Triple

T1367418
Position Surface form Disambiguated ID Type / Status
Subject George Gabriel Stokes E30034 entity
Predicate knownFor P22 FINISHED
Object Stokes parameters
Stokes parameters are a set of values that quantitatively describe the polarization state of electromagnetic radiation, widely used in optics and remote sensing.
E155870 NE FINISHED

How this triple was built (4 steps)

Every LLM step that produced this triple, in pipeline order — named-entity classification, the disambiguation choices (the exact options shown, with the pick highlighted), and the generated description. The batch + timestamp of each is in the Provenance table below.

NER Named-entity recognition gpt-5-mini
Instruction
Given a phrase, classify it is english named entity (e.g., persons, organizations, works of art) in Latin script, or not (e.g., literals, dates, URLs, verbose phrases). For disambiguation, the statement where the phrase occurs as object is also given. Please return a JSON object with `phrase` (string, the phrase being analyzed) and `is_ne` (boolean, indicating whether the phrase is a Named Entity).
Input
Phrase: Stokes parameters | Statement: [George Gabriel Stokes, knownFor, Stokes parameters]
NED1 Entity disambiguation (via context triple) gpt-5-mini-2025-08-07
Target entity: Stokes parameters
Context triple: [George Gabriel Stokes, knownFor, Stokes parameters]
  • A. Fresnel equations
    The Fresnel equations are fundamental formulas in optics that describe how light is partially reflected and transmitted at the boundary between two media with different refractive indices, depending on polarization and angle of incidence.
  • B. Einstein coefficients
    Einstein coefficients are parameters in quantum theory that quantify the probabilities of absorption, spontaneous emission, and stimulated emission of radiation by atoms or molecules.
  • C. Faraday effect
    The Faraday effect is a magneto-optical phenomenon in which the polarization plane of light is rotated as it passes through a material under the influence of a magnetic field aligned with the direction of propagation.
  • D. Poynting vector
    The Poynting vector is a fundamental quantity in electromagnetism that represents the directional energy flux (power per unit area) carried by an electromagnetic field.
  • E. Fourier optics
    Fourier optics is a branch of optics that uses Fourier transform methods to analyze and design optical systems, particularly the propagation and diffraction of light waves.
  • F. None of above. chosen
  • G. Unsure - the case is ambiguous/there is not enough information to decide.
NEDg Description generation gpt-5.1
Instruction
Generate a one-sentence description of the target entity. 
You are given a context triple in the form (subject, predicate, object), where the object is the target entity. 
# Instructions
Use the triple to infer relevant information about the entity. Describe the entity based on what is most defining, well-known. 
Avoid repeating the information from the triple, unless really essential.
# Response Format
Return only the sentence: "Description: [one-sentence description of the target entity]"
Input
Entity: Stokes parameters
Triple: [George Gabriel Stokes, knownFor, Stokes parameters]
Generated description
Stokes parameters are a set of values that quantitatively describe the polarization state of electromagnetic radiation, widely used in optics and remote sensing.
NED2 Entity disambiguation (via description) gpt-5-mini-2025-08-07
Target entity: Stokes parameters
Target entity description: Stokes parameters are a set of values that quantitatively describe the polarization state of electromagnetic radiation, widely used in optics and remote sensing.
  • A. Fresnel equations
    The Fresnel equations are fundamental formulas in optics that describe how light is partially reflected and transmitted at the boundary between two media with different refractive indices, depending on polarization and angle of incidence.
  • B. Einstein coefficients
    Einstein coefficients are parameters in quantum theory that quantify the probabilities of absorption, spontaneous emission, and stimulated emission of radiation by atoms or molecules.
  • C. Faraday effect
    The Faraday effect is a magneto-optical phenomenon in which the polarization plane of light is rotated as it passes through a material under the influence of a magnetic field aligned with the direction of propagation.
  • D. Poynting vector
    The Poynting vector is a fundamental quantity in electromagnetism that represents the directional energy flux (power per unit area) carried by an electromagnetic field.
  • E. Fourier optics
    Fourier optics is a branch of optics that uses Fourier transform methods to analyze and design optical systems, particularly the propagation and diffraction of light waves.
  • F. None of above. chosen

Provenance (5 batches)

The batch behind each pipeline step, in order, with when it ran. Timestamps are batch-level — stages were processed in waves, so the object chain (NER → NED1 → NEDg → NED2) reads in order, but predicate / elicitation batches can sit in a different wave.

Step Stage Batch ID Status When
creating Elicitation batch_69a498f912008190a376a98b207b2071 completed March 1, 2026, 7:52 p.m.
NER Named-entity recognition batch_69a4c2d33d2081908008494b5f56bf56 completed March 1, 2026, 10:50 p.m.
NED1 Entity disambiguation (via context triple) batch_69acce788098819087a046e10966b7e9 completed March 8, 2026, 1:18 a.m.
NEDg Description generation batch_69accf15d910819098e9a4b24247881b completed March 8, 2026, 1:21 a.m.
NED2 Entity disambiguation (via description) batch_69accffa9a40819083a3e55a5d83e040 completed March 8, 2026, 1:25 a.m.
Created at: March 1, 2026, 7:57 p.m.