Treaty of Batum (1918)
E204434
The Treaty of Batum (1918) was a World War I–era peace agreement in which the newly formed First Republic of Armenia, under severe military and political pressure, ceded large territories to the Ottoman Empire.
All labels observed (3)
| Label | Occurrences |
|---|---|
| Treaty of Batum | 1 |
| Treaty of Batum (1918) canonical | 1 |
| Treaty of Batumi | 1 |
How this entity was disambiguated
This entity first appeared as the object of triple T1815601 — resolving that mention is where its identity was fixed. The disambiguator weighed these candidate entities and picked the highlighted one (or “None”, minting a new entity). This is how homonymy is resolved: the same surface form can point to different entities.
NED1
Entity disambiguation (via context triple)
gpt-5-mini-2025-08-07
Target entity: Treaty of Batum (1918) Context triple: [First Republic of Armenia, event, Treaty of Batum (1918)]
-
A.
Treaty of Constantinople (1913)
The Treaty of Constantinople (1913) was a peace agreement between the Ottoman Empire and Bulgaria that concluded their hostilities in the Second Balkan War and redrew borders in Thrace.
-
B.
Treaty of Bucharest (1913)
The Treaty of Bucharest (1913) was the peace agreement that ended the Second Balkan War, redrawing the borders of southeastern Europe and significantly altering the territorial balance among the Balkan states.
-
C.
Treaty of Saint Petersburg 1875
The Treaty of Saint Petersburg (1875) was an agreement between the Russian Empire and Japan in which Russia ceded its claims to the Kuril Islands to Japan in exchange for full sovereignty over Sakhalin.
-
D.
Treaty of San Stefano
The Treaty of San Stefano was an 1878 peace agreement between Russia and the Ottoman Empire that ended the Russo-Turkish War and significantly redrew the map of the Balkans and parts of the Caucasus.
-
E.
Treaty of Jassy
The Treaty of Jassy was a 1792 peace agreement between the Russian and Ottoman Empires that ended the Russo-Turkish War of 1787–1792 and confirmed Russian dominance along the Black Sea coast.
- F. None of above. chosen
- G. Unsure - the case is ambiguous/there is not enough information to decide.
NED2
Entity disambiguation (via description)
gpt-5-mini-2025-08-07
Target entity: Treaty of Batum (1918) Target entity description: The Treaty of Batum (1918) was a World War I–era peace agreement in which the newly formed First Republic of Armenia, under severe military and political pressure, ceded large territories to the Ottoman Empire.
-
A.
Treaty of Constantinople (1913)
The Treaty of Constantinople (1913) was a peace agreement between the Ottoman Empire and Bulgaria that concluded their hostilities in the Second Balkan War and redrew borders in Thrace.
-
B.
Treaty of Bucharest (1913)
The Treaty of Bucharest (1913) was the peace agreement that ended the Second Balkan War, redrawing the borders of southeastern Europe and significantly altering the territorial balance among the Balkan states.
-
C.
Treaty of Saint Petersburg 1875
The Treaty of Saint Petersburg (1875) was an agreement between the Russian Empire and Japan in which Russia ceded its claims to the Kuril Islands to Japan in exchange for full sovereignty over Sakhalin.
-
D.
Treaty of San Stefano
The Treaty of San Stefano was an 1878 peace agreement between Russia and the Ottoman Empire that ended the Russo-Turkish War and significantly redrew the map of the Balkans and parts of the Caucasus.
-
E.
Treaty of Jassy
The Treaty of Jassy was a 1792 peace agreement between the Russian and Ottoman Empires that ended the Russo-Turkish War of 1787–1792 and confirmed Russian dominance along the Black Sea coast.
- F. None of above. chosen
Statements (46)
| Predicate | Object |
|---|---|
| instanceOf |
international treaty
ⓘ
peace treaty ⓘ |
| alsoKnownAs |
Treaty of Batum (1918)
ⓘ
surface form:
Treaty of Batumi
|
| appliesToTerritory |
Armenia
ⓘ
Azerbaijan ⓘ Georgia ⓘ South Caucasus ⓘ
surface form:
Transcaucasia
|
| cause |
Ottoman military advance in the Caucasus
ⓘ
collapse of the Transcaucasian Democratic Federative Republic ⓘ |
| conflictContext | World War I ⓘ |
| countrySignatory |
Azerbaijan Democratic Republic
ⓘ
Democratic Republic of Georgia ⓘ First Republic of Armenia ⓘ Ottoman Empire ⓘ |
| historicalPeriod | late World War I ⓘ |
| imposedBy | Ottoman Empire ⓘ |
| imposedOn | First Republic of Armenia ⓘ |
| language |
Armenian
ⓘ
Azerbaijani language ⓘ
surface form:
Azerbaijani
Georgian ⓘ Ottoman Turkish ⓘ |
| legalNature | unequal treaty ⓘ |
| negotiatedUnder | military pressure ⓘ |
| party |
Azerbaijan Democratic Republic
ⓘ
Democratic Republic of Georgia ⓘ First Republic of Armenia ⓘ Ottoman Empire ⓘ |
| predecessor | Treaty of Brest-Litovsk ⓘ |
| region | South Caucasus ⓘ |
| resultedIn |
Ottoman territorial gains in the South Caucasus
ⓘ
severe territorial losses for the First Republic of Armenia ⓘ territorial cessions by Armenia to the Ottoman Empire ⓘ |
| shortDescription | 1918 peace treaty between the Ottoman Empire and the newly independent Transcaucasian republics, including Armenia, involving major Armenian territorial concessions ⓘ |
| signedAfter |
Battle of Bash Abaran
ⓘ
Battle of Karakilisa ⓘ Battle of Sardarabad ⓘ |
| signedIn |
Batumi
ⓘ
surface form:
Batum
Batumi ⓘ South Caucasus ⓘ
surface form:
Transcaucasia
|
| signedOn | 1918-06-04 ⓘ |
| status | superseded ⓘ |
| subject |
Armenian–Ottoman relations
ⓘ
Caucasus Front of World War I ⓘ
surface form:
Caucasus campaign of World War I
border delimitation in the South Caucasus ⓘ |
| supersededBy |
Treaty of Kars
ⓘ
Treaty of Sèvres ⓘ |
How these facts were elicited
The pipeline generated the facts above by prompting gpt-5.1 with this entity's name + description and the instruction below.
Instruction
You are a knowledge base construction expert. Given a subject entity and a description of it, return factual statements that you know for the subject as a JSON list of dictionaries(triples), where keys must be "subject", "predicate" and "object". The number of facts may be very high, between 25 to 50 or more, for very popular subjects. For less popular subjects, the number of facts can be very low, like 5 or 10. # Requirements - If you don't know the subject at all, return an empty list. - If the subject is not a named entity, return an empty list. - Include at least one triple where predicate is "instanceOf". - Do not get too wordy. - Separate several objects into multiple triples with one object.
Input
Subject: Treaty of Batum (1918) Description of subject: The Treaty of Batum (1918) was a World War I–era peace agreement in which the newly formed First Republic of Armenia, under severe military and political pressure, ceded large territories to the Ottoman Empire.
Referenced by (3)
Full triples — surface form annotated when it differs from this entity's canonical label.
this entity surface form:
Treaty of Batum
this entity surface form:
Treaty of Batumi