Xhosa Wars

E55477

frontier conflict series of wars

The Xhosa Wars were a series of 19th-century frontier conflicts in South Africa between the Xhosa peoples and European colonial powers, primarily the British, over land and political control in the Eastern Cape region.

Aliases (4)

Statements (49)

Predicate	Object
instanceOf	frontier conflict → series of wars →
alsoKnownAs	Cape Frontier Wars → Kaffir Wars →
conflictType	colonial war →
endTime	1879 →
firstWarEnd	1781 →
firstWarStart	1779 →
historicalPeriod	18th century → 19th century →
impact	dispossession of African land → entrenchment of colonial boundaries → militarization of the Eastern Cape frontier →
involvedEthnicGroup	Gcaleka Xhosa → Mfengu → Ngqika Xhosa → Thembu →
languageOfPrimarySources	English → Xhosa →
lastWarEnd	1879 →
lastWarStart	1877 →
locatedIn	Cape Colony → Eastern Cape → South Africa →
mainParticipants	Boer settlers → British Empire → Xhosa people →
notableLeader	Benjamin d’Urban → Harry Smith → Hintsa kaKhawuta → Sandile kaNgqika → Sarhili kaHintsa →
notableWar	Eighth Frontier War → Ninth Frontier War → Seventh Frontier War → Sixth Frontier War →
numberOfConflicts	9 →
opposingForce	British colonial authorities → Xhosa chiefdoms →
partOf	British colonial expansion in Southern Africa → history of South Africa →
primaryCause	frontier expansion → land disputes → political control →
relatedEvent	Great Cattle Killing of 1856–1857 →
result	British victory → annexation of Xhosa lands → extension of British rule in Eastern Cape →
startTime	1779 →

Referenced by (9)

Subject (surface form when different)	Predicate
Frontier Wars ("Cape Frontier Wars") → Frontier Wars → Xhosa Wars ("Cape Frontier Wars") → Xhosa Wars ("Kaffir Wars") →	alsoKnownAs
Xhosa people → Xhosa people ("Cape Frontier Wars") →	historicalConflict
Gcaleka polity ("Xhosa frontier conflicts") → Xhosa polities →	involvedIn
Khoikhoi–Dutch conflicts at the Cape ("Cape frontier wars") →	relatedTo