Qiyas

E6837

Qiyas is an Islamic legal method of analogical reasoning used by jurists to derive rulings for new cases based on established precedents in the Quran and Sunnah.


Statements (49)
Predicate Object
instanceOf Islamic legal principle
method of analogical reasoning
source of Islamic law
acceptedBy Hanafi school of law
Hanbali school of law
Maliki school of law
Shafi‘i school of law
appliedIn criminal law in Islamic jurisprudence
family law
ritual law (ibadat)
transactions (muamalat)
appliesTo cases not explicitly mentioned in Quran and Sunnah
basedOn Quran
Sunnah
constrainedBy principles of usul al-fiqh
textual evidence
contestedBy some Shia jurists
distinguishedFrom Ijma
Istihsan
Maslahah mursalah
hasComponent asl (original case)
far (new case)
hukm (legal ruling)
illah (effective cause)
hasCondition illah must be valid and shared by both cases
new ruling must not contradict explicit texts
hasDebateOn extent of its authority
validity of identifying the illah
hasLanguageOrigin Arabic
hasLiteralMeaning comparison
measurement
hasMethod analogical reasoning from known cases to new cases
hasPurpose deriving legal rulings for new cases
influenced development of Sunni legal theory
rankedAfter Ijma as source of law
Quran as source of law
Sunnah as source of law
recognizedBy Sunni Islam
rejectedBy Zahiri school of law
relatedTo analogy in legal reasoning
requires a legal ruling for the original case (hukm al-asl)
a new case without explicit ruling (far)
an effective cause or common attribute (illah)
an original case with a known ruling (asl)
resultsIn a legal ruling for the new case (hukm al-far)
studiedIn usul al-fiqh
usedBy Islamic jurists
usedFor extending existing rulings to similar situations
usedIn Islamic jurisprudence

Referenced by (3)
Subject (surface form when different) Predicate
Sharia
derivedFrom
Islam
legalSource
Ijma
relatedConcept

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