Yamashita v. Styer
E60837
Yamashita v. Styer is a landmark 1946 U.S. Supreme Court case that upheld the conviction of Japanese General Tomoyuki Yamashita and established the controversial "command responsibility" doctrine in international law.
All labels observed (1)
| Label | Occurrences |
|---|---|
| Yamashita v. Styer canonical | 5 |
How this entity was disambiguated
This entity first appeared as the object of triple T489410 — resolving that mention is where its identity was fixed. The disambiguator weighed these candidate entities and picked the highlighted one (or “None”, minting a new entity). This is how homonymy is resolved: the same surface form can point to different entities.
NED1
Entity disambiguation (via context triple)
gpt-5-mini-2025-08-07
Target entity: Yamashita v. Styer Context triple: [Tomoyuki Yamashita, legalCase, Yamashita v. Styer]
-
A.
Argersinger v. Hamlin
Argersinger v. Hamlin is a 1972 U.S. Supreme Court case that extended the right to counsel to defendants in misdemeanor cases that may result in imprisonment.
-
B.
United States v. Darby
United States v. Darby is a 1941 U.S. Supreme Court case that upheld federal labor regulations under the Commerce Clause and marked a broad expansion of federal power over economic activity.
-
C.
Chiafalo v. Washington
Chiafalo v. Washington is a 2020 U.S. Supreme Court case that unanimously upheld states’ authority to penalize or replace “faithless electors” who do not vote in line with their state’s popular vote in presidential elections.
-
D.
Bolling v. Sharpe
Bolling v. Sharpe is a 1954 U.S. Supreme Court case that held racial segregation in Washington, D.C. public schools unconstitutional under the Fifth Amendment’s Due Process Clause.
-
E.
United States v. Comstock
United States v. Comstock is a 2010 U.S. Supreme Court case that upheld Congress’s authority to civilly commit mentally ill, sexually dangerous federal prisoners beyond their release date under the Constitution’s Necessary and Proper Clause.
- F. None of above. chosen
- G. Unsure - the case is ambiguous/there is not enough information to decide.
NED2
Entity disambiguation (via description)
gpt-5-mini-2025-08-07
Target entity: Yamashita v. Styer Target entity description: Yamashita v. Styer is a landmark 1946 U.S. Supreme Court case that upheld the conviction of Japanese General Tomoyuki Yamashita and established the controversial "command responsibility" doctrine in international law.
-
A.
Argersinger v. Hamlin
Argersinger v. Hamlin is a 1972 U.S. Supreme Court case that extended the right to counsel to defendants in misdemeanor cases that may result in imprisonment.
-
B.
United States v. Darby
United States v. Darby is a 1941 U.S. Supreme Court case that upheld federal labor regulations under the Commerce Clause and marked a broad expansion of federal power over economic activity.
-
C.
Chiafalo v. Washington
Chiafalo v. Washington is a 2020 U.S. Supreme Court case that unanimously upheld states’ authority to penalize or replace “faithless electors” who do not vote in line with their state’s popular vote in presidential elections.
-
D.
Bolling v. Sharpe
Bolling v. Sharpe is a 1954 U.S. Supreme Court case that held racial segregation in Washington, D.C. public schools unconstitutional under the Fifth Amendment’s Due Process Clause.
-
E.
United States v. Comstock
United States v. Comstock is a 2010 U.S. Supreme Court case that upheld Congress’s authority to civilly commit mentally ill, sexually dangerous federal prisoners beyond their release date under the Constitution’s Necessary and Proper Clause.
- F. None of above. chosen
Statements (48)
| Predicate | Object |
|---|---|
| instanceOf |
United States Supreme Court case
ⓘ
World War II war crimes case ⓘ landmark case ⓘ |
| areaOfLaw |
constitutional law
ⓘ
international humanitarian law ⓘ military law ⓘ |
| characterization | controversial precedent ⓘ |
| citation | 327 U.S. 1 ⓘ |
| concernsEvent |
Japanese occupation of the Philippines
ⓘ
atrocities by Japanese forces in the Philippines ⓘ |
| criticizedFor |
insufficient procedural safeguards
ⓘ
low evidentiary standards for command responsibility ⓘ |
| decisionDate | 1946 ⓘ |
| dissentingJustice |
Justice Frank Murphy
ⓘ
Justice Wiley B. Rutledge ⓘ |
| dissentingOpinionConcern |
lack of fair trial guarantees
ⓘ
retroactive application of legal standards ⓘ vagueness of charges ⓘ |
| establishedDoctrine | command responsibility ⓘ |
| executionLocation | Philippines ⓘ |
| executionMethod | hanging ⓘ |
| hasParty |
Styer
ⓘ
Tomoyuki Yamashita ⓘ |
| holding |
commanders may be held responsible for failure to control troops
ⓘ
military commission had lawful authority ⓘ procedures of the commission did not violate the laws of war ⓘ upheld conviction of Tomoyuki Yamashita ⓘ |
| influenced |
development of customary international law on command responsibility
ⓘ
post–World War II war crimes tribunals ⓘ |
| involvesCountry |
Japan
ⓘ
United States of America ⓘ
surface form:
United States
|
| involvesPerson |
Yamashita Tomoyuki
ⓘ
surface form:
General Tomoyuki Yamashita
|
| jurisdiction | Supreme Court of the United States ⓘ |
| legalIssue |
command responsibility
ⓘ
due process in military commissions ⓘ jurisdiction of military commissions ⓘ war crimes liability ⓘ |
| legalPrinciple | a commander can be criminally liable for failing to prevent or punish war crimes by subordinates ⓘ |
| majorityOpinionBy |
Justice Harlan F. Stone
ⓘ
surface form:
Chief Justice Harlan F. Stone
|
| originatedFrom | military commission in the Philippines ⓘ |
| proceduralPosture | habeas corpus petition ⓘ |
| relatedDoctrine | superior responsibility ⓘ |
| relatedToConflict | World War II ⓘ |
| resultForPetitioner | habeas corpus denied ⓘ |
| sentenceUpheld | death ⓘ |
| subsequentCitationIn |
U.S. military law decisions
ⓘ
international criminal law scholarship ⓘ |
| voteSplit | 7–2 ⓘ |
How these facts were elicited
The pipeline generated the facts above by prompting gpt-5.1 with this entity's name + description and the instruction below.
Instruction
You are a knowledge base construction expert. Given a subject entity and a description of it, return factual statements that you know for the subject as a JSON list of dictionaries(triples), where keys must be "subject", "predicate" and "object". The number of facts may be very high, between 25 to 50 or more, for very popular subjects. For less popular subjects, the number of facts can be very low, like 5 or 10. # Requirements - If you don't know the subject at all, return an empty list. - If the subject is not a named entity, return an empty list. - Include at least one triple where predicate is "instanceOf". - Do not get too wordy. - Separate several objects into multiple triples with one object.
Input
Subject: Yamashita v. Styer Description of subject: Yamashita v. Styer is a landmark 1946 U.S. Supreme Court case that upheld the conviction of Japanese General Tomoyuki Yamashita and established the controversial "command responsibility" doctrine in international law.
Referenced by (5)
Full triples — surface form annotated when it differs from this entity's canonical label.