Battle of Novara (1513)
E382818
The Battle of Novara (1513) was a decisive engagement in the Italian Wars in which Swiss mercenaries fighting for the Holy League crushed the French army, forcing France to abandon its hold on the Duchy of Milan.
All labels observed (2)
| Label | Occurrences |
|---|---|
| Battle of Novara (1513) canonical | 2 |
| Battle of Novara (War of the League of Cambrai) | 1 |
How this entity was disambiguated
This entity first appeared as the object of triple T3706526 — resolving that mention is where its identity was fixed. The disambiguator weighed these candidate entities and picked the highlighted one (or “None”, minting a new entity). This is how homonymy is resolved: the same surface form can point to different entities.
NED1
Entity disambiguation (via context triple)
gpt-5-mini-2025-08-07
Target entity: Battle of Novara (1513) Context triple: [Holy League against France, notableBattle, Battle of Novara (1513)]
-
A.
Battle of Pavia (1525)
The Battle of Pavia (1525) was a decisive clash in which the forces of Emperor Charles V crushed the French army and captured King Francis I, marking a turning point in the struggle for dominance in Renaissance Italy.
-
B.
Battle of Marignano
The Battle of Marignano was a major 1515 clash near Milan in which French forces under Francis I decisively defeated the Swiss, marking a turning point in the Italian Wars and securing French dominance in northern Italy.
-
C.
Battle of Agnadello
The Battle of Agnadello was a major 1509 clash in the War of the League of Cambrai in which French forces decisively defeated the Republic of Venice, sharply curbing Venetian power in northern Italy.
-
D.
Battle of Guastalla
The Battle of Guastalla was a major 1734 engagement in northern Italy during the War of the Polish Succession, where Franco-Sardinian forces clashed with the Austrian army.
-
E.
Battle of Bicocca
The Battle of Bicocca (1522) was a decisive engagement of the Italian Wars in which Imperial-Spanish forces crushed a French-Swiss army near Milan, marking the decline of Swiss infantry dominance in European warfare.
- F. None of above. chosen
- G. Unsure - the case is ambiguous/there is not enough information to decide.
NED2
Entity disambiguation (via description)
gpt-5-mini-2025-08-07
Target entity: Battle of Novara (1513) Target entity description: The Battle of Novara (1513) was a decisive engagement in the Italian Wars in which Swiss mercenaries fighting for the Holy League crushed the French army, forcing France to abandon its hold on the Duchy of Milan.
-
A.
Battle of Pavia (1525)
The Battle of Pavia (1525) was a decisive clash in which the forces of Emperor Charles V crushed the French army and captured King Francis I, marking a turning point in the struggle for dominance in Renaissance Italy.
-
B.
Battle of Marignano
The Battle of Marignano was a major 1515 clash near Milan in which French forces under Francis I decisively defeated the Swiss, marking a turning point in the Italian Wars and securing French dominance in northern Italy.
-
C.
Battle of Agnadello
The Battle of Agnadello was a major 1509 clash in the War of the League of Cambrai in which French forces decisively defeated the Republic of Venice, sharply curbing Venetian power in northern Italy.
-
D.
Battle of Guastalla
The Battle of Guastalla was a major 1734 engagement in northern Italy during the War of the Polish Succession, where Franco-Sardinian forces clashed with the Austrian army.
-
E.
Battle of Bicocca
The Battle of Bicocca (1522) was a decisive engagement of the Italian Wars in which Imperial-Spanish forces crushed a French-Swiss army near Milan, marking the decline of Swiss infantry dominance in European warfare.
- F. None of above. chosen
Statements (48)
| Predicate | Object |
|---|---|
| instanceOf |
battle
ⓘ
military conflict ⓘ |
| alsoKnownAs |
Battle of Novara (1513)
ⓘ
surface form:
Battle of Novara (War of the League of Cambrai)
|
| belligerent |
Duchy of Milan
ⓘ
Holy League against France ⓘ
surface form:
Holy League
Kingdom of France ⓘ Papal States ⓘ Spanish Empire ⓘ Old Swiss Confederacy ⓘ
surface form:
Swiss Confederacy
|
| cause |
French attempt to retain control of Duchy of Milan
ⓘ
Holy League effort to expel French from northern Italy ⓘ |
| combatantCommander |
Jacques de La Palice
ⓘ
surface form:
Jacques de Chabannes de La Palice
Louis II de la Trémoille ⓘ
surface form:
Louis de la Trémoille
Maximilian Sforza ⓘ Odet de Foix, Vicomte de Lautrec ⓘ Swiss captains ⓘ |
| combatantSide |
France on one side
ⓘ
Swiss and Holy League forces on the other side ⓘ |
| conflict | Italian Wars ⓘ |
| confusedWith | Battle of Novara (1849) ⓘ |
| countryAtTime | Duchy of Milan ⓘ |
| date | 1513-06-06 ⓘ |
| followedBy |
French withdrawal from Lombardy
ⓘ
restoration of Maximilian Sforza as Duke of Milan ⓘ |
| hasParticipant |
French artillery
ⓘ
French heavy cavalry ⓘ Landsknechte ⓘ
surface form:
French mercenary Landsknechts
Milanese troops ⓘ Swiss mercenaries ⓘ |
| historicalPeriod | early 16th century ⓘ |
| historicalSignificance |
forced France to abandon its hold on the Duchy of Milan
ⓘ
marked a major setback for French ambitions in Italy ⓘ |
| location |
Duchy of Milan
ⓘ
Lombardy ⓘ Novara ⓘ |
| notableAspect |
Swiss mercenaries fighting for the Holy League
ⓘ
decisive role of Swiss infantry in Italian Wars ⓘ |
| partOf |
Italian Wars
ⓘ
Italian War of 1508–1516 ⓘ
surface form:
War of the League of Cambrai
|
| precededBy | French conquest of Milan (1512) ⓘ |
| result |
French defeat
ⓘ
French evacuation of Duchy of Milan ⓘ decisive Swiss victory ⓘ restoration of Sforza rule in Milan ⓘ |
| tacticalFeature |
Swiss infantry assault without artillery support
ⓘ
Swiss surprise attack at dawn ⓘ pike square formations ⓘ |
| year | 1513 ⓘ |
How these facts were elicited
The pipeline generated the facts above by prompting gpt-5.1 with this entity's name + description and the instruction below.
Instruction
You are a knowledge base construction expert. Given a subject entity and a description of it, return factual statements that you know for the subject as a JSON list of dictionaries(triples), where keys must be "subject", "predicate" and "object". The number of facts may be very high, between 25 to 50 or more, for very popular subjects. For less popular subjects, the number of facts can be very low, like 5 or 10. # Requirements - If you don't know the subject at all, return an empty list. - If the subject is not a named entity, return an empty list. - Include at least one triple where predicate is "instanceOf". - Do not get too wordy. - Separate several objects into multiple triples with one object.
Input
Subject: Battle of Novara (1513) Description of subject: The Battle of Novara (1513) was a decisive engagement in the Italian Wars in which Swiss mercenaries fighting for the Holy League crushed the French army, forcing France to abandon its hold on the Duchy of Milan.
Referenced by (3)
Full triples — surface form annotated when it differs from this entity's canonical label.
this entity surface form:
Battle of Novara (War of the League of Cambrai)