Treaty of Brest-Litovsk

E14311

World War I peace settlement international treaty peace treaty

The Treaty of Brest-Litovsk was a 1918 peace agreement in which Bolshevik Russia exited World War I by ceding vast territories to the Central Powers, profoundly reshaping Eastern Europe and influencing the course of the Russian Civil War.

Aliases (5)

Brest-Litovsk peace ×1
Brest-Litovsk peace negotiations ×1
Peace of Brest-Litovsk ×1
Russia Leaves the War ×1
Treaty of Brest-Litovsk (1918, with Central Powers) ×1

Statements (60)

Predicate	Object
instanceOf	World War I peace settlement → international treaty → peace treaty →
affectedTerritory	Belarus → Estonia → Finland → Latvia → Lithuania → Poland → Ukraine →
alsoKnownAs	Peace of Brest-Litovsk →
cededTerritoryFrom	Russia →
cededTerritoryTo	Austria-Hungary → German Empire → Kingdom of Bulgaria → Ottoman Empire →
concludedDuring	World War I →
criticizedBy	Left Socialist Revolutionaries → many Bolshevik party members →
hasShortName	Brest-Litovsk peace →
historicalRegion	Eastern Front →
influenced	German spring offensive of 1918 → Russian Civil War → national movements in Eastern Europe →
language	German → Russian →
namedAfter	Brest-Litovsk →
negotiatedBy	Adolf Joffe → Bolshevik government → Council of People’s Commissars → Leon Trotsky →
negotiatedWith	German Supreme Command → Max Hoffmann → Richard von Kühlmann →
partyTo	Bolshevik Russia → Central Powers →
policyAssociatedWith	Bolshevik slogan "peace, land, and bread" → peace at any cost →
precededBy	October Revolution → armistice between Russia and Central Powers →
repudiatedAfter	German Revolution of 1918–1919 → armistice of 11 November 1918 →
repudiatedBy	Soviet Russia →
repudiatedOn	1918-11-13 →
resultedIn	German occupation of large parts of Eastern Europe → Russia exit from World War I → demobilization of Russian army on Eastern Front → end of hostilities between Russia and Central Powers → independence of Ukraine under German influence → territorial losses for Russia →
signedBy	Austria-Hungary → German Empire → Kingdom of Bulgaria → Ottoman Empire → Russian SFSR → Russian Soviet Federative Socialist Republic →
signedIn	Belarus → Brest → Brest-Litovsk →
signedOn	1918-03-03 →

Referenced by (17)

Subject (surface form when different)	Predicate
Russian Revolution → World War I home front in the Russian Empire →	hasEffect
Armistice of 11 November 1918 → Decree on Peace ("Brest-Litovsk peace negotiations") →	relatedEvent
Russian Social Democratic Labour Party (Bolsheviks) → Ukrainian People’s Republic ("Treaty of Brest-Litovsk (1918, with Central Powers)") →	signed
Treaty of Brest-Litovsk ("Peace of Brest-Litovsk") →	alsoKnownAs
Kars Oblast →	dissolvedFollowing
Eastern Front (World War I) →	endedBy
Eastern Front (World War I) →	hasOutcome
Treaty of Brest-Litovsk ("Brest-Litovsk peace") →	hasShortName
Brest-Litovsk →	historicalEventSite
Vladimir Lenin →	implemented
George F. Kennan ("Russia Leaves the War") →	notableWork
Treaty of Riga →	relatedTo
Decree on Peace →	resultedIn
Russian Civil War →	significantEvent