Roman concrete
E42841
Roman concrete is an ancient building material developed by the Romans, renowned for its exceptional durability and use in monumental structures that have survived for millennia.
Statements (58)
| Predicate | Object |
|---|---|
| instanceOf |
ancient Roman technology
→
building material → hydraulic concrete → |
| advantageOverModernConcrete |
better long-term durability in marine environments
→
|
| alsoKnownAs |
opus caementicium
→
|
| bindingPhase |
C-A-S-H gel
→
calcium-aluminum-silicate-hydrate → |
| constructionTechnique |
cast in wooden formwork
→
core of concrete with facing masonry → faced with stone or brick → |
| coreIngredient |
aggregate
→
lime → seawater → volcanic ash → |
| degradationMechanism |
slow formation of interlocking crystals
→
|
| developedBy |
Ancient Romans
→
|
| differsFrom |
modern Portland cement concrete
→
|
| earliestWidespreadUse |
2nd century BCE
→
|
| enabled |
complex vaulting systems
→
large-span domes → massive public buildings → |
| hasProperty |
ability to cure underwater
→
chemical stability in marine environments → hydraulic setting in wet conditions → low permeability → |
| influencedBy |
earlier Hellenistic concrete traditions
→
|
| keyComponent |
pozzolana
→
|
| notableFor |
exceptional durability
→
long-term strength gain → resistance to cracking → resistance to seawater → |
| pozzolanaSourceRegion |
Bay of Naples
→
Puteoli → |
| relatedTo |
modern Portland cement concrete
→
|
| researchSubjectOf |
archaeology
→
materials science → |
| standardizedBy |
Roman engineers
→
|
| timePeriodOfUse |
late 3rd century BCE to late Roman Empire
→
|
| typicallyUsedAggregate |
brick rubble
→
stone rubble → tuff → |
| usedFor |
amphitheaters
→
aqueducts → baths → breakwaters → domes → foundations → harbor structures → piers → temples → vaults → |
| usedIn |
Roman architecture
→
Roman engineering → monumental structures → |
| usedInStructure |
Colosseum
→
Pantheon in Rome → Pont du Gard aqueduct → Roman harbors in the Mediterranean → |
Referenced by (3)
| Subject (surface form when different) | Predicate |
|---|---|
|
Romans
→
|
knownFor |
|
Pantheon
→
|
material |
|
Domus Aurea
→
|
usedMaterial |