Cabibbo–Kobayashi–Maskawa matrix

E234496

concept in the Standard Model of particle physics flavor mixing matrix unitary matrix

The Cabibbo–Kobayashi–Maskawa matrix is a fundamental component of the Standard Model of particle physics that describes how quarks change flavor via the weak interaction and accounts for CP violation in the quark sector.

Try in SPARQL Jump to: Surface forms Statements Referenced by

All labels observed (5)

Label	Occurrences
CKM matrix	6
Cabibbo–Kobayashi–Maskawa matrix canonical	6
Jarlskog invariant	2
Cabibbo angle	1
Cabibbo–Kobayashi–Maskawa theory	1

Statements (50)

Predicate	Object
instanceOf	concept in the Standard Model of particle physics ⓘ flavor mixing matrix ⓘ unitary matrix ⓘ
accountsFor	CP violation in the quark sector ⓘ
appliesTo	down, strange, bottom quarks ⓘ three generations of quarks ⓘ up, charm, top quarks ⓘ
constrains	unitarity triangles ⓘ
describes	charged-current weak interaction couplings of quarks ⓘ quark flavor mixing ⓘ quark mixing in weak interactions ⓘ
generalizes	Cabibbo angle description of quark mixing ⓘ
hasApproximateMagnitudePattern	\|V_cb\|, \|V_ts\| of order 0.04 ⓘ \|V_ub\|, \|V_td\| much smaller than 1 ⓘ \|V_ud\|, \|V_cs\|, \|V_tb\| close to 1 ⓘ \|V_us\|, \|V_cd\| of order 0.22 ⓘ
hasDimension	3×3 ⓘ
hasElement	V_cb ⓘ V_cd ⓘ V_cs ⓘ V_tb ⓘ V_td ⓘ V_ts ⓘ V_ub ⓘ V_ud ⓘ V_us ⓘ
hasParameter	one CP-violating phase ⓘ three mixing angles ⓘ
hasParameterization	Wolfenstein parameterization ⓘ standard PDG parameterization ⓘ
hasProperty	complex phases ⓘ nontrivial CP-violating phase ⓘ unitarity ⓘ
introducedBy	Makoto Kobayashi NERFINISHED ⓘ Nicola Cabibbo ⓘ Toshihide Maskawa ⓘ
namedAfter	Makoto Kobayashi NERFINISHED ⓘ Nicola Cabibbo ⓘ Toshihide Maskawa ⓘ
partOf	Standard Model ⓘ surface form: Standard Model of particle physics
relatedTo	Cabibbo–Kobayashi–Maskawa matrix self-linksurface differs ⓘ surface form: Jarlskog invariant
relates	down-type quarks ⓘ mass eigenstates of quarks ⓘ up-type quarks ⓘ weak interaction eigenstates of quarks ⓘ
symbol	V_CKM ⓘ
usedIn	B meson physics ⓘ D meson physics ⓘ K meson physics ⓘ calculation of weak decay rates of hadrons ⓘ

How these facts were elicited

The pipeline generated the facts above by prompting gpt-5.1 with this entity's name + description and the instruction below.

Instruction

You are a knowledge base construction expert. Given a subject entity and a description of it, return factual statements that you know for the subject as a JSON list of dictionaries(triples), where keys must be "subject", "predicate" and "object". The number of facts may be very high, between 25 to 50 or more, for very popular subjects. For less popular subjects, the number of facts can be very low, like 5 or 10.

# Requirements
- If you don't know the subject at all, return an empty list.
- If the subject is not a named entity, return an empty list.
- Include at least one triple where predicate is "instanceOf".
- Do not get too wordy.
- Separate several objects into multiple triples with one object.

Input

Subject: Cabibbo–Kobayashi–Maskawa matrix
Description of subject: The Cabibbo–Kobayashi–Maskawa matrix is a fundamental component of the Standard Model of particle physics that describes how quarks change flavor via the weak interaction and accounts for CP violation in the quark sector.

Referenced by (16)

Full triples — surface form annotated when it differs from this entity's canonical label.

Toshihide Maskawa → knownFor → Cabibbo–Kobayashi–Maskawa matrix ⓘ

this entity surface form: CKM matrix

GIM mechanism → relatedTo → Cabibbo–Kobayashi–Maskawa matrix ⓘ

this entity surface form: Cabibbo angle

GIM mechanism → relatedTo → Cabibbo–Kobayashi–Maskawa matrix ⓘ

this entity surface form: CKM matrix

Makoto Kobayashi → contributedTo → Cabibbo–Kobayashi–Maskawa matrix ⓘ

Cabibbo–Kobayashi–Maskawa matrix → relatedTo → Cabibbo–Kobayashi–Maskawa matrix self-linksurface differs ⓘ

this entity surface form: Jarlskog invariant

Kobayashi–Maskawa theory → usesConcept → Cabibbo–Kobayashi–Maskawa matrix ⓘ

this entity surface form: CKM matrix

Kobayashi–Maskawa theory → relatedConcept → Cabibbo–Kobayashi–Maskawa matrix ⓘ

this entity surface form: Jarlskog invariant

Kobayashi–Maskawa paper on CP violation (1973) → mainSubject → Cabibbo–Kobayashi–Maskawa matrix ⓘ

Kobayashi–Maskawa paper on CP violation (1973) → laterCalled → Cabibbo–Kobayashi–Maskawa matrix ⓘ

Kobayashi–Maskawa paper on CP violation (1973) → relatedConcept → Cabibbo–Kobayashi–Maskawa matrix ⓘ

this entity surface form: CKM matrix

Maskawa → knownFor → Cabibbo–Kobayashi–Maskawa matrix ⓘ

subject surface form: Makoto Kobayashi

Maskawa → coAuthorOf → Cabibbo–Kobayashi–Maskawa matrix ⓘ

subject surface form: Makoto Kobayashi

this entity surface form: Cabibbo–Kobayashi–Maskawa theory

Maskawa → notableConcept → Cabibbo–Kobayashi–Maskawa matrix ⓘ

subject surface form: Makoto Kobayashi

this entity surface form: CKM matrix

Yukawa coupling → relatedTo → Cabibbo–Kobayashi–Maskawa matrix ⓘ

this entity surface form: CKM matrix