Bacillus subtilis
E928065
Bacillus subtilis is a rod-shaped, Gram-positive, endospore-forming bacterium widely used as a model organism in microbiology and biotechnology.
All labels observed (1)
| Label | Occurrences |
|---|---|
| Bacillus subtilis canonical | 6 |
How this entity was disambiguated
This entity first appeared as the object of triple T11466889 — resolving that mention is where its identity was fixed. The disambiguator weighed these candidate entities and picked the highlighted one (or “None”, minting a new entity). This is how homonymy is resolved: the same surface form can point to different entities.
NED1
Entity disambiguation (via context triple)
gpt-5-mini-2025-08-07
Target entity: Bacillus subtilis Context triple: [Bacillus, typeSpecies, Bacillus subtilis]
-
A.
Bacillus
Bacillus is a genus of rod-shaped, endospore-forming bacteria that includes both harmless environmental species and notable pathogens such as Bacillus anthracis.
-
B.
Escherichia coli
Escherichia coli is a widely studied, rod-shaped bacterium commonly found in the intestines of warm-blooded animals and extensively used as a model organism in microbiology and genetics.
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C.
Brevibacterium linens
Brevibacterium linens is a species of bacteria known for producing the characteristic orange-red color and strong aroma of washed-rind cheeses.
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D.
Bacillaceae
Bacillaceae is a family of Gram-positive, rod-shaped, endospore-forming bacteria that includes medically and environmentally significant genera such as Bacillus.
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E.
Bacillales
Bacillales is an order of Gram-positive, rod-shaped bacteria that includes medically and environmentally important genera such as Bacillus and Staphylococcus.
- F. None of above. chosen
- G. Unsure - the case is ambiguous/there is not enough information to decide.
NED2
Entity disambiguation (via description)
gpt-5-mini-2025-08-07
Target entity: Bacillus subtilis Target entity description: Bacillus subtilis is a rod-shaped, Gram-positive, endospore-forming bacterium widely used as a model organism in microbiology and biotechnology.
-
A.
Bacillus
Bacillus is a genus of rod-shaped, endospore-forming bacteria that includes both harmless environmental species and notable pathogens such as Bacillus anthracis.
-
B.
Escherichia coli
Escherichia coli is a widely studied, rod-shaped bacterium commonly found in the intestines of warm-blooded animals and extensively used as a model organism in microbiology and genetics.
-
C.
Brevibacterium linens
Brevibacterium linens is a species of bacteria known for producing the characteristic orange-red color and strong aroma of washed-rind cheeses.
-
D.
Bacillaceae
Bacillaceae is a family of Gram-positive, rod-shaped, endospore-forming bacteria that includes medically and environmentally significant genera such as Bacillus.
-
E.
Bacillales
Bacillales is an order of Gram-positive, rod-shaped bacteria that includes medically and environmentally important genera such as Bacillus and Staphylococcus.
- F. None of above. chosen
Statements (56)
| Predicate | Object |
|---|---|
| instanceOf |
bacterial species
ⓘ
model organism ⓘ |
| biosafetyLevel | BSL-1 ⓘ |
| carbonSource | organic carbon ⓘ |
| cellArrangement |
short chains
ⓘ
single rods ⓘ |
| cellShape | rod-shaped ⓘ |
| class | Bacilli NERFINISHED ⓘ |
| describedAs | hay bacillus ⓘ |
| discoveredBy | Ferdinand Cohn NERFINISHED ⓘ |
| domain | Bacteria NERFINISHED ⓘ |
| energySource | organic compounds ⓘ |
| family | Bacillaceae NERFINISHED ⓘ |
| forms | endospores ⓘ |
| genomeSizeBasePairs | approximately 4.2 million ⓘ |
| genomeType | circular chromosome ⓘ |
| genus | Bacillus NERFINISHED ⓘ |
| gramStain | Gram-positive ⓘ |
| habitat |
gastrointestinal tract of animals
ⓘ
plant rhizosphere ⓘ soil ⓘ |
| hasPlasmids | yes ⓘ |
| metabolismType | chemoorganotroph ⓘ |
| modelStrain | Bacillus subtilis 168 NERFINISHED ⓘ |
| motility | motile ⓘ |
| motilityStructure | peritrichous flagella ⓘ |
| naturalCompetence | genetically competent for DNA uptake ⓘ |
| optimalPH | neutral ⓘ |
| optimalTemperature | mesophilic ⓘ |
| optimalTemperatureCelsius | 30–37 ⓘ |
| order | Bacillales NERFINISHED ⓘ |
| oxygenRequirement | aerobic ⓘ |
| pathogenicity | generally non-pathogenic to humans ⓘ |
| performs | natural transformation ⓘ |
| phylum | Firmicutes NERFINISHED ⓘ |
| produces |
antimicrobial compounds
ⓘ
degradative enzymes ⓘ |
| sporeLocation | subterminal endospores ⓘ |
| sporeResistance |
desiccation-resistant
ⓘ
heat-resistant ⓘ |
| taxonRank | species ⓘ |
| undergoes |
biofilm formation
ⓘ
sporulation ⓘ |
| usedAs |
host for industrial enzyme production
ⓘ
host for recombinant protein expression ⓘ model organism in cell biology ⓘ model organism in genetics ⓘ model organism in microbiology ⓘ probiotic in some applications ⓘ |
| usedIn |
biotechnology
ⓘ
industrial microbiology ⓘ studies of DNA replication ⓘ studies of cell differentiation ⓘ studies of stress responses ⓘ studies of transcription regulation ⓘ synthetic biology ⓘ |
How these facts were elicited
The pipeline generated the facts above by prompting gpt-5.1 with this entity's name + description and the instruction below.
Instruction
You are a knowledge base construction expert. Given a subject entity and a description of it, return factual statements that you know for the subject as a JSON list of dictionaries(triples), where keys must be "subject", "predicate" and "object". The number of facts may be very high, between 25 to 50 or more, for very popular subjects. For less popular subjects, the number of facts can be very low, like 5 or 10. # Requirements - If you don't know the subject at all, return an empty list. - If the subject is not a named entity, return an empty list. - Include at least one triple where predicate is "instanceOf". - Do not get too wordy. - Separate several objects into multiple triples with one object.
Input
Subject: Bacillus subtilis Description of subject: Bacillus subtilis is a rod-shaped, Gram-positive, endospore-forming bacterium widely used as a model organism in microbiology and biotechnology.
Referenced by (6)
Full triples — surface form annotated when it differs from this entity's canonical label.