Religious Freedom Restoration Act
E5195
The Religious Freedom Restoration Act is a 1993 U.S. federal law that aims to protect individuals’ religious practices from substantial government burdens unless justified by a compelling governmental interest pursued through the least restrictive means.
Aliases (4)
Statements (48)
| Predicate | Object |
|---|---|
| instanceOf |
United States federal statute
→
religious freedom law → |
| appliesTo | federal government actions → |
| codifiedAt |
42 U.S.C. § 2000bb
→
42 U.S.C. § 2000bb-1 → 42 U.S.C. § 2000bb-4 → |
| codifiedIn | United States Code → |
| country |
United States of America
→
surface form: "United States"
|
| dateSigned | 1993-11-16 → |
| effectiveDate | 1993-11-16 → |
| enactedBy | 103rd United States Congress → |
| hasSection |
42 U.S.C. § 2000bb-1(a)
→
42 U.S.C. § 2000bb-1(b) → 42 U.S.C. § 2000bb-1(c) → |
| heldUnconstitutionalAsTo | state and local governments → |
| influenced | state Religious Freedom Restoration Acts → |
| legalTestRestored |
Sherbert test
→
compelling interest test for free exercise claims → |
| limitedByCourtCase | City of Boerne v. Flores → |
| limitedByCourtCaseYear | 1997 → |
| motivatedBy | Employment Division v. Smith → |
| originallyAppliedTo |
federal government
→
state governments → |
| protects |
religious exercise of individuals
→
religious exercise of other entities → religious exercise of religious organizations → |
| provides |
affirmative defense in judicial proceedings
→
cause of action for individuals → |
| publicLawNumber | Public Law 103-141 → |
| purpose |
to protect the free exercise of religion
→
to provide a claim or defense to persons whose religious exercise is substantially burdened by government → to restore the compelling interest test for laws burdening religious exercise → |
| relatedTo |
First Amendment to the United States Constitution
→
Free Exercise Clause → |
| requiresShowing | substantial burden on religious exercise → |
| shortName |
Religious Freedom Restoration Act
→
surface form: "RFRA"
|
| signedBy | Bill Clinton → |
| sponsorInHouse | Charles Schumer → |
| sponsorInSenate |
Edward M. Kennedy
→
surface form: "Ted Kennedy"
|
| standardImposedOnGovernment |
compelling governmental interest
→
least restrictive means → |
| statutesAtLargeCitation | 107 Stat. 1488 → |
| stillAppliesTo |
federal government agencies
→
federal law → |
| supportedBy |
bipartisan coalition
→
civil liberties groups → religious organizations → |
| yearEnacted | 1993 → |
Referenced by (19)
Full triples — surface form annotated when it differs from this entity's canonical label.
this entity surface form: "RFRA of 1993"
Religious Land Use and Institutionalized Persons Act
→
basedOn
→
Religious Freedom Restoration Act
→
this entity surface form: "RFRA"
this entity surface form: "Religious Freedom Restoration Act of 1993"
Employment Division v. Smith
→
hasSubsequentLegislationInfluenced
→
Religious Freedom Restoration Act
→
this entity surface form: "Religious Freedom Restoration Act of 1993"
this entity surface form: "Religious Freedom Restoration Act of 1993"
this entity surface form: "Religious Freedom Restoration Act of 1993"
American Indian Religious Freedom Act Amendments of 1994
→
relatedTo
→
Religious Freedom Restoration Act
→
this entity surface form: "Religious Freedom Restoration Act of 1993"
this entity surface form: "RFRA"
this entity surface form: "Religious Freedom Restoration Act of 1993"
this entity surface form: "Religious Freedom Restoration Act of 1993"
this entity surface form: "An Act To protect religious liberty, and for other purposes"