writing ⓘ early empires ⓘ early literature ⓘ early urbanization ⓘ irrigation agriculture ⓘ law codes ⓘ mathematics ⓘ monumental architecture ⓘ ziggurats ⓘ
laterInfluenced	Greek Antiquity ⓘ surface form: Ancient Greece Ancient Israel ⓘ Achaemenid Empire ⓘ surface form: Persian Empire
locatedBetween	Euphrates ⓘ surface form: Euphrates River Tigris ⓘ surface form: Tigris River
locatedIn	Mesopotamia self-linksurface differs ⓘ surface form: Fertile Crescent Middle East ⓘ surface form: Western Asia
majorDeity	Anu ⓘ Enlil ⓘ Inanna ⓘ Marduk ⓘ
majorRiver	Euphrates ⓘ surface form: Euphrates River Tigris ⓘ surface form: Tigris River
modernTerritoryIncludes	Iran ⓘ Iraq ⓘ Syria ⓘ Turkey ⓘ
partOf	Ancient Near East collection ⓘ surface form: Ancient Near East
politicalStructure	city-state system ⓘ
primaryEconomy	agriculture ⓘ trade ⓘ
producedWork	Epic of Gilgamesh ⓘ
religionType	polytheism ⓘ
scriptType	logophonetic script ⓘ
timePeriodEnd	c. 1st millennium BCE ⓘ
timePeriodStart	c. 4th millennium BCE ⓘ
writingMedium	clay tablets ⓘ

Referenced by (221)

Full triples — surface form annotated when it differs from this entity's canonical label.

Cyrus Cylinder → placeOfOrigin → Mesopotamia ⓘ

Manichaeism → placeOfOrigin → Mesopotamia ⓘ

Tafsir of the Torah → placeOfOrigin → Mesopotamia ⓘ

this entity surface form: Babylonia

Babylonian polytheism → practicedIn → Mesopotamia ⓘ

this entity surface form: Babylonia

British Indian Army 6th (Poona) Division → primaryFront → Mesopotamia ⓘ

Chaldean Catholic Church → primaryRegion → Mesopotamia ⓘ

Hülegü Khan → realm → Mesopotamia ⓘ

Akkadian → region → Mesopotamia ⓘ

this entity surface form: Iraq (ancient Near East)

Amorites → region → Mesopotamia ⓘ

Battle of the Zab → region → Mesopotamia ⓘ

Buyid dynasty → region → Mesopotamia ⓘ

Capture of Baghdad (1917) → region → Mesopotamia ⓘ

Chaldean Neo-Aramaic → region → Mesopotamia ⓘ

Exilarch David ben Zakkai → region → Mesopotamia ⓘ

subject surface form: David ben Zakkai

this entity surface form: Babylonia

Diyala River → region → Mesopotamia ⓘ

Estrangela script → region → Mesopotamia ⓘ

Inanna → region → Mesopotamia ⓘ

King of the Universe → region → Mesopotamia ⓘ

Kufa → region → Mesopotamia ⓘ

Mesopotamian Arabic → region → Mesopotamia ⓘ

Nabopolassar → region → Mesopotamia ⓘ

Narsai → region → Mesopotamia ⓘ

Peshitta → region → Mesopotamia ⓘ

Samarra → region → Mesopotamia ⓘ

Syriac → region → Mesopotamia ⓘ

this entity surface form: Upper Mesopotamia

Syriac → region → Mesopotamia ⓘ

this entity surface form: Northern Mesopotamia

St. Isaac the Syrian → regionAssociatedWith → Mesopotamia ⓘ

Seven Wonders of the Ancient World → regionCovered → Mesopotamia ⓘ

Jacob of Serugh → regionOfActivity → Mesopotamia ⓘ

Nader Shah → regionOfInfluence → Mesopotamia ⓘ

King of the Four Corners of the World → regionOfOrigin → Mesopotamia ⓘ

Kufic script → regionOfOrigin → Mesopotamia ⓘ

Amel-Marduk → regionRuled → Mesopotamia ⓘ

Antiochus IV Epiphanes → regionRuled → Mesopotamia ⓘ

Artaxerxes I of Persia → regionRuled → Mesopotamia ⓘ

King of Persia → regionRuled → Mesopotamia ⓘ

subject surface form: Cyrus the Great

Neriglissar → regionRuled → Mesopotamia ⓘ

Saadia Gaon → residence → Mesopotamia ⓘ

this entity surface form: Babylonia

Timur → ruledRegion → Mesopotamia ⓘ

Iranian plateau → separates → Mesopotamia ⓘ

this entity surface form: Mesopotamia from Central Asia

Manchester Regiment → servedInTheatre → Mesopotamia ⓘ

Anabasis → settingPlace → Mesopotamia ⓘ

Northwest Semitic → spokenIn → Mesopotamia ⓘ

Tigris–Euphrates river system → supportedCivilization → Mesopotamia ⓘ

this entity surface form: Ancient Mesopotamia

Sasanian Empire → territory → Mesopotamia ⓘ

Achaemenid Empire → territoryExtent → Mesopotamia ⓘ

Hellenistic kingdoms → territoryIncludes → Mesopotamia ⓘ

Islamic Caliphates → territoryIncludes → Mesopotamia ⓘ