Korematsu v. United States (dissent)
E80672
Korematsu v. United States (dissent) is Justice Robert H. Jackson’s famous Supreme Court opinion condemning the wartime internment of Japanese Americans and warning against validating racial discrimination under the Constitution.
All labels observed (2)
| Label | Occurrences |
|---|---|
| Korematsu v. United States (dissent) canonical | 1 |
| Korematsu v. United States (majority and later criticism) | 1 |
How this entity was disambiguated
This entity first appeared as the object of triple T645907 — resolving that mention is where its identity was fixed. The disambiguator weighed these candidate entities and picked the highlighted one (or “None”, minting a new entity). This is how homonymy is resolved: the same surface form can point to different entities.
NED1
Entity disambiguation (via context triple)
gpt-5-mini-2025-08-07
Target entity: Korematsu v. United States (dissent) Context triple: [Robert H. Jackson, notableWork, Korematsu v. United States (dissent)]
-
A.
Yamashita v. Styer
Yamashita v. Styer is a landmark 1946 U.S. Supreme Court case that upheld the conviction of Japanese General Tomoyuki Yamashita and established the controversial "command responsibility" doctrine in international law.
-
B.
INS v. Chadha
INS v. Chadha is a landmark 1983 U.S. Supreme Court case that struck down the legislative veto as unconstitutional, significantly reshaping the balance of power between Congress and the executive branch.
-
C.
Bolling v. Sharpe
Bolling v. Sharpe is a 1954 U.S. Supreme Court case that held racial segregation in Washington, D.C. public schools unconstitutional under the Fifth Amendment’s Due Process Clause.
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D.
Chiafalo v. Washington
Chiafalo v. Washington is a 2020 U.S. Supreme Court case that unanimously upheld states’ authority to penalize or replace “faithless electors” who do not vote in line with their state’s popular vote in presidential elections.
-
E.
Printz v. United States
Printz v. United States is a 1997 U.S. Supreme Court decision that limited federal power by holding that Congress cannot compel state or local officials to implement federal regulatory programs.
- F. None of above. chosen
- G. Unsure - the case is ambiguous/there is not enough information to decide.
NED2
Entity disambiguation (via description)
gpt-5-mini-2025-08-07
Target entity: Korematsu v. United States (dissent) Target entity description: Korematsu v. United States (dissent) is Justice Robert H. Jackson’s famous Supreme Court opinion condemning the wartime internment of Japanese Americans and warning against validating racial discrimination under the Constitution.
-
A.
Yamashita v. Styer
Yamashita v. Styer is a landmark 1946 U.S. Supreme Court case that upheld the conviction of Japanese General Tomoyuki Yamashita and established the controversial "command responsibility" doctrine in international law.
-
B.
INS v. Chadha
INS v. Chadha is a landmark 1983 U.S. Supreme Court case that struck down the legislative veto as unconstitutional, significantly reshaping the balance of power between Congress and the executive branch.
-
C.
Bolling v. Sharpe
Bolling v. Sharpe is a 1954 U.S. Supreme Court case that held racial segregation in Washington, D.C. public schools unconstitutional under the Fifth Amendment’s Due Process Clause.
-
D.
Chiafalo v. Washington
Chiafalo v. Washington is a 2020 U.S. Supreme Court case that unanimously upheld states’ authority to penalize or replace “faithless electors” who do not vote in line with their state’s popular vote in presidential elections.
-
E.
Printz v. United States
Printz v. United States is a 1997 U.S. Supreme Court decision that limited federal power by holding that Congress cannot compel state or local officials to implement federal regulatory programs.
- F. None of above. chosen
Statements (47)
| Predicate | Object |
|---|---|
| instanceOf | Supreme Court dissenting opinion ⓘ |
| argues |
courts should not accept unfounded military claims to justify racial discrimination
ⓘ
guilt is personal and cannot be attributed to a racial group ⓘ |
| author | Robert H. Jackson ⓘ |
| citedIn |
judicial opinions criticizing Korematsu v. United States
ⓘ
later civil liberties scholarship ⓘ |
| condemns | wartime internment of Japanese Americans ⓘ |
| constitutionalProvisionDiscussed |
Fifth Amendment to the United States Constitution
ⓘ
surface form:
Fifth Amendment
war powers of the federal government ⓘ |
| contrastsWith | majority’s acceptance of military judgment ⓘ |
| country |
United States of America
ⓘ
surface form:
United States
|
| court | Supreme Court of the United States ⓘ |
| criticizes |
mass internment without individualized suspicion
ⓘ
military exclusion orders based on race ⓘ |
| date | 1944 ⓘ |
| emphasizes |
danger of precedent legitimizing racial discrimination
ⓘ
importance of constitutional limits in wartime ⓘ |
| famousPassage |
“a loaded weapon ready for the hand of any authority that can bring forward a plausible claim of an urgent need”
ⓘ
“the Court for all time has validated the principle of racial discrimination in criminal procedure and of transplanting American citizens” ⓘ |
| field |
civil liberties
ⓘ
civil rights law ⓘ constitutional law ⓘ |
| historicalSignificance |
influential statement against racial classifications in constitutional law
ⓘ
landmark critique of judicial deference in wartime ⓘ |
| involvesParty | Fred Korematsu ⓘ |
| judgeRoleOfAuthor | Associate Justice of the Supreme Court of the United States ⓘ |
| jurisdiction |
United States of America
ⓘ
surface form:
United States
|
| language | English ⓘ |
| legalIssue |
civil liberties during wartime
ⓘ
constitutional rights ⓘ racial discrimination ⓘ wartime internment of Japanese Americans ⓘ |
| legalPhilosophyExpressed |
skepticism of unchecked executive and military power
ⓘ
strong protection of individual rights against group-based punishment ⓘ |
| opinionType | individual dissent ⓘ |
| opposesHoldingOf |
Korematsu v. United States
ⓘ
surface form:
Korematsu v. United States (majority opinion)
|
| partOfCase | Korematsu v. United States ⓘ |
| positionInCase | dissent ⓘ |
| publicationForm | United States Reports opinion ⓘ |
| relatedTo |
Japanese American internment
ⓘ
World War II home front ⓘ judicial review of military decisions ⓘ |
| timeContext | World War II ⓘ |
| viewsInternmentAs | unconstitutional racial discrimination ⓘ |
| viewsMilitaryJudgmentsAs | subject to judicial review ⓘ |
| warnsAgainst |
creating a loaded weapon for future misuse of military necessity
ⓘ
validating racial discrimination under the Constitution ⓘ |
How these facts were elicited
The pipeline generated the facts above by prompting gpt-5.1 with this entity's name + description and the instruction below.
Instruction
You are a knowledge base construction expert. Given a subject entity and a description of it, return factual statements that you know for the subject as a JSON list of dictionaries(triples), where keys must be "subject", "predicate" and "object". The number of facts may be very high, between 25 to 50 or more, for very popular subjects. For less popular subjects, the number of facts can be very low, like 5 or 10. # Requirements - If you don't know the subject at all, return an empty list. - If the subject is not a named entity, return an empty list. - Include at least one triple where predicate is "instanceOf". - Do not get too wordy. - Separate several objects into multiple triples with one object.
Input
Subject: Korematsu v. United States (dissent) Description of subject: Korematsu v. United States (dissent) is Justice Robert H. Jackson’s famous Supreme Court opinion condemning the wartime internment of Japanese Americans and warning against validating racial discrimination under the Constitution.
Referenced by (2)
Full triples — surface form annotated when it differs from this entity's canonical label.
this entity surface form:
Korematsu v. United States (majority and later criticism)