Dred Scott v. Sandford
E54704
Dred Scott v. Sandford was an 1857 U.S. Supreme Court decision that infamously denied citizenship and constitutional rights to African Americans and helped accelerate tensions leading to the Civil War.
Aliases (3)
Statements (49)
| Predicate | Object |
|---|---|
| instanceOf |
United States Supreme Court case
→
constitutional law case → landmark court decision → |
| alsoKnownAs |
Dred Scott case
→
Dred Scott decision → |
| chiefJusticeAtTime |
Roger B. Taney
→
|
| citation |
60 U.S. (19 How.) 393 (1857)
→
|
| constitutionalProvisionInterpreted |
Article III of the United States Constitution
→
Article IV of the United States Constitution → Fifth Amendment to the United States Constitution → |
| country |
United States
→
|
| court |
Supreme Court of the United States
→
|
| decisionDate |
1857-03-06
→
|
| defendant |
John F. A. Sandford
→
|
| effect |
heightened sectional tensions between North and South
→
helped accelerate events leading to the American Civil War → invalidated federal restrictions on slavery in certain territories → |
| fullName |
Dred Scott v. Sandford
→
|
| historicalContext |
pre–American Civil War era
→
|
| impactOnCitizenshipLaw |
denied U.S. citizenship to persons of African descent
→
|
| impactOnCivilRights |
denied federal constitutional protections to African Americans
→
|
| jurisdiction |
federal question jurisdiction
→
|
| keyConcept |
property rights in enslaved persons
→
substantive due process → |
| legalIssue |
African American citizenship
→
constitutionality of the Missouri Compromise → slavery in United States territories → standing to sue in federal court → |
| majorityHolding |
African Americans, whether enslaved or free, could not be citizens of the United States
→
Congress lacked power to prohibit slavery in the federal territories → Dred Scott, as an African American slave, lacked standing to sue in federal court → The Missouri Compromise was unconstitutional → |
| majorityOpinionBy |
Roger B. Taney
→
|
| originatedIn |
Missouri state courts
→
|
| overruledBy |
Fourteenth Amendment to the United States Constitution
→
Thirteenth Amendment to the United States Constitution → |
| party |
Dred Scott
→
John F. A. Sandford → |
| plaintiff |
Dred Scott
→
|
| regardedAs |
one of the worst decisions in U.S. Supreme Court history
→
|
| relatedTo |
American Civil War
→
Missouri Compromise of 1820 → Reconstruction Amendments → |
| subjectMatter |
civil rights
→
federalism → slavery → |
| timePeriod |
19th century
→
|
| unitedStatesReportsPage |
393
→
|
| volumeOfUnitedStatesReports |
60 U.S.
→
|
Referenced by (10)
| Subject (surface form when different) | Predicate |
|---|---|
|
Dred Scott v. Sandford
("Dred Scott decision")
→
Dred Scott v. Sandford ("Dred Scott case") → |
alsoKnownAs |
|
Missouri Compromise
→
|
declaredUnconstitutionalBy |
|
Dred Scott v. Sandford
→
|
fullName |
|
Bleeding Kansas crisis
("Dred Scott decision")
→
|
hasRelatedEvent |
|
Due Process Clause
→
|
interpretedInCase |
|
Old Courthouse (St. Louis)
("Dred Scott trials")
→
|
knownFor |
|
Roger B. Taney Court
→
|
notableCase |
|
Fugitive Slave Clause
→
|
relatedToCase |
|
Antebellum period
→
|
significantEvent |