Van Gend en Loos
E312026
Van Gend en Loos is a landmark 1963 judgment of the European Court of Justice that established the doctrine of direct effect, allowing individuals to invoke certain provisions of European Union law before national courts.
All labels observed (4)
How this entity was disambiguated
This entity first appeared as the object of triple T2931922 — resolving that mention is where its identity was fixed. The disambiguator weighed these candidate entities and picked the highlighted one (or “None”, minting a new entity). This is how homonymy is resolved: the same surface form can point to different entities.
NED1
Entity disambiguation (via context triple)
gpt-5-mini-2025-08-07
Target entity: Van Gend en Loos Context triple: [European Union legal order, originatedInCase, Van Gend en Loos]
-
A.
Sliedrecht
Sliedrecht is a town in the western Netherlands known for its historic shipbuilding and dredging industries along the river Merwede.
-
B.
Brussels–Amsterdam
Brussels–Amsterdam is a major international high-speed rail route connecting the capitals of Belgium and the Netherlands.
-
C.
Vecht
The Vecht is a river in the eastern Netherlands and western Germany known for flowing through the province of Overijssel and into the IJsselmeer.
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D.
Benelux Court of Justice
The Benelux Court of Justice is a supranational judicial body that ensures uniform interpretation and application of common Benelux legal rules among Belgium, the Netherlands, and Luxembourg.
-
E.
Treaty of Amsterdam
The Treaty of Amsterdam is a 1997 agreement that amended the founding treaties of the European Union, enhancing the powers of EU institutions, expanding cooperation in justice and home affairs, and preparing the Union for future enlargement.
- F. None of above. chosen
- G. Unsure - the case is ambiguous/there is not enough information to decide.
NED2
Entity disambiguation (via description)
gpt-5-mini-2025-08-07
Target entity: Van Gend en Loos Target entity description: Van Gend en Loos is a landmark 1963 judgment of the European Court of Justice that established the doctrine of direct effect, allowing individuals to invoke certain provisions of European Union law before national courts.
-
A.
Sliedrecht
Sliedrecht is a town in the western Netherlands known for its historic shipbuilding and dredging industries along the river Merwede.
-
B.
Brussels–Amsterdam
Brussels–Amsterdam is a major international high-speed rail route connecting the capitals of Belgium and the Netherlands.
-
C.
Vecht
The Vecht is a river in the eastern Netherlands and western Germany known for flowing through the province of Overijssel and into the IJsselmeer.
-
D.
Benelux Court of Justice
The Benelux Court of Justice is a supranational judicial body that ensures uniform interpretation and application of common Benelux legal rules among Belgium, the Netherlands, and Luxembourg.
-
E.
Treaty of Amsterdam
The Treaty of Amsterdam is a 1997 agreement that amended the founding treaties of the European Union, enhancing the powers of EU institutions, expanding cooperation in justice and home affairs, and preparing the Union for future enlargement.
- F. None of above. chosen
Statements (49)
| Predicate | Object |
|---|---|
| instanceOf |
European Court of Justice case
ⓘ
European Union law case ⓘ court decision ⓘ landmark judgment ⓘ |
| applicant | Van Gend en Loos self-link ⓘ |
| areaOfLaw |
constitutional law of the European Union
ⓘ
customs law ⓘ |
| articleInterpreted | Article 12 EEC Treaty ⓘ |
| articleInterpretedCurrentNumbering | Article 30 TFEU ⓘ |
| caseNumber | 26/62 ⓘ |
| category | leading case in EU constitutional law ⓘ |
| citationStyle |
Van Gend en Loos
self-linksurface differs
ⓘ
surface form:
Case 26/62 Van Gend en Loos v Nederlandse administratie der belastingen
|
| citedBy |
Costa v ENEL
ⓘ
Internationale Handelsgesellschaft ⓘ Simmenthal ⓘ |
| country | Netherlands ⓘ |
| court | Court of Justice of the European Union ⓘ |
| decisionDate | 1963-02-05 ⓘ |
| defendant |
Dutch Tax and Customs Administration
ⓘ
surface form:
Nederlandse administratie der belastingen
|
| formerCourtName |
Court of Justice of the European Union
ⓘ
surface form:
European Court of Justice
|
| fullName | NV Algemene Transport- en Expeditie Onderneming van Gend & Loos v Nederlandse administratie der belastingen ⓘ |
| held |
European Union legal order
ⓘ
surface form:
European Community constitutes a new legal order of international law
individuals can invoke certain Treaty provisions before national courts ⓘ provisions of EU law can confer rights on individuals ⓘ |
| impact |
enhanced uniform application of EU law in Member States
ⓘ
foundation of the doctrine of direct effect in EU law ⓘ strengthened role of individuals as subjects of EU law ⓘ |
| jurisdiction |
European Economic Community
ⓘ
surface form:
European Communities
|
| languageOfProceedings | Dutch ⓘ |
| legalDoctrineEstablished | direct effect ⓘ |
| legalOrder |
European Union legal order
ⓘ
surface form:
European Community law
European Union legal order ⓘ
surface form:
European Union law
|
| memberStatesInvolved | Netherlands ⓘ |
| originatingCourt | Tariefcommissie (Netherlands) ⓘ |
| parties |
Dutch Tax and Customs Administration
ⓘ
surface form:
Netherlands customs administration
Van Gend en Loos self-link ⓘ |
| principle |
effectiveness of EU law
ⓘ
supremacy of EU law (foreshadowed) ⓘ |
| procedureArticle | Article 177 EEC Treaty ⓘ |
| procedureArticleCurrentNumbering | Article 267 TFEU ⓘ |
| region | European Union ⓘ |
| rightsConferred | right of individuals not to be subjected to increased customs duties contrary to Treaty provisions ⓘ |
| shortName |
Van Gend en Loos
self-linksurface differs
ⓘ
surface form:
Van Gend en Loos v Nederlandse administratie der belastingen
|
| subjectMatter |
customs duties
ⓘ
direct effect of EU law ⓘ tariff classification ⓘ |
| treatyInterpreted |
Treaty of Rome
ⓘ
surface form:
Treaty establishing the European Economic Community
|
| typeOfProcedure | preliminary ruling ⓘ |
| yearDecided | 1963 ⓘ |
How these facts were elicited
The pipeline generated the facts above by prompting gpt-5.1 with this entity's name + description and the instruction below.
Instruction
You are a knowledge base construction expert. Given a subject entity and a description of it, return factual statements that you know for the subject as a JSON list of dictionaries(triples), where keys must be "subject", "predicate" and "object". The number of facts may be very high, between 25 to 50 or more, for very popular subjects. For less popular subjects, the number of facts can be very low, like 5 or 10. # Requirements - If you don't know the subject at all, return an empty list. - If the subject is not a named entity, return an empty list. - Include at least one triple where predicate is "instanceOf". - Do not get too wordy. - Separate several objects into multiple triples with one object.
Input
Subject: Van Gend en Loos Description of subject: Van Gend en Loos is a landmark 1963 judgment of the European Court of Justice that established the doctrine of direct effect, allowing individuals to invoke certain provisions of European Union law before national courts.
Referenced by (6)
Full triples — surface form annotated when it differs from this entity's canonical label.
this entity surface form:
Van Gend en Loos v Nederlandse administratie der belastingen
this entity surface form:
Case 26/62 Van Gend en Loos v Nederlandse administratie der belastingen
this entity surface form:
Van Gend en Loos v Nederlandse Administratie der Belastingen