Pauling electronegativity scale
E4115
The Pauling electronegativity scale is a quantitative system devised by Linus Pauling to compare the tendency of atoms to attract electrons in chemical bonds.
Statements (47)
| Predicate | Object |
|---|---|
| instanceOf |
chemical property scale
→
electronegativity scale → |
| appearsIn |
The Nature of the Chemical Bond
→
|
| appliesTo |
atoms in molecules
→
elements → |
| assumes |
covalent bond energy additivity with ionic contribution
→
|
| basedOn |
bond energy differences
→
|
| cesiumValueApprox |
0.79
→
|
| chlorineValueApprox |
3.16
→
|
| correlatesWith |
bond polarity
→
ionic character of bonds → |
| creator |
Linus Pauling
→
|
| definedFrom |
heteronuclear bond energies
→
homonuclear bond energies → |
| describes |
tendency of atoms to attract electrons in chemical bonds
→
|
| developedAt |
California Institute of Technology
→
|
| fluorineValue |
3.98
→
|
| hasUnit |
dimensionless
→
|
| highestElement |
fluorine
→
|
| hydrogenValueApprox |
2.20
→
|
| introducedIn |
1932
→
|
| isMostCommonElectronegativityScale |
true
→
|
| lowestElementApprox |
cesium
→
francium → |
| mathematicalForm |
difference proportional to square root of extra bond energy
→
|
| namedAfter |
Linus Pauling
→
|
| originalFluorineValue |
4.0
→
|
| oxygenValueApprox |
3.44
→
|
| rangeApprox |
0.7 to 4.0
→
|
| referenceElement |
fluorine
→
|
| relatedTo |
Allen electronegativity scale
→
Allred–Rochow electronegativity scale → Mulliken electronegativity scale → |
| sodiumValueApprox |
0.93
→
|
| status |
standard textbook scale for electronegativity
→
|
| symbolForElectronegativity |
χ
→
|
| trendAcrossPeriod |
generally increases left to right
→
|
| trendDownGroup |
generally decreases down a group
→
|
| usedIn |
chemistry
→
inorganic chemistry → materials science → organic chemistry → periodic trends analysis → |
| usedToEstimate |
bond energy differences
→
bond polarity → |
| usedToPredict |
bond type
→
ionic versus covalent character → |