Judiciary Act of 1789

E2674
United States federal statute judiciary act

The Judiciary Act of 1789 was a foundational U.S. federal statute that organized the national court system, defined the structure and jurisdiction of the federal judiciary, and established key judicial procedures under the new Constitution.

Observed surface forms (1)

Surface form Occurrences
Section 13 of the Judiciary Act of 1789 1

Statements (54)

Predicate Object
instanceOf United States federal statute ⓘ
judiciary act ⓘ
aimedToImplement Article III ⓘ
surface form: Article III of the United States Constitution
appliesTo federal courts of the United States ⓘ
chamberOfOrigin United States Senate ⓘ
country United States of America ⓘ
surface form: United States
createdCourt Supreme Court of the United States ⓘ
United States courts of appeals ⓘ
surface form: United States circuit courts

United States district courts ⓘ
dateOfEnactment 1789-09-24 ⓘ
definedJurisdictionOf Supreme Court of the United States ⓘ
United States courts of appeals ⓘ
surface form: United States circuit courts

United States district courts ⓘ
definedNumberOfAssociateJustices 5 ⓘ
definedNumberOfChiefJustices 1 ⓘ
definedNumberOfJustices 6 ⓘ
dividedStatesInto judicial districts ⓘ
established United States Marshals Service framework ⓘ
appellate jurisdiction of the Supreme Court ⓘ
federal judicial districts ⓘ
federal judicial hierarchy ⓘ
Office of the Attorney General ⓘ
surface form: office of Attorney General of the United States

original jurisdiction of the Supreme Court ⓘ
groupedDistrictsInto circuits ⓘ
historicalSignificance foundation of the federal judiciary ⓘ
influencedDoctrine judicial review in the United States ⓘ
language English ⓘ
legalCitation 1 Stat. 73 ⓘ
legislativeSession First United States Congress ⓘ
surface form: 1st United States Congress
longTitle An Act to establish the Judicial Courts of the United States ⓘ
numberOfJudicialDistrictsCreated 13 ⓘ
organizedJudicialSystemUnder United States Constitution ⓘ
otherChamber United States House of Representatives ⓘ
partlyInvalidatedByCase Marbury v. Madison ⓘ
passedBy United States Congress ⓘ
providedFor Supreme Court justices riding circuit ⓘ
criminal jurisdiction of federal courts ⓘ
diversity jurisdiction in federal courts ⓘ
federal question jurisdiction in limited form ⓘ
removal of certain cases from state to federal courts ⓘ
regulated appeals from state courts to federal courts ⓘ
procedures for federal courts ⓘ
writs of mandamus ⓘ
section Section 13 ⓘ
Section 25 ⓘ
section13DealtWith writs of mandamus and Supreme Court jurisdiction ⓘ
section13HeldUnconstitutionalIn Marbury v. Madison ⓘ
section25DealtWith appeals from state courts to the Supreme Court ⓘ
signedBy George Washington ⓘ
subjectMatter judicial procedures ⓘ
jurisdiction of federal courts ⓘ
organization of federal courts ⓘ
supersededInPartBy Judicial Code of 1911 ⓘ
Judiciary Act of 1891 ⓘ

Referenced by (23)

Full triples — surface form annotated when it differs from this entity's canonical label.

Treasury Act of 1789 → contemporaryWith → Judiciary Act of 1789 ⓘ
Associate Justices of the Supreme Court → createdBy → Judiciary Act of 1789 ⓘ
subject surface form: Associate Justice of the Supreme Court of the United States
Supreme Court of the United States → createdBy → Judiciary Act of 1789 ⓘ
United States Attorneys → createdBy → Judiciary Act of 1789 ⓘ
subject surface form: United States Attorney
First United States Congress → enacted → Judiciary Act of 1789 ⓘ
United States Marshals Service → foundedBy → Judiciary Act of 1789 ⓘ
Early Republic of the United States → hasPart → Judiciary Act of 1789 ⓘ
Washington administration → implemented → Judiciary Act of 1789 ⓘ
Maine District of Massachusetts → legalBasis → Judiciary Act of 1789 ⓘ
Office of the Attorney General → legalBasis → Judiciary Act of 1789 ⓘ
Oliver Ellsworth → notableWork → Judiciary Act of 1789 ⓘ
United States Attorney General → positionCreatedBy → Judiciary Act of 1789 ⓘ
Evarts Act → precededBy → Judiciary Act of 1789 ⓘ
Judiciary Act of 1891 → precededBy → Judiciary Act of 1789 ⓘ
Evarts Act → relatedTo → Judiciary Act of 1789 ⓘ
Judiciary Act of 1870 → relatedTo → Judiciary Act of 1789 ⓘ
Marbury v. Madison → sectionInterpreted → Judiciary Act of 1789 ⓘ
this entity surface form: Section 13 of the Judiciary Act of 1789
Washington administration → signed → Judiciary Act of 1789 ⓘ
Marbury v. Madison → statuteInterpreted → Judiciary Act of 1789 ⓘ