Roman Walls of Lugo
E313085
The Roman Walls of Lugo are an exceptionally well-preserved 3rd-century Roman defensive fortification encircling the historic center of Lugo in Galicia, Spain, and recognized as a UNESCO World Heritage Site.
All labels observed (3)
| Label | Occurrences |
|---|---|
| Roman walls of Lugo | 2 |
| Muralla Romana de Lugo | 1 |
| Roman Walls of Lugo canonical | 1 |
How this entity was disambiguated
This entity first appeared as the object of triple T2947117 — resolving that mention is where its identity was fixed. The disambiguator weighed these candidate entities and picked the highlighted one (or “None”, minting a new entity). This is how homonymy is resolved: the same surface form can point to different entities.
NED1
Entity disambiguation (via context triple)
gpt-5-mini-2025-08-07
Target entity: Roman Walls of Lugo Context triple: [Northern Spain, hasUNESCOSite, Roman Walls of Lugo]
-
A.
Roman walls of Astorga
The Roman walls of Astorga are a well-preserved defensive fortification built in Roman times around the historic city of Astorga in Spain, notable for their imposing towers and enduring architectural legacy.
-
B.
Gallo-Roman walls
The Gallo-Roman walls of Le Mans are remarkably well-preserved late Roman fortifications, notable for their extensive length and intricate decorative brickwork that encircle the historic city center.
-
C.
Murallas de León
Murallas de León are the historic defensive walls surrounding the old city of León in northwestern Spain, notable for their Roman origins and later medieval fortifications.
-
D.
Roman Town Wall
The Roman Town Wall is an ancient defensive fortification in Colchester, England, built by the Romans and now one of the most significant surviving remnants of the town’s Roman past.
-
E.
Roman city walls of Barcino
The Roman city walls of Barcino are the remains of the ancient fortified perimeter of Roman Barcelona, preserved today within the historic Gothic Quarter.
- F. None of above. chosen
- G. Unsure - the case is ambiguous/there is not enough information to decide.
NED2
Entity disambiguation (via description)
gpt-5-mini-2025-08-07
Target entity: Roman Walls of Lugo Target entity description: The Roman Walls of Lugo are an exceptionally well-preserved 3rd-century Roman defensive fortification encircling the historic center of Lugo in Galicia, Spain, and recognized as a UNESCO World Heritage Site.
-
A.
Roman walls of Astorga
The Roman walls of Astorga are a well-preserved defensive fortification built in Roman times around the historic city of Astorga in Spain, notable for their imposing towers and enduring architectural legacy.
-
B.
Gallo-Roman walls
The Gallo-Roman walls of Le Mans are remarkably well-preserved late Roman fortifications, notable for their extensive length and intricate decorative brickwork that encircle the historic city center.
-
C.
Murallas de León
Murallas de León are the historic defensive walls surrounding the old city of León in northwestern Spain, notable for their Roman origins and later medieval fortifications.
-
D.
Roman Town Wall
The Roman Town Wall is an ancient defensive fortification in Colchester, England, built by the Romans and now one of the most significant surviving remnants of the town’s Roman past.
-
E.
Roman city walls of Barcino
The Roman city walls of Barcino are the remains of the ancient fortified perimeter of Roman Barcelona, preserved today within the historic Gothic Quarter.
- F. None of above. chosen
Statements (48)
| Predicate | Object |
|---|---|
| instanceOf |
Roman fortification
ⓘ
UNESCO World Heritage Site ⓘ ancient city wall ⓘ |
| autonomousCommunity | Galicia ⓘ |
| averageThickness | about 4.2 metres ⓘ |
| builtBy | Romans ⓘ |
| cityServed | Lucus Augusti ⓘ |
| constructionStartCentury | 3rd century ⓘ |
| constructionStartPeriod |
Late Antiquity
ⓘ
surface form:
late Roman Empire
|
| country | Spain ⓘ |
| countrySubdivision | Province of Lugo ⓘ |
| encircles | historic centre of Lugo ⓘ |
| enclosesArea | about 34 hectares ⓘ |
| hasPart |
bastions
ⓘ
gates ⓘ parapet walk ⓘ towers ⓘ |
| hasWalkway | accessible parapet walk along most of the circuit ⓘ |
| heritageDesignation | UNESCO World Heritage Site ⓘ |
| heritageStatus | protected monument ⓘ |
| inscriptionYear | 2000 ⓘ |
| languageOfLocalToponym | Galician ⓘ |
| length | about 2117 metres ⓘ |
| localName |
Roman Walls of Lugo
self-linksurface differs
ⓘ
surface form:
Muralla Romana de Lugo
Muralla de Lugo ⓘ |
| locatedIn |
Galicia
ⓘ
Lugo ⓘ Spain ⓘ |
| locatedOn | hill overlooking the Miño River ⓘ |
| materialUsed |
granite
ⓘ
slate ⓘ stone ⓘ |
| maximumHeight | about 10 metres ⓘ |
| notableFeature | complete circuit of Roman walls surrounding a city ⓘ |
| numberOfGates | 10 ⓘ |
| numberOfTowers | 85 ⓘ |
| openToPublic | yes ⓘ |
| originalFunction | defensive fortification ⓘ |
| partOf |
Cultural heritage of Spain
ⓘ
Roman city of Lucus Augusti ⓘ |
| region | Province of Lugo ⓘ |
| shape | roughly circular ⓘ |
| stateOfConservation | exceptionally well preserved ⓘ |
| touristAttraction | yes ⓘ |
| UNESCORegion | Europe and North America ⓘ |
| UNESCOWorldHeritageCriteria |
(ii)
ⓘ
(iv) ⓘ |
| UNESCOWorldHeritageSiteId | 987 ⓘ |
How these facts were elicited
The pipeline generated the facts above by prompting gpt-5.1 with this entity's name + description and the instruction below.
Instruction
You are a knowledge base construction expert. Given a subject entity and a description of it, return factual statements that you know for the subject as a JSON list of dictionaries(triples), where keys must be "subject", "predicate" and "object". The number of facts may be very high, between 25 to 50 or more, for very popular subjects. For less popular subjects, the number of facts can be very low, like 5 or 10. # Requirements - If you don't know the subject at all, return an empty list. - If the subject is not a named entity, return an empty list. - Include at least one triple where predicate is "instanceOf". - Do not get too wordy. - Separate several objects into multiple triples with one object.
Input
Subject: Roman Walls of Lugo Description of subject: The Roman Walls of Lugo are an exceptionally well-preserved 3rd-century Roman defensive fortification encircling the historic center of Lugo in Galicia, Spain, and recognized as a UNESCO World Heritage Site.
Referenced by (4)
Full triples — surface form annotated when it differs from this entity's canonical label.
subject surface form:
Northern Spain
this entity surface form:
Roman walls of Lugo
this entity surface form:
Muralla Romana de Lugo