Worcester v. Georgia

E38721

Worcester v. Georgia was an 1832 U.S. Supreme Court case in which the Court held that states had no authority to impose laws on Native American tribal lands, affirming tribal sovereignty in the face of federal Indian Removal policies.


Statements (48)
Predicate Object
instanceOf United States Supreme Court case
federal Indian law case
landmark case
areaOfLaw constitutional law
federal Indian law
federalism
backgroundLaw Indian Trade and Intercourse Acts
U.S. Constitution Commerce Clause
U.S. treaties with the Cherokee Nation
chiefJustice John Marshall
citation 31 U.S. (6 Pet.) 515
country United States
court Supreme Court of the United States
dateDecided 1832-03-03
decade 1830s
decisionEffect affirmed that Native American nations are distinct political communities
invalidated Georgia laws regulating residence of non-Native Americans on Cherokee lands
dissentingOpinionBy Henry Baldwin
William Johnson
fullCaseName Samuel A. Worcester v. The State of Georgia
historicalSignificance considered a foundational case for tribal sovereignty in the United States
limited the ability of U.S. states to interfere with Native American self-government
holding Regulation of intercourse with Native American tribes is vested exclusively in the federal government
States have no authority to impose their laws within the territorial boundaries of Native American nations
The Cherokee Nation is a distinct community with self-government in which the laws of Georgia can have no force
involvedTribe Cherokee Nation
joinedByInMajority Gabriel Duvall
John McLean
Joseph Story
Smith Thompson
jurisdiction United States federal jurisdiction
languageOfOpinion English
legalIssue scope of federal authority in Indian affairs
state jurisdiction over Native American tribal lands
locationOfEvents State of Georgia
majorityOpinionBy John Marshall
petitioner Samuel A. Worcester
precededBy Cherokee Nation v. Georgia
presidentAtTime Andrew Jackson
relatedDoctrine exclusive federal power over Indian affairs
supremacy of federal treaties over state law
tribal sovereignty
relatedTo Indian Removal policy
Trail of Tears
respondent State of Georgia
subsequentControversy Georgia initially refused to comply with the Supreme Court’s decision
subsequentImpact frequently cited in later federal Indian law jurisprudence
yearDecided 1832

Referenced by (7)
Subject (surface form when different) Predicate
Trail of Tears ("Worcester v. Georgia decision")
follows
Worcester v. Georgia ("Samuel A. Worcester v. The State of Georgia")
fullCaseName
Marshall Court era
hasKeyDecision
John Marshall Court
landmarkCase
Cherokee Nation (historical) ("Worcester v. Georgia (1832)")
legalCase
Indian Removal policy of the United States
relatedCourtCase
Cherokee Nation v. Georgia
relatedTo

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