Public Law 103-141
E33470
Public Law 103-141 is the formal designation of the Religious Freedom Restoration Act of 1993, a U.S. federal law enacted to protect individuals’ free exercise of religion from substantial government burdens.
All labels observed (2)
| Label | Occurrences |
|---|---|
| Pub. L. 103-141 | 1 |
| Public Law 103-141 canonical | 1 |
How this entity was disambiguated
This entity first appeared as the object of triple T253201 — resolving that mention is where its identity was fixed. The disambiguator weighed these candidate entities and picked the highlighted one (or “None”, minting a new entity). This is how homonymy is resolved: the same surface form can point to different entities.
NED1
Entity disambiguation (via context triple)
gpt-5-mini-2025-08-07
Target entity: Public Law 103-141 Context triple: [Religious Freedom Restoration Act, publicLawNumber, Public Law 103-141]
-
A.
Public Law 103-308
Public Law 103-308 is a United States federal law that officially designated December 7 as National Pearl Harbor Remembrance Day to honor those killed in the 1941 attack.
-
B.
Public Law 99-433
Public Law 99-433 is the formal designation of the Goldwater–Nichols Department of Defense Reorganization Act of 1986, a landmark U.S. law that overhauled the military command structure and strengthened joint operations among the armed services.
-
C.
Public Law 94-412
Public Law 94-412 is the 1976 federal statute, known as the National Emergencies Act, that established procedures and limits for presidential declarations of national emergencies in the United States.
-
D.
Public Law 93-205
Public Law 93-205 is the landmark 1973 United States federal statute commonly known as the Endangered Species Act, which provides for the conservation of threatened and endangered plants and animals and their habitats.
-
E.
Public Law 107-56
Public Law 107-56 is the formal designation of the USA PATRIOT Act, a 2001 U.S. federal law that significantly expanded government surveillance and counterterrorism powers following the September 11 attacks.
- F. None of above. chosen
- G. Unsure - the case is ambiguous/there is not enough information to decide.
NED2
Entity disambiguation (via description)
gpt-5-mini-2025-08-07
Target entity: Public Law 103-141 Target entity description: Public Law 103-141 is the formal designation of the Religious Freedom Restoration Act of 1993, a U.S. federal law enacted to protect individuals’ free exercise of religion from substantial government burdens.
-
A.
Public Law 103-308
Public Law 103-308 is a United States federal law that officially designated December 7 as National Pearl Harbor Remembrance Day to honor those killed in the 1941 attack.
-
B.
Public Law 99-433
Public Law 99-433 is the formal designation of the Goldwater–Nichols Department of Defense Reorganization Act of 1986, a landmark U.S. law that overhauled the military command structure and strengthened joint operations among the armed services.
-
C.
Public Law 94-412
Public Law 94-412 is the 1976 federal statute, known as the National Emergencies Act, that established procedures and limits for presidential declarations of national emergencies in the United States.
-
D.
Public Law 93-205
Public Law 93-205 is the landmark 1973 United States federal statute commonly known as the Endangered Species Act, which provides for the conservation of threatened and endangered plants and animals and their habitats.
-
E.
Public Law 107-56
Public Law 107-56 is the formal designation of the USA PATRIOT Act, a 2001 U.S. federal law that significantly expanded government surveillance and counterterrorism powers following the September 11 attacks.
- F. None of above. chosen
Statements (50)
| Predicate | Object |
|---|---|
| instanceOf |
Religious Freedom Restoration Act
ⓘ
United States federal statute ⓘ |
| alsoKnownAs |
Religious Freedom Restoration Act
ⓘ
surface form:
RFRA of 1993
|
| appliesIn |
federal judiciary of the United States
ⓘ
surface form:
United States federal courts
|
| appliesTo | federal government actions ⓘ |
| citationStyle |
Religious Freedom Restoration Act
ⓘ
surface form:
RFRA
|
| codifiedIn | United States Code ⓘ |
| codifiedSections | 42 U.S.C. §§ 2000bb–2000bb-4 ⓘ |
| codifiedTitle | Title 42 of the United States Code ⓘ |
| country |
United States of America
ⓘ
surface form:
United States
|
| dateEnacted | 1993-11-16 ⓘ |
| dateSigned | 1993-11-16 ⓘ |
| defines | exercise of religion broadly ⓘ |
| effectiveDate | 1993-11-16 ⓘ |
| enactedBy | 103rd United States Congress ⓘ |
| hasTitle |
Religious Freedom Restoration Act
ⓘ
surface form:
Religious Freedom Restoration Act of 1993
|
| heldUnconstitutionalAsTo | state and local governments (by City of Boerne v. Flores) ⓘ |
| influenced | later federal religious liberty statutes ⓘ |
| introducedInCongress | 1993 ⓘ |
| jurisdiction |
United States government
ⓘ
surface form:
federal government of the United States
|
| language | English ⓘ |
| legislativeResponseTo | Employment Division v. Smith ⓘ |
| originallyAppliedTo | federal, state, and local governments ⓘ |
| partyOfSigningPresident | Democratic Party ⓘ |
| protects |
individuals
ⓘ
religious organizations ⓘ |
| protectsRight | free exercise of religion ⓘ |
| publicLawNumber |
Public Law 103-141
self-linksurface differs
ⓘ
surface form:
Pub. L. 103-141
|
| purpose |
to protect the free exercise of religion
ⓘ
to provide a claim or defense to persons whose religious exercise is substantially burdened by government ⓘ to restore the compelling interest test for laws that substantially burden religious exercise ⓘ |
| relatedCase |
City of Boerne v. Flores
ⓘ
surface form:
City of Boerne v. Flores, 521 U.S. 507 (1997)
Employment Division v. Smith ⓘ
surface form:
Employment Division v. Smith, 494 U.S. 872 (1990)
|
| relatedStatute |
Religious Land Use and Institutionalized Persons Act
ⓘ
surface form:
Religious Land Use and Institutionalized Persons Act of 2000
|
| remainsApplicableTo | federal government ⓘ |
| requires | application of strict scrutiny to substantial burdens on religious exercise ⓘ |
| requiresShowingOf | substantial burden on religious exercise ⓘ |
| shortTitle | Religious Freedom Restoration Act ⓘ |
| signedBy | Bill Clinton ⓘ |
| signingPresident | Bill Clinton ⓘ |
| sponsorChamber |
United States House of Representatives
ⓘ
United States Senate ⓘ |
| standardImposedOnGovernment |
compelling governmental interest
ⓘ
least restrictive means ⓘ |
| statutesAtLargeCitation | 107 Stat. 1488 ⓘ |
| subjectMatter |
civil rights
ⓘ
constitutional law ⓘ religious freedom ⓘ |
| typeOfLegislation | civil rights legislation ⓘ |
| yearEnacted | 1993 ⓘ |
How these facts were elicited
The pipeline generated the facts above by prompting gpt-5.1 with this entity's name + description and the instruction below.
Instruction
You are a knowledge base construction expert. Given a subject entity and a description of it, return factual statements that you know for the subject as a JSON list of dictionaries(triples), where keys must be "subject", "predicate" and "object". The number of facts may be very high, between 25 to 50 or more, for very popular subjects. For less popular subjects, the number of facts can be very low, like 5 or 10. # Requirements - If you don't know the subject at all, return an empty list. - If the subject is not a named entity, return an empty list. - Include at least one triple where predicate is "instanceOf". - Do not get too wordy. - Separate several objects into multiple triples with one object.
Input
Subject: Public Law 103-141 Description of subject: Public Law 103-141 is the formal designation of the Religious Freedom Restoration Act of 1993, a U.S. federal law enacted to protect individuals’ free exercise of religion from substantial government burdens.
Referenced by (2)
Full triples — surface form annotated when it differs from this entity's canonical label.
this entity surface form:
Pub. L. 103-141