Marbury v. Madison
E657
Marbury v. Madison is the landmark 1803 U.S. Supreme Court case that established the principle of judicial review, empowering federal courts to strike down laws that violate the Constitution.
All labels observed (3)
| Label | Occurrences |
|---|---|
| Marbury v. Madison canonical | 20 |
| Marbury v. Madison, 5 U.S. (1 Cranch) 137 (1803) | 1 |
| William Marbury had a right to his commission as justice of the peace. | 1 |
Statements (49)
| Predicate | Object |
|---|---|
| instanceOf |
United States Supreme Court case
ⓘ
constitutional law case ⓘ judicial review case ⓘ landmark case ⓘ |
| branchChecked |
executive branch
ⓘ
legislative branch ⓘ |
| chiefJustice | John Marshall ⓘ |
| citation |
1 Cranch 137
ⓘ
5 U.S. 137 ⓘ |
| constitutionalProvisionInterpreted |
Article III
ⓘ
surface form:
Article III of the United States Constitution
Supremacy Clause ⓘ |
| country |
United States of America
ⓘ
surface form:
United States
|
| court | Supreme Court of the United States ⓘ |
| decisionDate | 1803-02-24 ⓘ |
| defendant | James Madison ⓘ |
| defendantOffice | United States Secretary of State ⓘ |
| field |
United States constitutional law
ⓘ
federal courts and jurisdiction ⓘ |
| fullName |
Marbury v. Madison
self-linksurface differs
ⓘ
surface form:
Marbury v. Madison, 5 U.S. (1 Cranch) 137 (1803)
|
| historicalContext |
conflict between Federalists and Democratic-Republicans
ⓘ
early years of the Jefferson administration ⓘ |
| holding |
A writ of mandamus was the appropriate remedy for Marbury, but the Supreme Court lacked jurisdiction to issue it in this case.
ⓘ
Section 13 of the Judiciary Act of 1789, to the extent it purported to expand the Supreme Court’s original jurisdiction, was unconstitutional. ⓘ The Supreme Court has the authority to review acts of Congress and determine whether they are unconstitutional. ⓘ Marbury v. Madison self-linksurface differs ⓘ
surface form:
William Marbury had a right to his commission as justice of the peace.
|
| impact | established the Supreme Court as a coequal branch of government with power to invalidate unconstitutional laws ⓘ |
| issue |
power of federal courts to declare acts of Congress unconstitutional
ⓘ
scope of the Supreme Court’s original jurisdiction under Article III of the U.S. Constitution ⓘ validity of undelivered judicial commissions signed by an outgoing president ⓘ |
| jurisdictionType | original jurisdiction (sought) ⓘ |
| languageOfOpinion | English ⓘ |
| legalSystem | common law ⓘ |
| locationOfCourt | Washington, D.C. ⓘ |
| opinionBy | John Marshall ⓘ |
| outgoingPresidentInvolved | John Adams ⓘ |
| plaintiff | William Marbury ⓘ |
| presidentInvolved | Thomas Jefferson ⓘ |
| principleEstablished |
it is emphatically the province and duty of the judicial department to say what the law is
ⓘ
judicial review ⓘ the Constitution is superior to ordinary legislation ⓘ |
| remedySought | writ of mandamus ⓘ |
| sectionInterpreted |
Judiciary Act of 1789
ⓘ
surface form:
Section 13 of the Judiciary Act of 1789
|
| statuteInterpreted | Judiciary Act of 1789 ⓘ |
| taughtIn | law school constitutional law courses ⓘ |
| topic |
checks and balances
ⓘ
federal courts ⓘ separation of powers ⓘ |
| unanimousDecision | true ⓘ |
| yearDecided | 1803 ⓘ |
Referenced by (22)
Full triples — surface form annotated when it differs from this entity's canonical label.
this entity surface form:
Marbury v. Madison, 5 U.S. (1 Cranch) 137 (1803)
this entity surface form:
William Marbury had a right to his commission as justice of the peace.