Boltzmann constant

E7358

fundamental constant physical constant

The Boltzmann constant is a fundamental physical constant that links temperature to energy at the particle level, playing a central role in statistical mechanics and thermodynamics.

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All labels observed (5)

Label	Occurrences
Boltzmann constant canonical	25
Boltzmann constant k	5
Boltzmann constant k_B	2
Boltzmann constant kB	1
SI base unit definitions	1

Statements (47)

Predicate	Object
instanceOf	fundamental constant ⓘ physical constant ⓘ
appearsIn	Bose–Einstein statistics ⓘ surface form: Bose–Einstein distribution E = k_B T ⓘ Einstein solid model ⓘ Fermi–Dirac statistics ⓘ surface form: Fermi–Dirac distribution fluctuation–dissipation theorem ⓘ surface form: Johnson–Nyquist noise formula Maxwell–Boltzmann statistics ⓘ surface form: Maxwell–Boltzmann distribution Planck radiation law ⓘ surface form: Planck blackbody radiation law S = k_B ln Ω ⓘ Sackur–Tetrode equation ⓘ equipartition theorem ⓘ partition function expressions ⓘ
CODATAStatus	fixed exact constant in SI ⓘ
connects	energy ⓘ temperature ⓘ
definedBy	2019 SI redefinition ⓘ
dimension	energy per temperature ⓘ
exactValue	yes ⓘ
field	kinetic theory of gases ⓘ statistical mechanics ⓘ thermodynamics ⓘ
fixedBy	26th General Conference on Weights and Measures ⓘ
measurementMethods	Doppler broadening thermometry ⓘ Johnson-noise thermometry ⓘ acoustic gas thermometry ⓘ dielectric-constant gas thermometry ⓘ
microscopicMacroscopicLink	relates microscopic particle properties to macroscopic thermodynamic quantities ⓘ
namedAfter	Ludwig Boltzmann ⓘ
previousUncertainty	was experimentally determined before 2019 ⓘ
relatedTo	Avogadro constant ⓘ gas constant ⓘ
relation	R = N_A k_B ⓘ
relevance	central to statistical definition of temperature ⓘ
role	links temperature to average particle energy ⓘ
SIName	Boltzmann constant self-link ⓘ
symbol	k ⓘ k_B ⓘ
unit	joule per kelvin ⓘ
unitSymbol	J·K⁻¹ ⓘ
usedIn	Boltzmann factor exp(-E/(k_B T)) ⓘ definition of kelvin before 2019 redefinition ⓘ ideal gas law ⓘ
usedToDefine	entropy scale ⓘ thermal noise power ⓘ
value	1.380649×10⁻²³ J/K ⓘ
yearDefined	2019 ⓘ

Referenced by (34)

Full triples — surface form annotated when it differs from this entity's canonical label.

On the Motion of Small Particles Suspended in Liquids at Rest Required by the Molecular-Kinetic Theory of Heat → relatesToConstant → Boltzmann constant ⓘ

Bekenstein–Hawking entropy → usesConstant → Boltzmann constant ⓘ

Einstein–Smoluchowski relation → involvesQuantity → Boltzmann constant ⓘ

this entity surface form: Boltzmann constant k_B

Fermi–Dirac statistics → hasParameter → Boltzmann constant ⓘ

this entity surface form: Boltzmann constant k

Planck radiation law → dependsOnConstant → Boltzmann constant ⓘ

Avogadro constant → isPartOf → Boltzmann constant ⓘ

this entity surface form: SI base unit definitions

Avogadro constant → isRelatedTo → Boltzmann constant ⓘ

Maxwell–Boltzmann statistics → dependsOn → Boltzmann constant ⓘ

Boltzmann constant → SIName → Boltzmann constant self-link ⓘ

Ludwig Boltzmann → knownFor → Boltzmann constant ⓘ

Ludwig Boltzmann → hasSymbolNamedAfter → Boltzmann constant ⓘ

this entity surface form: Boltzmann constant k

Bekenstein bound → usesConstant → Boltzmann constant ⓘ

Bekenstein bound → relatesVariable → Boltzmann constant ⓘ

this entity surface form: Boltzmann constant k

CODATA recommended values of the fundamental physical constants → includesConstant → Boltzmann constant ⓘ

Stokes–Einstein relation → relatesQuantity → Boltzmann constant ⓘ

Rayleigh–Jeans law at low frequencies → usesConstant → Boltzmann constant ⓘ

this entity surface form: Boltzmann constant k

International System of Units → definesConstant → Boltzmann constant ⓘ

Boltzmann–Gibbs entropy in statistical mechanics → usesConstant → Boltzmann constant ⓘ

subject surface form: Boltzmann–Gibbs entropy

Boltzmann distribution → dependsOn → Boltzmann constant ⓘ

Shockley diode equation → hasComponentConcept → Boltzmann constant ⓘ

this entity surface form: Boltzmann constant k

Sackur–Tetrode equation → relatedTo → Boltzmann constant ⓘ

equipartition theorem → usesQuantity → Boltzmann constant ⓘ

k_B → symbolFor → Boltzmann constant ⓘ

k_B → represents → Boltzmann constant ⓘ

Landauer's principle → dependsOn → Boltzmann constant ⓘ

Unruh effect → dependsOn → Boltzmann constant ⓘ

Planck temperature → definedInTermsOf → Boltzmann constant ⓘ

Stefan–Boltzmann constant → dependsOnConstant → Boltzmann constant ⓘ

kelvin → definedByConstant → Boltzmann constant ⓘ

Planck units → basedOnConstant → Boltzmann constant ⓘ

Planck units → setsToOne → Boltzmann constant ⓘ

this entity surface form: Boltzmann constant k_B

Thermal noise and Johnson–Nyquist noise theory → usesConstant → Boltzmann constant ⓘ

Saha ionization equation → uses → Boltzmann constant ⓘ

Dulong–Petit law for molar heat capacity of many solids at high temperature → involvesConstant → Boltzmann constant ⓘ

this entity surface form: Boltzmann constant kB