Aharonov–Bohm effect
E435846
The Aharonov–Bohm effect is a quantum mechanical phenomenon in which charged particles are influenced by electromagnetic potentials in regions where the classical electromagnetic fields are zero, revealing the physical significance of potentials in quantum theory.
All labels observed (2)
| Label | Occurrences |
|---|---|
| Aharonov–Bohm effect canonical | 4 |
| Aharonov–Bohm effect in lattices | 1 |
How this entity was disambiguated
This entity first appeared as the object of triple T4388550 — resolving that mention is where its identity was fixed. The disambiguator weighed these candidate entities and picked the highlighted one (or “None”, minting a new entity). This is how homonymy is resolved: the same surface form can point to different entities.
NED1
Entity disambiguation (via context triple)
gpt-5-mini-2025-08-07
Target entity: Aharonov–Bohm effect Context triple: [Yakir Aharonov, notableWork, Aharonov–Bohm effect]
-
A.
de Haas–van Alphen effect
The de Haas–van Alphen effect is a quantum oscillatory phenomenon in metals where the magnetization varies periodically with applied magnetic field, allowing precise mapping of the electronic structure and Fermi surface.
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B.
Shubnikov–de Haas effect
The Shubnikov–de Haas effect is a quantum oscillatory phenomenon in the electrical resistance of conductors and semiconductors subjected to strong magnetic fields at low temperatures, used to probe their electronic structure and Fermi surface.
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C.
Kapitza–Dirac effect
The Kapitza–Dirac effect is a quantum phenomenon in which a beam of particles, such as electrons or atoms, is diffracted by a standing wave of light, demonstrating the wave-particle duality of matter.
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D.
Faraday effect
The Faraday effect is a magneto-optical phenomenon in which the polarization plane of light is rotated as it passes through a material under the influence of a magnetic field aligned with the direction of propagation.
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E.
Landau–Pomeranchuk–Migdal effect
The Landau–Pomeranchuk–Migdal effect is a quantum electrodynamics phenomenon in which high-energy electrons and photons in dense media experience suppressed bremsstrahlung and pair production due to multiple scattering.
- F. None of above. chosen
- G. Unsure - the case is ambiguous/there is not enough information to decide.
NED2
Entity disambiguation (via description)
gpt-5-mini-2025-08-07
Target entity: Aharonov–Bohm effect Target entity description: The Aharonov–Bohm effect is a quantum mechanical phenomenon in which charged particles are influenced by electromagnetic potentials in regions where the classical electromagnetic fields are zero, revealing the physical significance of potentials in quantum theory.
-
A.
de Haas–van Alphen effect
The de Haas–van Alphen effect is a quantum oscillatory phenomenon in metals where the magnetization varies periodically with applied magnetic field, allowing precise mapping of the electronic structure and Fermi surface.
-
B.
Shubnikov–de Haas effect
The Shubnikov–de Haas effect is a quantum oscillatory phenomenon in the electrical resistance of conductors and semiconductors subjected to strong magnetic fields at low temperatures, used to probe their electronic structure and Fermi surface.
-
C.
Kapitza–Dirac effect
The Kapitza–Dirac effect is a quantum phenomenon in which a beam of particles, such as electrons or atoms, is diffracted by a standing wave of light, demonstrating the wave-particle duality of matter.
-
D.
Faraday effect
The Faraday effect is a magneto-optical phenomenon in which the polarization plane of light is rotated as it passes through a material under the influence of a magnetic field aligned with the direction of propagation.
-
E.
Landau–Pomeranchuk–Migdal effect
The Landau–Pomeranchuk–Migdal effect is a quantum electrodynamics phenomenon in which high-energy electrons and photons in dense media experience suppressed bremsstrahlung and pair production due to multiple scattering.
- F. None of above. chosen
Statements (47)
| Predicate | Object |
|---|---|
| instanceOf |
interference phenomenon
ⓘ
physical effect ⓘ quantum mechanical phenomenon ⓘ |
| challenges | classical view that only fields are physical ⓘ |
| hasAbbreviation | AB effect NERFINISHED ⓘ |
| hasApplication |
Aharonov–Bohm interferometers
NERFINISHED
ⓘ
mesoscopic physics ⓘ quantum transport in nanostructures ⓘ |
| hasDiscoverer |
David Bohm
NERFINISHED
ⓘ
Yakir Aharonov NERFINISHED ⓘ |
| hasExperimentalRealization |
electron double-slit experiments with confined magnetic flux
ⓘ
mesoscopic ring interferometers ⓘ |
| hasField |
electromagnetism
ⓘ
quantum field theory ⓘ quantum mechanics ⓘ |
| hasMathematicalDescription |
phase shift equals (q/ħ) times line integral of vector potential
ⓘ
phase shift proportional to enclosed magnetic flux ⓘ |
| hasType |
electric Aharonov–Bohm effect
NERFINISHED
ⓘ
magnetic Aharonov–Bohm effect NERFINISHED ⓘ scalar Aharonov–Bohm effect ⓘ time-dependent Aharonov–Bohm effect NERFINISHED ⓘ |
| hasYearProposed | 1959 ⓘ |
| involvesConcept |
electromagnetic potential
ⓘ
electron interference ⓘ gauge invariance ⓘ magnetic flux ⓘ quantum phase ⓘ scalar potential ⓘ topology in quantum mechanics ⓘ vector potential ⓘ |
| isDiscussedIn |
foundations of quantum mechanics
ⓘ
philosophy of physics ⓘ |
| isExampleOf |
gauge theory effect
ⓘ
topological phase effect ⓘ |
| isRelatedTo |
Aharonov–Casher effect
NERFINISHED
ⓘ
Berry phase NERFINISHED ⓘ Dirac monopole NERFINISHED ⓘ Wilson loop NERFINISHED ⓘ gauge potential holonomy ⓘ |
| occursWhen | charged particles move in regions with zero electromagnetic field but nonzero potential ⓘ |
| resultsIn |
observable phase difference between particle paths
ⓘ
shift of interference fringes ⓘ |
| showsProperty |
gauge potential measurability
ⓘ
nonlocal features of quantum mechanics ⓘ path-dependent phase shift ⓘ physical significance of potentials ⓘ |
| supports | physical relevance of gauge potentials ⓘ |
How these facts were elicited
The pipeline generated the facts above by prompting gpt-5.1 with this entity's name + description and the instruction below.
Instruction
You are a knowledge base construction expert. Given a subject entity and a description of it, return factual statements that you know for the subject as a JSON list of dictionaries(triples), where keys must be "subject", "predicate" and "object". The number of facts may be very high, between 25 to 50 or more, for very popular subjects. For less popular subjects, the number of facts can be very low, like 5 or 10. # Requirements - If you don't know the subject at all, return an empty list. - If the subject is not a named entity, return an empty list. - Include at least one triple where predicate is "instanceOf". - Do not get too wordy. - Separate several objects into multiple triples with one object.
Input
Subject: Aharonov–Bohm effect Description of subject: The Aharonov–Bohm effect is a quantum mechanical phenomenon in which charged particles are influenced by electromagnetic potentials in regions where the classical electromagnetic fields are zero, revealing the physical significance of potentials in quantum theory.
Referenced by (5)
Full triples — surface form annotated when it differs from this entity's canonical label.
this entity surface form:
Aharonov–Bohm effect in lattices