Cephalaspidomorphi (sensu lato)
E414612
Cephalaspidomorphi (sensu lato) is an extinct group of jawless vertebrates, including the armored ostracoderms, that played a key role in early vertebrate evolution.
All labels observed (1)
| Label | Occurrences |
|---|---|
| Cephalaspidomorphi (sensu lato) canonical | 1 |
How this entity was disambiguated
This entity first appeared as the object of triple T4138790 — resolving that mention is where its identity was fixed. The disambiguator weighed these candidate entities and picked the highlighted one (or “None”, minting a new entity). This is how homonymy is resolved: the same surface form can point to different entities.
NED1
Entity disambiguation (via context triple)
gpt-5-mini-2025-08-07
Target entity: Cephalaspidomorphi (sensu lato) Context triple: [Agnatha, includesTaxon, Cephalaspidomorphi (sensu lato)]
-
A.
Holocephali
Holocephali is a subclass of cartilaginous fishes that includes the chimaeras, deep-sea relatives of sharks and rays characterized by a single gill opening and distinctive tooth plates.
-
B.
Ogcocephalidae
Ogcocephalidae is a family of benthic anglerfish commonly known as batfishes, characterized by their flattened bodies and modified pectoral fins used for walking along the seafloor.
-
C.
Kinorhyncha
Kinorhyncha are a phylum of minute, segmented, marine invertebrates known as mud dragons, characterized by a spiny head and burrowing lifestyle in marine sediments.
-
D.
Synanceiidae
Synanceiidae is a family of venomous marine fish commonly known as stonefishes, notorious for being among the most poisonous fish in the world.
-
E.
Leptosomiformes
Leptosomiformes is an order of birds that includes the cuckoo-roller, a distinctive species endemic to Madagascar and nearby islands.
- F. None of above. chosen
- G. Unsure - the case is ambiguous/there is not enough information to decide.
NED2
Entity disambiguation (via description)
gpt-5-mini-2025-08-07
Target entity: Cephalaspidomorphi (sensu lato) Target entity description: Cephalaspidomorphi (sensu lato) is an extinct group of jawless vertebrates, including the armored ostracoderms, that played a key role in early vertebrate evolution.
-
A.
Holocephali
Holocephali is a subclass of cartilaginous fishes that includes the chimaeras, deep-sea relatives of sharks and rays characterized by a single gill opening and distinctive tooth plates.
-
B.
Ogcocephalidae
Ogcocephalidae is a family of benthic anglerfish commonly known as batfishes, characterized by their flattened bodies and modified pectoral fins used for walking along the seafloor.
-
C.
Kinorhyncha
Kinorhyncha are a phylum of minute, segmented, marine invertebrates known as mud dragons, characterized by a spiny head and burrowing lifestyle in marine sediments.
-
D.
Synanceiidae
Synanceiidae is a family of venomous marine fish commonly known as stonefishes, notorious for being among the most poisonous fish in the world.
-
E.
Leptosomiformes
Leptosomiformes is an order of birds that includes the cuckoo-roller, a distinctive species endemic to Madagascar and nearby islands.
- F. None of above. chosen
Statements (47)
| Predicate | Object |
|---|---|
| instanceOf |
extinct vertebrate clade
ⓘ
jawless vertebrate group ⓘ paraphyletic taxon ⓘ |
| characterizedBy |
absence of jaws
ⓘ
paired sensory structures on head ⓘ presence of dermal armor ⓘ |
| comparedWith | modern cyclostomes ⓘ |
| contains |
armored jawless vertebrates
ⓘ
ostracoderms ⓘ |
| evolutionarySignificance |
provides evidence for stepwise acquisition of vertebrate traits
ⓘ
represents early diversification of vertebrate armor ⓘ shows early development of paired sensory fields ⓘ |
| fossilsFoundIn |
freshwater deposits
ⓘ
marine deposits ⓘ |
| hasBodyPlan |
dorsoventrally flattened head shield
ⓘ
streamlined trunk ⓘ |
| hasEcologicalRole |
benthic detritivores
ⓘ
small prey for larger predators ⓘ |
| hasFeedingMode |
benthic feeding
ⓘ
filter feeding ⓘ |
| hasFossilRecordQuality | good in Silurian and Devonian strata ⓘ |
| hasLocomotion | swimming near substrate ⓘ |
| hasRespiratoryFeature | gill pouches ⓘ |
| hasSensoryFeature |
lateral line system
ⓘ
well-developed eyes ⓘ |
| hasSkeletalFeature |
cartilaginous endoskeleton
ⓘ
extensive dermal bone armor ⓘ |
| importantFor | understanding origin of jawed vertebrates ⓘ |
| isExtinct | true ⓘ |
| kingdom | Animalia ⓘ |
| livedIn |
Devonian Period
ⓘ
surface form:
Devonian period
Ordovician Period ⓘ
surface form:
Ordovician period
Paleozoic era ⓘ Silurian period ⓘ |
| phylum | Chordata ⓘ |
| playedRoleIn | early vertebrate evolution ⓘ |
| relatedTo |
Anaspida
ⓘ
Thelodonti ⓘ
surface form:
Galeaspida
Osteostraci ⓘ Osteostraci ⓘ
surface form:
Pteraspidomorphi
|
| studiedIn |
evolutionary biology
ⓘ
paleontology ⓘ vertebrate paleontology ⓘ |
| subphylum | Vertebrata ⓘ |
| superclass | Agnatha ⓘ |
| taxonomicStatus |
sensu lato concept
ⓘ
used historically in vertebrate classification ⓘ |
How these facts were elicited
The pipeline generated the facts above by prompting gpt-5.1 with this entity's name + description and the instruction below.
Instruction
You are a knowledge base construction expert. Given a subject entity and a description of it, return factual statements that you know for the subject as a JSON list of dictionaries(triples), where keys must be "subject", "predicate" and "object". The number of facts may be very high, between 25 to 50 or more, for very popular subjects. For less popular subjects, the number of facts can be very low, like 5 or 10. # Requirements - If you don't know the subject at all, return an empty list. - If the subject is not a named entity, return an empty list. - Include at least one triple where predicate is "instanceOf". - Do not get too wordy. - Separate several objects into multiple triples with one object.
Input
Subject: Cephalaspidomorphi (sensu lato) Description of subject: Cephalaspidomorphi (sensu lato) is an extinct group of jawless vertebrates, including the armored ostracoderms, that played a key role in early vertebrate evolution.
Referenced by (1)
Full triples — surface form annotated when it differs from this entity's canonical label.