Ordovician Period
E90440
The Ordovician Period was a Paleozoic era interval marked by extensive marine biodiversity, the diversification of early vertebrates and invertebrates, and ending with one of Earth's major mass extinction events.
All labels observed (5)
| Label | Occurrences |
|---|---|
| Ordovician Period canonical | 10 |
| Ordovician period | 9 |
| Ordovician | 6 |
| Early Ordovician | 1 |
| Ordovician as a separate geological period between Cambrian and Silurian | 1 |
How this entity was disambiguated
This entity first appeared as the object of triple T657890 — resolving that mention is where its identity was fixed. The disambiguator weighed these candidate entities and picked the highlighted one (or “None”, minting a new entity). This is how homonymy is resolved: the same surface form can point to different entities.
NED1
Entity disambiguation (via context triple)
gpt-5-mini-2025-08-07
Target entity: Ordovician Period Context triple: [Phanerozoic Eon, contains, Ordovician Period]
-
A.
Cambrian Period
The Cambrian Period was an early division of geologic time marked by a rapid diversification of life known as the "Cambrian explosion," during which most major animal groups first appeared in the fossil record.
-
B.
Silurian
The Silurian is a geologic period of the Paleozoic Era, roughly 443 to 419 million years ago, marked by the stabilization of Earth’s climate, widespread shallow seas, and significant diversification of early marine life and the first land plants.
-
C.
Paleozoic Era
The Paleozoic Era was an ancient geologic time interval, spanning roughly 541 to 252 million years ago, marked by the emergence and diversification of complex life in the seas and on land and the assembly of major continental landmasses.
-
D.
Early Devonian
The Early Devonian was the initial subdivision of the Devonian Period, marked by the diversification of early fishes and the spread of primitive vascular land plants across emerging terrestrial ecosystems.
-
E.
Carboniferous period
The Carboniferous period was a Paleozoic era interval, roughly 359 to 299 million years ago, characterized by extensive swampy forests that formed vast coal deposits and by the diversification of early amphibians and insects.
- F. None of above. chosen
- G. Unsure - the case is ambiguous/there is not enough information to decide.
NED2
Entity disambiguation (via description)
gpt-5-mini-2025-08-07
Target entity: Ordovician Period Target entity description: The Ordovician Period was a Paleozoic era interval marked by extensive marine biodiversity, the diversification of early vertebrates and invertebrates, and ending with one of Earth's major mass extinction events.
-
A.
Cambrian Period
The Cambrian Period was an early division of geologic time marked by a rapid diversification of life known as the "Cambrian explosion," during which most major animal groups first appeared in the fossil record.
-
B.
Silurian
The Silurian is a geologic period of the Paleozoic Era, roughly 443 to 419 million years ago, marked by the stabilization of Earth’s climate, widespread shallow seas, and significant diversification of early marine life and the first land plants.
-
C.
Paleozoic Era
The Paleozoic Era was an ancient geologic time interval, spanning roughly 541 to 252 million years ago, marked by the emergence and diversification of complex life in the seas and on land and the assembly of major continental landmasses.
-
D.
Early Devonian
The Early Devonian was the initial subdivision of the Devonian Period, marked by the diversification of early fishes and the spread of primitive vascular land plants across emerging terrestrial ecosystems.
-
E.
Carboniferous period
The Carboniferous period was a Paleozoic era interval, roughly 359 to 299 million years ago, characterized by extensive swampy forests that formed vast coal deposits and by the diversification of early amphibians and insects.
- F. None of above. chosen
Statements (49)
| Predicate | Object |
|---|---|
| instanceOf |
Paleozoic period
ⓘ
geological period ⓘ |
| characterizedBy |
Great Ordovician Biodiversification Event
ⓘ
abundant brachiopods ⓘ abundant bryozoans ⓘ abundant crinoids ⓘ abundant trilobites ⓘ diversification of early vertebrates ⓘ diversification of marine invertebrates ⓘ expansion of shallow epicontinental seas ⓘ extensive graptolite faunas ⓘ first coral reefs ⓘ first evidence of terrestrial fungi ⓘ first land plants ⓘ high marine biodiversity ⓘ widespread carbonate platforms ⓘ |
| climate |
cooling trend in Late Ordovician
ⓘ
generally warm greenhouse climate in early and middle Ordovician ⓘ |
| definedBy | International Commission on Stratigraphy ⓘ |
| duration | about 41.6 million years ⓘ |
| end | approximately 443.8 million years ago ⓘ |
| endedWith | Late Ordovician mass extinction ⓘ |
| follows | Cambrian Period ⓘ |
| GSSPBaseDefinedBy | first appearance of conodont Iapetognathus fluctivagus ⓘ |
| GSSPTopDefinedBy | first appearance of graptolite Akidograptus ascensus ⓘ |
| majorContinent |
Baltica
ⓘ
Gondwana ⓘ Laurentia ⓘ Siberia ⓘ |
| massExtinctionCauses |
glaciation on Gondwana
ⓘ
global cooling ⓘ sea-level fall ⓘ |
| massExtinctionSeverity | one of the largest mass extinctions in Earth history ⓘ |
| namedAfter |
Celtic tribes
ⓘ
surface form:
Ordovices (ancient Welsh tribe)
|
| notableLifeForm |
conodonts
ⓘ
jawless vertebrates (agnathans) ⓘ nautiloid cephalopods ⓘ planktonic graptolites ⓘ rugose corals ⓘ tabulate corals ⓘ |
| paleogeography |
Gondwana located near the South Pole
ⓘ
Laurentia ⓘ
surface form:
Laurentia near the equator
|
| partOf | Paleozoic Era ⓘ |
| precedes |
Silurian
ⓘ
surface form:
Silurian Period
|
| start | approximately 485.4 million years ago ⓘ |
| stratotypeRegion | Ordovician region of Wales ⓘ |
| subdividedInto |
Ordovician Period
self-linksurface differs
ⓘ
surface form:
Early Ordovician
Late Ordovician ⓘ Middle Ordovician ⓘ |
How these facts were elicited
The pipeline generated the facts above by prompting gpt-5.1 with this entity's name + description and the instruction below.
Instruction
You are a knowledge base construction expert. Given a subject entity and a description of it, return factual statements that you know for the subject as a JSON list of dictionaries(triples), where keys must be "subject", "predicate" and "object". The number of facts may be very high, between 25 to 50 or more, for very popular subjects. For less popular subjects, the number of facts can be very low, like 5 or 10. # Requirements - If you don't know the subject at all, return an empty list. - If the subject is not a named entity, return an empty list. - Include at least one triple where predicate is "instanceOf". - Do not get too wordy. - Separate several objects into multiple triples with one object.
Input
Subject: Ordovician Period Description of subject: The Ordovician Period was a Paleozoic era interval marked by extensive marine biodiversity, the diversification of early vertebrates and invertebrates, and ending with one of Earth's major mass extinction events.
Referenced by (27)
Full triples — surface form annotated when it differs from this entity's canonical label.
this entity surface form:
Ordovician period
this entity surface form:
Ordovician period
subject surface form:
Amadeus Basin
this entity surface form:
Ordovician
this entity surface form:
Ordovician period
this entity surface form:
Early Ordovician
this entity surface form:
Ordovician as a separate geological period between Cambrian and Silurian
this entity surface form:
Ordovician period
this entity surface form:
Ordovician
this entity surface form:
Ordovician
this entity surface form:
Ordovician
this entity surface form:
Ordovician period
this entity surface form:
Ordovician period
this entity surface form:
Ordovician period
this entity surface form:
Ordovician
this entity surface form:
Ordovician
this entity surface form:
Ordovician period
this entity surface form:
Ordovician period