Stokes parameters
E155870
Stokes parameters are a set of values that quantitatively describe the polarization state of electromagnetic radiation, widely used in optics and remote sensing.
All labels observed (3)
| Label | Occurrences |
|---|---|
| Stokes parameters canonical | 4 |
| Stokes parameters in polarization | 1 |
| Stokes parameters in polarization optics | 1 |
How this entity was disambiguated
This entity first appeared as the object of triple T1367418 — resolving that mention is where its identity was fixed. The disambiguator weighed these candidate entities and picked the highlighted one (or “None”, minting a new entity). This is how homonymy is resolved: the same surface form can point to different entities.
NED1
Entity disambiguation (via context triple)
gpt-5-mini-2025-08-07
Target entity: Stokes parameters Context triple: [George Gabriel Stokes, knownFor, Stokes parameters]
-
A.
Fresnel equations
The Fresnel equations are fundamental formulas in optics that describe how light is partially reflected and transmitted at the boundary between two media with different refractive indices, depending on polarization and angle of incidence.
-
B.
Einstein coefficients
Einstein coefficients are parameters in quantum theory that quantify the probabilities of absorption, spontaneous emission, and stimulated emission of radiation by atoms or molecules.
-
C.
Faraday effect
The Faraday effect is a magneto-optical phenomenon in which the polarization plane of light is rotated as it passes through a material under the influence of a magnetic field aligned with the direction of propagation.
-
D.
Poynting vector
The Poynting vector is a fundamental quantity in electromagnetism that represents the directional energy flux (power per unit area) carried by an electromagnetic field.
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E.
Fourier optics
Fourier optics is a branch of optics that uses Fourier transform methods to analyze and design optical systems, particularly the propagation and diffraction of light waves.
- F. None of above. chosen
- G. Unsure - the case is ambiguous/there is not enough information to decide.
NED2
Entity disambiguation (via description)
gpt-5-mini-2025-08-07
Target entity: Stokes parameters Target entity description: Stokes parameters are a set of values that quantitatively describe the polarization state of electromagnetic radiation, widely used in optics and remote sensing.
-
A.
Fresnel equations
The Fresnel equations are fundamental formulas in optics that describe how light is partially reflected and transmitted at the boundary between two media with different refractive indices, depending on polarization and angle of incidence.
-
B.
Einstein coefficients
Einstein coefficients are parameters in quantum theory that quantify the probabilities of absorption, spontaneous emission, and stimulated emission of radiation by atoms or molecules.
-
C.
Faraday effect
The Faraday effect is a magneto-optical phenomenon in which the polarization plane of light is rotated as it passes through a material under the influence of a magnetic field aligned with the direction of propagation.
-
D.
Poynting vector
The Poynting vector is a fundamental quantity in electromagnetism that represents the directional energy flux (power per unit area) carried by an electromagnetic field.
-
E.
Fourier optics
Fourier optics is a branch of optics that uses Fourier transform methods to analyze and design optical systems, particularly the propagation and diffraction of light waves.
- F. None of above. chosen
Statements (49)
| Predicate | Object |
|---|---|
| instanceOf |
concept in electromagnetism
ⓘ
concept in optics ⓘ polarization formalism ⓘ set of physical quantities ⓘ |
| appliesTo |
electromagnetic waves
ⓘ
microwave frequencies ⓘ optical frequencies ⓘ radio frequencies ⓘ |
| assumes | quasi-monochromatic radiation ⓘ |
| basisFor |
polarimetric calibration procedures
ⓘ
polarimetric data analysis in remote sensing ⓘ |
| canDescribe | incoherent superposition of polarization states ⓘ |
| componentCount | 4 ⓘ |
| describes |
degree of polarization
ⓘ
intensity of light ⓘ orientation of linear polarization ⓘ sense of circular polarization ⓘ |
| domain | classical electromagnetism ⓘ |
| field |
astronomy
ⓘ
electromagnetism ⓘ optical engineering ⓘ optics ⓘ radar polarimetry ⓘ remote sensing ⓘ |
| hasComponent |
I
ⓘ
Q ⓘ U ⓘ V ⓘ |
| introducedIn | 19th century ⓘ |
| invariantUnder | global phase change of electromagnetic field ⓘ |
| mathematicallyRepresentedAs | four-dimensional real vector ⓘ |
| measurementRequires | set of intensity measurements with different analyzers ⓘ |
| namedAfter |
George Stokes
ⓘ
surface form:
George Gabriel Stokes
|
| relatedTo |
Jones calculus
ⓘ
Mueller calculus ⓘ Mueller matrix ⓘ Poincaré sphere ⓘ coherency matrix ⓘ degree of polarization ⓘ |
| usedFor |
characterizing fully polarized light
ⓘ
characterizing optical polarization in experiments ⓘ characterizing partially polarized light ⓘ characterizing unpolarized light ⓘ describing polarization state of electromagnetic radiation ⓘ polarimetric imaging ⓘ polarimetric radar analysis ⓘ quantitative description of polarization ⓘ radio astronomy polarization measurements ⓘ remote sensing of surface and atmospheric properties ⓘ |
How these facts were elicited
The pipeline generated the facts above by prompting gpt-5.1 with this entity's name + description and the instruction below.
Instruction
You are a knowledge base construction expert. Given a subject entity and a description of it, return factual statements that you know for the subject as a JSON list of dictionaries(triples), where keys must be "subject", "predicate" and "object". The number of facts may be very high, between 25 to 50 or more, for very popular subjects. For less popular subjects, the number of facts can be very low, like 5 or 10. # Requirements - If you don't know the subject at all, return an empty list. - If the subject is not a named entity, return an empty list. - Include at least one triple where predicate is "instanceOf". - Do not get too wordy. - Separate several objects into multiple triples with one object.
Input
Subject: Stokes parameters Description of subject: Stokes parameters are a set of values that quantitatively describe the polarization state of electromagnetic radiation, widely used in optics and remote sensing.
Referenced by (6)
Full triples — surface form annotated when it differs from this entity's canonical label.
subject surface form:
George Gabriel Stokes
subject surface form:
George Gabriel Stokes
this entity surface form:
Stokes parameters in polarization optics
subject surface form:
George Gabriel Stokes
subject surface form:
George Gabriel Stokes
this entity surface form:
Stokes parameters in polarization