Archean Eon

E43458

The Archean Eon is an ancient geological eon of Earth's history, spanning from about 4.0 to 2.5 billion years ago, characterized by the formation of the first stable continental crust and the earliest known life.

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Observed surface forms (3)

Surface form Occurrences
Archaean Eon 1
Archeozoic Eon 1
Neoarchean Era 1

Statements (50)

Predicate Object
instanceOf geological eon
alsoKnownAs Archean Eon
surface form: Archaean Eon

Archean Eon
surface form: Archeozoic Eon
associatedWith formation of Pilbara Craton
formation of Superior Craton
formation of major cratons such as Kaapvaal Craton
atmosphereComposition dominated by nitrogen and carbon dioxide
very low molecular oxygen
biosphere dominated by prokaryotes
presence of cyanobacteria by late Archean
characterizedBy abundant komatiites
anoxic atmosphere
development of proto-continents
dominance of mafic and ultramafic rocks
earliest known life on Earth
early oceans
emergence of stable cratons
formation of first stable continental crust
high geothermal heat flow
limited free oxygen in atmosphere
microbial life
more intense volcanism than today
presence of greenstone belts
stromatolite formation
climate Sun fainter than today
possible greenhouse warming to keep oceans liquid
contains oldest known continental crust fragments
oldest known sedimentary rocks
oldest known stromatolites
oldest widely accepted microfossils
duration about 1.5 billion years
endTime 2.5 billion years ago
endTimeUpperBound about 2,500 million years ago
follows Hadean Eon
importance records earliest preserved history of Earth’s crust
records origin and early evolution of life
meaningOfName ancient
namedAfter Greek word "archaios"
oceanChemistry likely rich in dissolved iron
partOf Precambrian Supereon
geologic time scale
precedes Proterozoic Eon
startTime 4.0 billion years ago
startTimeLowerBound about 4,000 million years ago
subdividedInto Eoarchean Era
Mesoarchean Era
Neoarchean Era
Paleoarchean Era
tectonics early forms of plate tectonics debated
possible stagnant-lid or proto-plate tectonic regime

Referenced by (6)

Full triples — surface form annotated when it differs from this entity's canonical label.

Archean Eon alsoKnownAs Archean Eon
this entity surface form: Archaean Eon
Archean Eon alsoKnownAs Archean Eon
this entity surface form: Archeozoic Eon
Precambrian Supereon contains Archean Eon
this entity surface form: Neoarchean Era
Paleoproterozoic Era follows Archean Eon
Proterozoic Eon follows Archean Eon
Precambrian Supereon includes Archean Eon